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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

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Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Test procedure according to National Standard with acceptable restrictions (e.g. exposure concentrations in the test and the stability of test item were not confirmed by chemical analysis)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Method: other: German Industrial Standard DIN 38412, Part 9
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
pH:
3.82 - 7.98
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
Potassium dichromate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
49.3 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: 95%: 37.9 - 64.1 mg/L
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
32 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: 95 % = 22.9 - 44.6 mg/L
Results related to nominal concentrations
-----------------------------------------

Effect values based on growth rate:
EµC10 (72 h) = 31.94 mg/l (CI 95 % = 22.90 - 44.56)
EµC10 (96 h) = 27.94 mg/l (CI 95 % = 17.81 - 43.83)
EµC50 (72 h) = 49.28 mg/l (CI 95 % = 37.91 - 64.06)
EµC50 (96 h) = 44.39 mg/l (CI 95 % = 31.42 - 62.71)

Effect values based on biomass:
EbC10 (72 h) = 32.54 mg/l (CI 95 % = 16.85 - 62.86)
EbC10 (96 h) = 24.50 mg/l (CI 95 % = 11.10 - 54.05)
EbC50 (72 h) = 60.51 mg/l (CI 95 % = 36.74 - 99.65)
EbC50 (96 h) = 40.62 mg/l (CI 95 % = 22.50 - 73.33)


Cell density values (cells * 10^3/ml):

Concentration (mg/l)    0 h   24 h   48 h   72 h   96 h
  0 (Control)           12     28     56    140    415 
 25                     12     28     55    128    290 
 50                     12     27     42     50     70
100                     12     17     17     13     13
250                     11     10     10      4      4
500                     12      8      4      4      4
500 (pH control)        12     23     31     52     75


Inhibition of growth rate and biomass after 72 and 96 h:

                                Inhibition (%)
                        Growth rate            Biomass
Concentration (mg/l)   72 h     96 h        72 h     96 h
  0 (Control)           --       --          --       -- 
 25                     3.6     10.1         4.4     16.5 
 50                    41.9     50.2        41.1     69.4
100                    96.7     97.7        84.7     95.4
250                   100.0    100.0        97.5    100.0
500                   100.0    100.0       100.0    100.0
500 (pH control)       40.3     48.3        55.0     71.0  


Physico-chemical parameters:
  
                                  pH
Concentration (mg/l)        0 h        96 h
 0 (Control)               7.83        7.92
 25                        7.52        7.77
 50                        7.19        7.45
100                        5.48        5.59
250                        4.25        4.30
500                        3.82        3.85
500 (pH control)           7.84        7.98

- the temperature was 24.8 °C in all test concentrations
Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2005-07-18 - 2005-10-14
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Justification for type of information:
Justification for read-across, see attached file.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Test organisms (species):
Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
Details on test organisms:
Desmodesmus subspicatus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorococcales), strain: SAG 86.81
Origin: Albrecht von Haller Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften der Universität Göttingen
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
72 h
Details on test conditions:
Initial cell concentration: ca. 10.000 cells/mL
Duration: 72 h
Temperature: 25 ± 2°C (climate controlled room)
Incubator: Roundshaker VKS 75 with mounted illumination device
Illumination: ca. 10.000 lux (Gro-Lux fluorescent tubes), permanent illumination
Aeration: none
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EL50
Effect conc.:
> 50 mg/L
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
NOELR
Effect conc.:
100 mg/L
Executive summary:

Aim:

The aim of this test is to determine the effects of Tall oil on the growth of freshwater algae.

Results:

72-h EbL50:  > 100 mg/L (EL = Effective Loading)  

72-h ErL50: > 100 mg/L (EL = Effective Loading)

NOELR:     100 mg/L (NOELR = No Observed Effect Loading Rate)

Exposure concentrations of dissolved CTO components, determined by both TOC and GCMS analysis were relatively stable (within ± 20% of  initial values) over the 72-hour test period.  

Assessment: Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) of CTO Sample 3 caused acute toxic effects on Desmodesmus subspicatus. A 72-h EbL50 and ErL50 of  > 100 mg/L and a NOELR of 100 mg/L have been determined.

Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Justification for type of information:
See attached file for justification of read-across.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
49.3 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: 2-EHA
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
32 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: 2-EHA

Results related to nominal concentrations

-----------------------------------------

Effect values based on growth rate:

EµC10 (72 h) = 31.94 mg/l (CI 95 % = 22.90 - 44.56)

EµC10 (96 h) = 27.94 mg/l (CI 95 % = 17.81 - 43.83)

EµC50 (72 h) = 49.28 mg/l (CI 95 % = 37.91 - 64.06)

EµC50 (96 h) = 44.39 mg/l (CI 95 % = 31.42 - 62.71)

Effect values based on biomass:

EbC10 (72 h) = 32.54 mg/l (CI 95 % = 16.85 - 62.86)

EbC10 (96 h) = 24.50 mg/l (CI 95 % = 11.10 - 54.05)

EbC50 (72 h) = 60.51 mg/l (CI 95 % = 36.74 - 99.65)

EbC50 (96 h) = 40.62 mg/l (CI 95 % = 22.50 - 73.33)

Cell density values (cells * 10^3/ml):

Concentration (mg/l)    0 h   24 h   48 h   72 h   96 h

 0 (Control)           12     28     56    140    415

25                     12     28     55    128    290

50                     12     27     42     50     70

100                     12     17     17     13     13

250                     11     10     10      4      4

500                     12      8      4      4      4

500 (pH control)        12     23     31     52     75

Inhibition of growth rate and biomass after 72 and 96 h:

                               Inhibition (%)

                       Growth rate            Biomass

Concentration (mg/l)   72 h     96 h        72 h     96 h

 0 (Control)           --       --          --       --

25                     3.6     10.1         4.4     16.5

50                    41.9     50.2        41.1     69.4

100                    96.7     97.7        84.7     95.4

250                   100.0    100.0        97.5    100.0

500                   100.0    100.0       100.0    100.0

500 (pH control)       40.3     48.3        55.0     71.0  

Physico-chemical parameters:

 

                                 pH

Concentration (mg/l)        0 h        96 h

0 (Control)               7.83        7.92

25                        7.52        7.77

50                        7.19        7.45

100                        5.48        5.59

250                        4.25        4.30

500                        3.82        3.85

500 (pH control)           7.84        7.98

- the temperature was 24.8 °C in all test concentrations

Executive summary:

Not toxic to aquatic algae.

Description of key information

The hazard information on the substance is based on read across from Tall oil and 2-ethylhexanoic acid and reveals low toxicity. Furthermore, the source substances contain higher or similar concentrations of the constituents used for read across compared to the target substance. There are no scientific reasons indicating that the constituents of the substance can interact in a way that will influence the toxicological/ecotoxicological properties of the substance.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

Reaction mass of Fatty acids, tall oil, 2-ethylhexanoic acid and magnesium salts, based on the read-across results from 2 -EHA show a 72h EC50 value of 49,3 mg/L and an EC10 value of 32,0 mg/L.