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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to fish

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Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1 October 2002 to 13 December 2002
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
other: read-across target
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
- Sampling method: In duplicate, samples of the newly prepared (clean) control medium and the newly prepared (clean) exposure medium were taken at t = 0 h and t = 48 h. Two of the same spent media were sampled again at 24 h and 72 h. 100 mL samples were collected in 125 mL Nalgene bottles. One set of samples was transferred to the analytical laboratories immediately after sampling. All other samples were stored in a freezer.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: <-18 °C
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 0.3 g of test substance was weighed and transferred to an Erlenmeyer flask with a tap at the bottom. An aliquot of 3 litres of DSWL-E was added and the contents of the flask was stirred for 16 hours followed by 6 hours standing and 2 hours aeration. The aqueous phase was tapped off and the aerated for 2 hours.
- Controls: DSWL-E was used as a control
Test organisms (species):
Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Length at study initiation : 2.7 ± 0.20 cm
- Weight at study initiation : 0.17 ± 0.046 g
- Feeding during test The fish were not fed during the test

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): The fish were cultured under the same conditions as the test
Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Hardness:
209 mg/L
Test temperature:
24 ± 1 °C (23.0 - 24.2 °C measured in the control aquarium)
pH:
7.8 - 8.2
Dissolved oxygen:
Lowest value measured: 7.5 mg O2/L
Nominal and measured concentrations:
A water soluble fraction was prepared for the performance of the test. 0.04 - 0.18 mg/L of the test substance were measured using ICP-AES analysis.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Beakers
- Type : closed (covered with a watch glass)
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 2 L, all glass
- Aeration: The vessels were not aerated during the test
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency): The exposure media were replaced after 24 hours.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The groundwater was obtained from a locality near Linschoted (the Netherlands), HYDRON Medden Nederlan NV Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Total organic carbon: 1.55 mg/L
Composition:
6.05 mg/L CO2
164 mg/L Hydrocarbon dioxide
< 2 mg/L Carbonate
<1 mg/8.03 mg/L Silicate
0.004 mg/L Manganese
0.069 mg/L Fluoride
<1 mg/L Sulphate
1.22 mmol/L Na^+
0.20 mmol/L K^+
1.38 mmol/L Ca2^2+
0.71 mmol/L Mg^2+
2.81 mmol/L Cl^-
0.65 mmol/L SO4^2-
1.39 mmol/L HCO3^-
46.25 µmol/L B
1.82 µmol/L Mn
7.22 µmol/L Li
0.59 µmol/L Rb
0.57 µmol/L Sr
0.16 µmol/L Br
0.26 µmol/L Mo
0.10 µmol/L Cu
0.10 µmol/L Zn
0.04 µmol/L Co
0.02 µmol/L I
0.01 µmol/L Se
0.05 µmol/L V
0.36 µmol /L Fe
0.67 µmol/L Na2EDTA
- Conductivity: 26.7 Ms.m^-1
- Culture medium different from test medium: Culture medium was the same used in the test

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Dead and living animals were counted after 3, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The condition (swimming behaviour, colour or any other visual behavioural or morphological abnormalities) were assessed at the same time as mortality observations and compared with the control animals.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: The results of the range finding test indicated that no adverse effects were expected within the water solubility of the test substance. Therefore the test was carried out using a limited test prepared as the WSF (water soluble fraction) of the test substance.
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 0.09 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: LC50 of the test material is greater than the limit of solubility of the test substance. Aqueous solubility of the test material is between 0.05 and 0.18 mg/L
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: There were no abnormalities in the control medium or the WSF at the end of the test, and all fish were in good condition.
- Mortality of control: No mortalities occurred in the control
Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table 1: Results of chemical analysis

Dose

Measured Concentration mg/L

t = 0 h (clean)

t = 24 h (spent)

t = 48 h (clean)

t = 72 h (spent)

0

<0.04

<0.04

<0.04

<0.04

WSF

0.04

0.05

0.18

0.15

WSF

0.06

0.05

0.13

0.14

 

Table 2: Condition of the fish

Time (h)

Dose

0

WSF

0

10a

10a

3

10a

10b

24

10a

10b

48

10a

10b

72

10a

10b

96

10a

10b

a = Conditions of all fish, visually assessed, normal (=good)

b = Conditions of all fish, visually assessed, equal to that of the control fish

 

Table 3: Summary of results

Parameter

Effect

Dose

Measured concentration

3h LC50

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

24h LC50

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

48h LC50

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

72h LC50

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

96h LC50

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

96H LC100

Mortality

WSF

>aqueous solubility

96h NOEC

Mortality

WSF

≥aqueous solubility

96h NOEC

Condition

WSF

≥aqueous solubility

 

Table 4: Temperature measurements in control aquarium

Time (h)

Temperature (°C)

C

S

0

23

24

23.9

48

23

24

72

24.2

96

24.1

c = clean

s = spent

 

Table 5: pH and oxygen (mg/L) measurements

Time (h)

Concentration

0

WSF

pH

O2

pH

O2

C

S

C

S

C

S

C

S

0

8.1

8.7

8.1

8.6

3

7.5

24

7.9

7.9

8.6

8.0

8.2

7.9

8.6

8.2

48

8.2

7.8

8.8

7.8

8.2

7.9

8.7

8.3

72

8.2

7.9

8.7

7.9

8.2

7.9

8.8

8.3

96

7.9

7.9

7.9

8.1

c = clean

s = spent

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Under the conditions of the test, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance in zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio), was found to be greater than the water solubility of the test substance.
Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of the test substance to fish in Brachydanio rerio (zebra fish) was determined in a semi-static test conducted in accordance with OECD 203 and EU method C.1 and in line with GLP. Due to the insolubility of the test substance the study was performed with a water soluble fraction as a limit test. Under the conditions of the test, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance was found to be greater than the water solubility of the test substance.

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted on read-across material
Justification for type of information:
Read-across to structurally similar substance dioctyltin oxide (Public name: DOTO, CAS: 870-08-6, EC: 212-791-1), see attached justification.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 0.09 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: LC50 of the test material is greater than the limit of solubility of the test substance. Aqueous solubility of the test material is between 0.05 and 0.18 mg/L

Description of key information

Read-across to structurally similar substance DOTO (Dioctyltin oxide), CAS 870-08-6

Under the conditions of the test, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance was found to be greater than the water solubility of the test substance.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

Read-across to structurally similar substance DOTO (Dioctyltin oxide), CAS 870-08-6

The acute toxicity of the test substance to fish in Brachydanio rerio (zebra fish) was determined in a semi-static test conducted in accordance with OECD 203 and EU method C.1 and in line with GLP. Due to the insolubility of the test substance the study was performed with a water soluble fraction as a limit test. Under the conditions of the test, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance was found to be greater than the water solubility of the test substance.