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EC number: 700-330-1 | CAS number: 433733-92-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 30 June - 03 July 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 8692 (Water Quality - Fresh Water Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l.
- Sampling method: During the combined limit/range-finding test singular samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control.
Frequency: at t=0 h, t=24 h and t=72 h
Volume: 3 ml
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The batch of Anhydrothymidine tested was a white powder with a purity of 99.7% and completely soluble in test medium at the concentrations tested.
Preparation of test solutions started with the highest test solution of 100 mg/l. No special treatment was necessary to completely dissolve the test substance in the test medium. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the highest concentration in test medium. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless. - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name:
- Strain: NIVA CHL 1
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): In-house laboratory culture.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): not indicated
- Method of cultivation: Algae stock cultures were started by inoculating growth medium with algal cells from a pure culture on agar. The suspensions were continuously aerated and exposed to light in a climate room at a temperature of 21-24°C.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days before the start of the test
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): The pre-culture was maintained under the same conditions as used in the test.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
- Hardness:
- 0.24 mmol/l (24 mg CaCO3/l)
- Test temperature:
- 22.8 - 23.4°C
- pH:
- 8.0-8.1
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- See the table: "Concentrations of the test substance in test medium" below
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 ml, all-glass, containing 50 ml of test solution
- Type: open
- Initial cells density: 1 x 10*4 cells/ml.
- No. of organisms per vessel:
6 replicates of 100 mg/l and the control,
3 replicates of 0.10, 1.0 and 10 mg/l,
1 replicate of the highest concentration without algae,
1 replicate of each test concentration without algae,
1 extra replicate of each test group for sampling purposes.
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Milli-Q water (tap water purified by reverse osmosis (milli-RO) and subsequently passed over activated carbon and ion-exchange cartridges
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: 8.1 ± 0.2
- Photoperiod: Continuously using TLD-lamps of the type ‘Cool-white’ of 30 Watt, with a light intensity within the range of 82 to 93 E.m-2.s-1.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
pH
At the beginning and at the end of the test.
The pH of the solutions should preferably not deviate by more than 1.5 units during the test.
Temperature of medium
Continuously in a temperature control vessel.
Appearance of the cells
At the end of the final test microscopic observations were performed to verify a normal and healthy appearance of the inoculum culture and to observe for any abnormal appearance of the algae.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): none
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50:
The EC50 for growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) was 1.8 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 1.3 to 2.6 mg/l. The historical ranges for growth rate reduction lie between 0.82 and 2.3 mg/l. Hence, the ERC50: 0-72h for the present batch corresponds with this range.
The EC50 for yield inhibition (EYC50: 0-72h) was 0.79 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.51 to 1.2 mg/l. Historical ranges are not yet available. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, no reduction of growth rate or inhibition of yield was recorded at any of the concentrations of the tested substance.
The EC50 for both growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) and yield inhibition (EYC50: 0-72h) exceeded 100 mg/l, the regulatory limit concentration.
The NOEC for growth rate reduction and yield inhibition was 100 mg/l.
Reference
Concentrations of the test substance in test medium
Time of sampling |
Concentration |
|||
Nominal [mg/l] |
Analysed |
Relative to nominal |
Relative to initial |
|
0 |
0 |
3 |
n.a. |
|
100 |
102 |
102 |
||
100 2 |
105 |
105 |
||
24 |
0 |
3 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
100 |
103 |
103 |
101 |
|
100 2 |
109 |
109 |
104 |
|
72 |
0 |
3 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
100 |
104 |
104 |
103 |
|
100 2 |
107 |
107 |
102 |
1 Samples were stored in the freezer until the day of analysis.
2 Without algae.
3 A small response at the retention time of the test substance was observed. It was not considered to derive from the test samples since it was also observed in the analytical blanks.
n.a. Not applicable.
Percentage reduction of growth rate (total test period) and percentage inhibition of yield
Concentration |
Mean growth rate |
Yield (0-72 h) |
||
Anhydrothymidine |
|
|
|
|
(mg/l) |
µ (0-72 h) |
Reduction (%) |
x104 cells/ml |
Inhibition (%) |
Control |
0.08603 |
|
489.82 |
|
0.10 |
0.08574 |
0.3 |
479.11 |
2.2 |
1.0 |
0.08659 |
-0.7 |
509.45 |
-4.0 |
10 |
0.08609 |
-0.1 |
491.92 |
-0.4 |
100 |
0.08573 |
0.3 |
479.39 |
2.1 |
Description of key information
Under the conditions of the present study with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, no reduction of growth rate or inhibition of yield was recorded at any of the concentrations of the tested substance.
The EC50 for both growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) and yield inhibition (EYC50: 0-72h) exceeded 100 mg/l, the regulatory limit concentration.
The NOEC for growth rate reduction and yield inhibition was 100 mg/l.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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