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EC number: 290-714-0 | CAS number: 90218-39-6
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- April to June 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
see attached justification in section 13
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
Structural similar substances
Source: Direct Orange 39 (EC 215-397-8; CAS 1325-54-8)
Target; Direct Orange 57 (EC 290-714-0; CAS 90218-39-6)
3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
see attached justification in section 13
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- April to June 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Version / remarks:
- Directive 92/69 EEC B6
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- Data were already avilable
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Himalayan
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL, Biological Research Laboratories Ltd. Wölferstrasse 4, 4414 Füllinsdorf/Switzerland
- Age at study initiation:5-8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Control and Test Group: 341-489 g. Pretest 317-435g
- Housing: Individually
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): pelleted standard Kliba 342, Batch no 68/95 guinea pig breeding/maintenance diet, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Community tap water from F$üllinsdorf, ad libitum. Once weekly additional supply of ascorbic acid (1g/l) via the drinking water.
- Acclimation period:One week for the control and test group under test conditions after health examination. No acclimatization for the animals of the pretest. Only animals without any visible signs of illness were used for the study.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-23°C
- Humidity (%): 48-60%
- Air changes (per hr):10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12-hour lighs, 12 hour dark cyle- Route:
- intradermal
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 5% / 0.1 mL
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 1
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest technically applicable concentration used
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 25% / saturated filter paper (2*4 cm²)
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 8 for 48 h
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest concentration used causing mild-to-moderate skin irritation and well-tolerated systemically
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 15%
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 22 for 24 h
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- No. of animals per dose:
- Control group: 10 males in control group
Test group: 20 males in test group
Intradermal Pretest: 2 males.
Epidermal pretest: 4 males
I - Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
Intradermal: 5, 3 and 1% of the test article in bi-distilled water.
The resulting dermal reactions were assessed 24 hours later. For intradermal induction application a 5% test article dilution in bi-distilled water was selected.
Epidermal: 5, 10, 15, and 25% in bi-distilled water.
25% in bi-distilled water was most qualified concentration to assure an optimum technical application procedure
For the epidermal induction and challenge procedure the test article at 25% in bi-distilled water was selected for the induction application and that of a concentration of 15% was selected for the challenge application.
MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: 1 intrdermal + 1 epidermal
- Exposure period: Day 1; Day 8 to 10
- Test groups: 1
- Control group: 1
- Site: neck
- Frequency of applications:
Intradermal on both sides of the neck
Test Group: 1) 1:1 (v/v) mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and physiological saline.
2) The test article, diluted to 5% with bi-distilled water.
3) The test article diluted to 5% by emulsion in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and physiological saline.
Control Group: 1) 1:1 (v/v) mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and physiological saline.
2) Bi-distilled water
3) 1:1 (w/w) mixture of bi-distilled water in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and physiological saline.
Epidermal:25% in bidistilled water; or only bidistilled water
- Duration: 48 h
- Concentrations: 5 and 25%
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: 1 test item + 1 vehicle
- Day(s) of challenge: Day 22
- Exposure period: 24 h
- Test groups: 1
- Control group: 1
- Site: flanks
- Concentrations: 0 and 15%
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): 24 and 48 h after patch removal
OTHER:
Approximately 21 hours after removal of the dressing the test sites treated with the test article were depilated with an approved depilatory cream (VEET Cream, Reckitt & Colman AG, CH-4123 Allschwil). The cream was placed on the patch sites for 3-5 minutes and then washed off with a stream of warm running water. When the application sites were clean and any stains from the test article removed the animals were dried with a disposable paper towel and returned to their cages.
OBSERVATIONS
In addition to the sensitizing reactions the following observations and data were recorded during the test and observation period:
Viability/Mortality daily during the observation period
Clinical Signs daily during the observation period (local/systemic)
Skin reactions at the times specified during the induction and challenge periods.
Body Weights at the beginning of the acclimatization period, at day one and at the termination of the test - Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester and 2- mercaptobenyothiazol
- Positive control results:
- For validation of sensitivity of the Maximization-Test of B. Magnusson and A.M. Kligman (1969) as well as the sensitivity of the test system used, a known sensitizer (2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL) was selected as a positive control.
In this study 95% and 90% of the animals of the test group were observed with positive skin reactions at the 24- and 48-hour reading respectively after treatment with a non-irritant test substance concentration of 5% in peanut oil. No skin reactions were observed in the control group. The results obtained with the test article at 10% in peanut oil were not taken into consideration since the both control group were observed with erythematous reactions.
For validation of sensitivity of the Maximization-Test of B. Magnusson and A.M. Kligman (1969) as well as the sensitivity of the test system used, a known mild sensitizer was selected as a positive control (4-AMIN0BENZ0IC ACID ETHYL ESTER). In this study 30% and 35% of the animals of the test group were observed with positive skin reactions after treatment with a non-irritant test substance concentration of 30% in mineral oil. No skin reactions were observed in the control group.
The response of at least 30% positive animals is considered positive "R43" following the "Commission Directive 93/21/EEC, April 27, 1993 adapting to technical progress for the 18th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances".
The test article 2-MERCAPTO-BENZOTHIAZOL at concentration of 5% in peanut oil is considered according to the rating of allergenicity by Magnusson and Kligman as an extreme sensitizer.
The test article 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER at concentration of 30% in mineral oil is considered according to the rating of allergenicity by Magnusson and Kligman as a moderate sensitizer. - Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 15%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 15%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 15% in bi-distilled water.
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 15% in bi-distilled water.
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle, bi-distilled water
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle, bi-distilled water
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 5% 2-mercapto-benzothiazol
- No. with + reactions:
- 19
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 5% 2-mercapto-benzothiazol
- No. with + reactions:
- 18
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The test article at concentration of 15% in bi-distilled water is considered to be a non-sensitizer in guinea pigs
- Executive summary:
To assess the allergenic potential of the substance in albino guinea pigs the Maximization-Test of Magnusson and Kligman was used according to OECD test guideline 406. Ten males were used as control group and 20 males were used as test group.
Before the test procedure a pretest was performed in order to identify a maximally tolerated concentration of the test article suitable for the induction phase of the main study. In addition, a suitable non-irritant concentration of the test article, by the topical route of administration, was identified for the challenge application.
The pretest was performed with intradermal (0.1 ml/site, at concentrations of 1, 3 and 5% of the test article in bi-distilled water) and epidermal induction (5, 10, 15 and 25% of test material in bi-distilled water).
The results of the pretest were:
- For intradermal induction application a 5% test article dilution in bi-distilled water was selected.
- For the epidermal induction procedure, the test article at 25% in bi-distilled water was selected and for the challenge procedure, a concentration of 15% in bi-distilled was selected for the challenge application.
In this study 0% of the animals of the test group were observed with positive skin reactions after treatment with a non-irritant test substance concentration of 15% in bi-distilled water. No skin reactions were observed in the control group. According to the rating of allergenicity by Magnusson and Kligman the test article is considered a non-sensitizer.
VIABILITY / MORTALITY / MACROSCOPIC FINDINGS: As there were no deaths during the course of the treatment period no necropsies were performed.
CLINICAL SIGNS, SYSTEMIC: No symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals.
BODY WEIGHTS: Two out of 10 animals of the control group (nos. 325, 330) and one out of 20 animals of the test group (no. 346) incidentally lost weight during the acclimatization period. No weight loss was observed during treatment period.
Data source
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- Data were already avilable
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-nitro-, reaction products with 4-[(4-aminophenyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid, reduced, oxidized, potassium sodium salts
- EC Number:
- 290-714-0
- EC Name:
- Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-nitro-, reaction products with 4-[(4-aminophenyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid, reduced, oxidized, potassium sodium salts
- Cas Number:
- 90218-39-6
- Molecular formula:
- C38H24N8Na4O12S4
- IUPAC Name:
- tetrasodium 2-[(1E)-2-{2-sulfonato-4-[(1E)-2-{4-[(1E)-2-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazen-1-yl]phenyl}diazen-1-yl]phenyl}ethenyl]-5-[(1E)-2-{4-[(1E)-2-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazen-1-yl]phenyl}diazen-1-yl]benzene-1-sulfonate
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Himalayan
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL, Biological Research Laboratories Ltd. Wölferstrasse 4, 4414 Füllinsdorf/Switzerland
- Age at study initiation:5-8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Control and Test Group: 341-489 g. Pretest 317-435g
- Housing: Individually
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): pelleted standard Kliba 342, Batch no 68/95 guinea pig breeding/maintenance diet, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Community tap water from F$üllinsdorf, ad libitum. Once weekly additional supply of ascorbic acid (1g/l) via the drinking water.
- Acclimation period:One week for the control and test group under test conditions after health examination. No acclimatization for the animals of the pretest. Only animals without any visible signs of illness were used for the study.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-23°C
- Humidity (%): 48-60%
- Air changes (per hr):10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12-hour lighs, 12 hour dark cyle
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- intradermal
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 5% / 0.1 mL
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 1
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest technically applicable concentration used
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 25% / saturated filter paper (2*4 cm²)
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 8 for 48 h
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest concentration used causing mild-to-moderate skin irritation and well-tolerated systemically
Challenge
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- 15%
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 22 for 24 h
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester and 2- mercaptobenyothiazol
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- For validation of sensitivity of the Maximization-Test of B. Magnusson and A.M. Kligman (1969) as well as the sensitivity of the test system used, a known sensitizer (2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL) was selected as a positive control.
In this study 95% and 90% of the animals of the test group were observed with positive skin reactions at the 24- and 48-hour reading respectively after treatment with a non-irritant test substance concentration of 5% in peanut oil. No skin reactions were observed in the control group. The results obtained with the test article at 10% in peanut oil were not taken into consideration since the both control group were observed with erythematous reactions.
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 15%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 15%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 15% in bi-distilled water.
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 15% in bi-distilled water.
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle, bi-distilled water
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle, bi-distilled water
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 5% 2-mercapto-benzothiazol
- No. with + reactions:
- 19
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 5% 2-mercapto-benzothiazol
- No. with + reactions:
- 18
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
Any other information on results incl. tables
VIABILITY / MORTALITY / MACROSCOPIC FINDINGS: As there were no deaths during the course of the treatment period no necropsies were performed.
CLINICAL SIGNS, SYSTEMIC: No symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals.
BODY WEIGHTS: Two out of 10 animals of the control group (nos. 325, 330) and one out of 20 animals of the test group (no. 346) incidentally lost weight during the acclimatization period. No weight loss was observed during treatment period.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The test article at concentration of 15% in bi-distilled water is considered to be a non-sensitizer in guinea pigs
- Executive summary:
To assess the allergenic potential of the substance in albino guinea pigs the Maximization-Test of Magnusson and Kligman was used according to OECD test guideline 406. Ten males were used as control group and 20 males were used as test group.
Before the test procedure a pretest was performed in order to identify a maximally tolerated concentration of the test article suitable for the induction phase of the main study. In addition, a suitable non-irritant concentration of the test article, by the topical route of administration, was identified for the challenge application.
The pretest was performed with intradermal (0.1 ml/site, at concentrations of 1, 3 and 5% of the test article in bi-distilled water) and epidermal induction (5, 10, 15 and 25% of test material in bi-distilled water).
The results of the pretest were:
- For intradermal induction application a 5% test article dilution in bi-distilled water was selected.
- For the epidermal induction procedure, the test article at 25% in bi-distilled water was selected and for the challenge procedure, a concentration of 15% in bi-distilled was selected for the challenge application.
In this study 0% of the animals of the test group were observed with positive skin reactions after treatment with a non-irritant test substance concentration of 15% in bi-distilled water. No skin reactions were observed in the control group. According to the rating of allergenicity by Magnusson and Kligman the test article is considered a non-sensitizer.
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Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
