Potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonate

Toxic effects on livestock and pets

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxic effects on livestock and pets

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

2012

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Absorption, Distribution, and Milk Secretion of the Perfluoroalkyl Acids PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS, and PFOA by Dairy Cows Fed Naturally Contaminated Feed

Author:

Kowalczyk, J; Ehler, S; Oberhausen, A; Tischer, M; Furst, P; Schafft, H; Lahrssen-Wiederholt, M

Year:

2013

Bibliographic source:

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61: 2903-2912.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

- Principle of test: The transfer of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from feed into tissue and milk of dairy cows was investigated.
- Short description of test conditions: Holstein cows (n = 6) were fed a PFAA-contaminated feed for 28 days. After the PFAA-feeding period, three cows were slaughtered while the others were fed PFAA-free feed for another 21 days (depuration period).
- Parameters analysed / observed: For PFAA analysis plasma, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue, urine, and milk were sampled and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).

GLP compliance:

no

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonate

EC Number:

249-616-3

EC Name:

Potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonate

Cas Number:

29420-49-3

Molecular formula:

C4HF9O3S.K

IUPAC Name:

potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: The cows were fed feed that was naturally contaminated with perfluroalkyl acids.

Test animals

Species:

cow

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
Six lactating cows (Holstein Friesian) with an average body weight (bw) of 583 ± 31 kg were housed at the experimental farm of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR).

During the PFAA-feeding period, the experimental diet contained PFAA-contaminated grass silage (68.4 +/- 23.1 ug/kg PFBS) and hay (993.6 +/- 224.4 ug/kg PFBS), which grew on a PFAA-contaminated farmland in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Administration / exposure

Route of exposure:

other: Oral: Naturally contaminated feed.

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on exposure:

PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:

DIET: During the PFAA-feeding period, the experimental diet contained PFAA-contaminated grass silage (68.4 +/- 23.1 ug/kg PFBS) and hay (993.6 +/- 224.4 ug/kg PFBS), which grew on a PFAA-contaminated farmland in Lower Saxony, Germany. The individual intake of grass silage and hay was quantified every day. For determination of PFAA intake, grass silage and hay were separately mixed every 4 days to representative samples of those four consecutive days.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

(LOD 0.2 ug/kg)

Duration of treatment / exposure:

28 Days

Frequency of treatment:

Daily

Post exposure period:

21 days

Doses / concentrations

Dose / conc.:

3.4 other: ug/kg bw

Remarks:

Average daily intake of the cows was 3.4+/- 0.7 ug/kg body weight.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

6 females

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

The individual intake of grass silage and hay was quantified every day. For determination of PFAA intake, grass silage and hay were separately mixed every 4 days to representative samples of those four consecutive days.

Sacrifice and pathology:

After the PFAA-feeding period, three cows were slaughtered while the others were fed PFAA-free feed for another 21 days (depuration period).

For PFAA analysis plasma, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue, urine, and milk were sampled and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).

Results and discussion

Details on results:

Average daily PFBS intake of the cows was 3.4+/- 0.7 ug/kg body weight. The very low concentration of PFBS in plasma (1.8 +/-0.8 ug/L), milk (0.016 +/-0.041 ug/L), liver (0.3 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) and kidney (1.0 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) at the end of the uptake period and the relatively high urinary excretion support the conclusion that PFBS does not accumulate in the body of dairy cows. The first sample taken after the beginning of depuration, which was day 3, showed no PFBS in the plasma or milk of the animals.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The very low concentration of PFBS in plasma (1.8 +/-0.8 ug/L), milk (0.016 +/-0.041 ug/L), liver (0.3 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) and kidney (1.0 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) at the end of the uptake period and the relatively high urinary excretion support the conclusion that PFBS does not accumulate in the body of dairy cows. The first sample taken after the beginning of depuration, which was day 3, showed no PFBS in the plasma or milk of the animals.

Executive summary:

The transfer of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from feed into tissue and milk of dairy cows was investigated. Holstein cows (n = 6) were fed a PFAA-contaminated feed for 28 days. After the PFAA-feeding period, three cows were slaughtered while the others were fed PFAA-free feed for another 21 days (depuration period). During the PFAA-feeding period, the experimental diet contained PFAA-contaminated grass silage (68.4 +/- 23.1 ug/kg PFBS) and hay (993.6 +/- 224.4 ug/kg PFBS), which grew on a PFAA-contaminated farmland in Lower Saxony, Germany. The individual intake of grass silage and hay was quantified every day. For determination of PFAA intake, grass silage and hay were separately mixed every 4 days to representative samples of those four consecutive days. For PFAA analysis plasma, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue, urine, and milk were sampled and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Average daily PFBS intake of the cows was 3.4+/- 0.7 ug/kg body weight. The very low concentration of PFBS in plasma (1.8 +/-0.8 ug/L), milk (0.016 +/-0.041 ug/L), liver (0.3 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) and kidney (1.0 +/- 0.3 ug/kg ww) at the end of the uptake period and the relatively high urinary excretion support the conclusion that PFBS does not accumulate in the body of dairy cows. The first sample taken after the beginning of depuration, which was day 3, showed no PFBS in the plasma or milk of the animals.