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EC number: 269-075-7 | CAS number: 68187-15-5 An inorganic pigment that is the reaction product of high temperature calcination in which praseodymium (III) oxide, praseodymium (IV) oxide, silicon oxide, and zirconium (IV) oxide in varying amounts are homogeneously and ionically interdiffused to form a crystalline matrix of zircon. Its composition may include any one or a combination of the modifiers alkali or alkaline earth halides.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2010-10-18 to 2010-10-21
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Remarks:
- - chemical analysis not reported; -test solutions were only stirred for < 3 days instead of shaken for 7 days (to collect 7-d T/D fraction of metal substances in accordance with CLP acute hazard criteria and OECD Series 29); - temperature not in range of 21-24°C (controlled at ± 2°C) but ranged from 23.0 – 26.3 °C.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- signed 2009-06-19
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Zirconium praseodymium yellow zircon
- EC Number:
- 269-075-7
- EC Name:
- Zirconium praseodymium yellow zircon
- Cas Number:
- 68187-15-5
- Molecular formula:
- Pr(x)Zr(1-x)SiO4 0,03≤x≤0,09
- IUPAC Name:
- silicon(4+) zirconium(4+) λ⁴-praseodymium(4+) dipraseodymium(3+) nonaoxidandiide
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name: Colorante amarillo
- EC Name: Zirconium Praseodymium Yellow Zircon
- Substance type: inorganic pigment
- Physical state: solid, yellow powder, odourless
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION:
Prior to the start of the test, a solution of 100 mg/L was prepared by direct weighting into algal culture medium (0.1007 g of test item into 1000 mL of algal culture medium). The obtained solution showed yellow insoluble dust, therefore it was mixed by the means of a magnetic stirrer (Magnetic stirrer type AGE, Velp Scientific, ChemService code No. 453) for about 65 hours to reach the maximum solubilisation of test item, then the obtained suspension was filtered by a glass filtering system (45µm filter pore) to obtain a clear solution, used as test medium.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata strain
- Strain:
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): cultured in the ChemService laboratory and originally purchased from the Institute of Plant Physiology of the University of Göttingen, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation):
- Method of cultivation:
CULTIVATION/ACCLIMATION
The algae were cultured in a temperature controlled room at 24.0 °C ± 2.0 °C under continuous uniform illumination of approximately 6000 Lux in the spectral range 400-700 nm. The culture medium was the same of the test medium; the stock cultures were weekly transferred to fresh medium and maintained in continuous shaking to ensure the necessary amount of CO2 and to keep algae in suspension. Cultures containing deformed or abnormal cells were discarded. Only exponentially growing algal cultures have been used to start the test.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- The ambient temperature under the lights was continuously measured by the mean of a data logger. It was in the range 23.0 – 26.3 °C during the test period.
- pH:
- At the beginning of the test period, the pH of the test medium was 8.07 for the test item and 8.11 for the control while the pH mean values at the end of the test were, respectively, 9.48 for the control and 9.52 for test item solution.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test item concentration: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: For the test concentration and for the negative control, 100 mL capacity conical glass flasks capped with air permeable stoppers were used.
- Initial cells density: At the start of the test, 50 mL of test solution were poured into the test flasks and inoculated with algae to obtain a starting cell density of around 10E4 cells/mL
- Cell density of the inoculum: 10E6 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 202 * 10E4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water
- Conductivity: conductivity < 5 µScm-1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH was measured in the test item solution and in the algal culture medium at the beginning of the test and in each test flask at the end of the test. Mean values over the replicates are reported.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: light intensity was ranged between 4953 and 4985 Lux (Lux-meter , Testo 545, ChemService code No. 252)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Algal cell density was measured every 24 hours by fluorescent reading with a spectrofluorophotometer (Spectrofluorophotometer Shimadzu RF-1501, ChemService code No. 99) in few millilitre samples taken from each test concentration replicate and from controls.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: Since no adverse effects were showed from range-finding test, the main study was carried out at the only nominal concentration of 100 mg/L (Limit Test), a negative control with algal culture medium only was also tested. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol pestanal analytical standard
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid are valid
- EC50: 4.40 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The CETIS v.1.026D software was used to carry out the statistical analysis which automatically selects the most appropriated statistic analysis. The statistical comparison with the control at each observation time was determined by Bonferroni adjusted test for both the endpoints, growth rate and yield, after analyzing the normality of distribution and the homogeneity of variance by Shapiro-Wilk and Barlett’s test respectively. The EyCx and the ErCx values were determined by a linear interpolation analysis, chosen by the PC software as more appropriate.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Temperature range: 23.0 - 26.3 °C instead of 21- 24.0 ± 2.0 °C (OECD 201), Chemical analysis not reported, 3-d stirring of solutions instead of 7-d shaking (to collect 7-d T/D fraction of metal substances acc to CLP acute hazard criteria & OECD Series 29)
- Conclusions:
- The toxicity of the test item Zirconium praseodymium yellow zircon was tested on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The EC10, EC20 and EC50 for growth rate and for yield were determined to be greater than the nominal tested concentration of 100.0 mg/L.
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