Copper chloride

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study, GLP.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2005

Report date:

2005

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Copper monochloride

IUPAC Name:

Copper monochloride

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Copper chloride

EC Number:

231-842-9

EC Name:

Copper chloride

Cas Number:

7758-89-6

Molecular formula:

Cl Cu

IUPAC Name:

λ¹-copper(1+) chloride

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Copper monochloride
Analytical purity: 97 %
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Lot. No. 14014JB

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 11.6 mg test substance were dissolved in DMSO and the mixture was filled up with sterile medium to 5 ml (concentration of stock solution: 2.250 mg/l). The stock solutions for test concentrations were prepared by serial dilution.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): DMSO
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): 67 mg/l

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): obtained from American Type Culture Collection (12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20852) and
cultured at Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT till test start.
- Strain No: ATCC 22662

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

23.0 - 23.1 °C

pH:

pH 7.65 - 8.36 at test start
and pH 7.81 - 7.97 at test termination

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration:
Control, Solvent control, 0.0094, 0.019, 0.038, 0.075, and 0.15 mg/L

Mean measured concentrations (Nominal concentrations 0.038, 0.075, and 0.15 mg/L were analysed):
test start: 90 %, 67.2 %, 45.5 %
test end: 96.8 %, 70.0 %, 41.6 %

The concentrations of test substance were analyzed in control, solvent control, 0.0094, 0.019, 0.038, 0.075, and 0.15 mg/L of test solutions at the beginning (0 hr) and at the end (72 hrs) of the test. The concentration of copper in the 0.0094 and 0.019 mg/L of test solution were not detected because the limit of detection (LOD) of this instrument (ICP-AES) is 0.01 mg/L. Nominal concentrations were 0.038, 0.075 and 0.15 mg/L and measured concentrations were 0.0368, 0.0525 and 0.0624 mg/L above the detection limit. The measured concentrations remained 41.6 - 91.8% of the nominal concentrations.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Dill volume: 150 ml
- Initial cells density: 1 x 10E4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 3

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: OECD Medium

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: 7,814 - 8,290 Lux

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: The cell concentration in each flask was determined at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours with ×200 or ×400 microscope (Leica MPS 32).

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.038 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.058 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

0.075 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The EC50 value and NOECs were calculated by Linear interpolation, Tidepool Scientific Software (TOXCALC Version 5.0.12) and Dunnett’s test, respectively.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Some test solutions could not be analyzed because the concentrations of
them were under the LOD, so all results were expressed as nominal
concentration.


Test results for copper monochloride of Selenastrum capricornutum during  72 hrs (Unit; mg/L)

Endpoint values		Growth rate	Biomass
-------------------------------------------------------------------
EC50			0.058		0.057
NOEC			0.038		0.038
LOEC			0.075		0.075
-------------------------------------------------------------------