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EC number: 279-087-4 | CAS number: 79135-87-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- September from the 06th to the 29th, 1989
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Justification for read across is detailed in section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted on 4 April, 1984
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- 213.1 mg of test substance was quantitatively added to 200 ml medium providing a stock solution of 1000 mg/l. From this solution 2 x 100 ml was taken and as such tested.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Species: Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820).
- Breeding: synchronously in DSW with a density of 25 daphnia per litre in a climate room.
- Age of the culture: maxium of 4 weeks.
- Renewal of the culture: after 7 days of cultivation half of the volume medium twice a week.
- Validity: frequent inspection of the culture with respect to number of young, appearance of young and parental daphnia and global feeding behaviour.
- Control of sensitivity: in a 24-hour reference test with potassium dichromate.
- Type and amount of food: a suspension of fresh water algae.
- Feeding frequency: once a day.
- Temperature: 20 ± 2 °C - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Test temperature:
- Range from 19.0 to 19.5 .
- pH:
- Range from 8.3 to 8.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Range from 8.7 to 9.0 mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1000 mg/l nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: all-glass; 250 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration: 2 replicates
- Introduction of young daphnia: into the test medium within ca. 10 minutes after preparation of the test media.
- Feeding: no.
- Controls: blank (test medium without test substance or other additives).
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Preparation of dilution water: Dutch standard water (DSW) formulated using Milli-Q water, according to Adema (Adema D.M.M., 1980).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light per day.
- Room temperature: 19.0 - 20.5 °C
RANGE FINDING
First, a range finding experiment was performed exposing Daphnia magna for 24 hours to the concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l. Based on the results, it was decided to perform a limit study exposing Daphnia magna for 24 hours to 1000 mg/l of the test substance. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- After 24 hours of exposure no immobilisation was observed at 1000 mg/l.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The reference substance was tested at the same time as the final test of the test substance, using daphnia from the same culture.
The 24-hour EC50 was 1.71 mg/l (95 % confidence interval 1.54 - 2.03 mg/l, slope 12.9), which is within the expected range: 0.56 - 1.91 mg/l (n=20). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- in the control <10 % of the daphnids immobilised; dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test >3 mg/l in control and test vessels
- Conclusions:
- EC50 (24 h) > 1000 mg/l (nominal)
- Executive summary:
A 24-hours acute toxicity limit-test was performed on Daphnia magna, according to OECD 202 (1984). First, a range finding experiment was performed exposing Daphnia magna for 24 hours to the concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l. Based on the results, in the main test, organisms were exposed to a solution of 1000 mg/l of the test substance and after 24 hours of exposure mortality was checked. At the end of the test no immobilisation was observed at 1000 mg/l.
After 24 hours of exposure no immobilisation was observed at 1000 mg/l.
Conclusion
EC50 (24 h) > 1000 mg/l (nominal)
Reference
Overall of results
Test vessel | No of organisms | No of immobile organisms (24 h) |
Control | 10 | 0 |
Control | 10 | 0 |
Test item 1000 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Test item 1000 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Potassium dichromate 0 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Potassium dichromate 0.32 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Potassium dichromate 0.56 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Potassium dichromate 1.00 mg/l | 10 | 0 |
Potassium dichromate 1.80 mg/l | 10 | 6 |
Potassium dichromate 3.20 mg/l | 10 | 10 |
Oxygen and temperature conditions
Concentration [mg/l] | Start (t=0) | End (t=24) | ||
pH | O2 [mg/l] | pH | O2 [mg/l] | |
0 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 9 |
0 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 9 |
1000 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 9 |
1000 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 9 |
Description of key information
Not harmful/toxic for short-term exposure to invertebrates
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There is no information about the short-term toxicity potential to invertebrates of Optical Brightener 380, therefore, the available data on the structural analogous Similar Substance 01 have been taken into consideration. The read across approach can be considered reliable and appropriate to investigate the property (details for the approach are included into the IUCLID section 13).
A 24-hours acute toxicity limit-test was performed with Similar Substance 01 on Daphnia magna, according to OECD 202 (1984). Organisms were exposed to a solution of 1000 mg/l of the test substance and after 24 hours of exposure mortality was checked. At the end of the test no immobilisation was observed at 1000 mg/l.
The followed guideline has been modified subsequently the performance of the experiment: the exposure time was raised from 24 to 48 hours and a limit-test at a concentration of 100 mg/l was introduced. Despite the reduction of the exposure time, the test substance concentration was ten fold greater than the currently required value for the limit-test, thus even a more conservative a worst case scenario was evaluated. Exposure time is an essential factor, however, an increase of 24 hours exposure is reasonably not expected to lower the determined LC50 by a whole order of magnitude. For these reasons, the test can be considered as representative for the endpoint.
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