Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 200-848-3 | CAS number: 75-20-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2000
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Justification for type of information:
- As calcium carbide instantly hydrolyses to Ca(OH)2 and C2H2 upon contact with water/moisture the assessment is based on the degradation products. For details please refer to the read across report in section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #1
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 37.6 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.1
- % Org. carbon:
- ca. 0
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #2
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 41.96 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.1
- % Org. carbon:
- ca. 0
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #3
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 49.1 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.1
- % Org. carbon:
- ca. 0
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #4
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 5.3 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.1
- % Org. carbon:
- ca. 0
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #5
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 16.97 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.1
- % Org. carbon:
- ca. 0
- Adsorption and desorption constants:
- Experiment 1:
- Sample 1:
* Sorbed: 0.0564 cmolc Ca/kg
* Not-sorbed: 15.0 µmol Ca/L
* Kd: 37.6 l/kg
- Sample 2:
* Sorbed: 0.0944 cmolc Ca/kg
* Not-sorbed: 22.5 µmol Ca/L
* Kd: 41.96 l/kg
- Sample 3:
* Sorbed: 0.106 cmolc Ca/kg
* Not-sorbed: 21.6 µmol Ca/L
* Kd: 49.1 l/kg
- Sample 4:
* Sorbed: 0.0284 cmolc Ca/kg
* Not-sorbed: 53.4 µmol Ca/L
* Kd: 5.3 l/kg
Experiment 2:
The Kd was only calculated for the 0.218 mM CaCl2 (total Ca2+ in system: 244.6 µmol/L; adsorption experiment at soil pH, i.e. at a pH of ca. 5.1):
* Sorbed: 31.74 mg Ca/kg
* In solution: 1.87 mg Ca/L
* Kd: 16.97 l/kg. - Transformation products:
- not measured
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Kd values were calculated for the adsorption of Ca2+ to soil particles from the B horizon of a podzolized soil.
In the first step, Ca2+ in soil solution and extractable Ca2+ was measured in 4 centrifuged samples of the soil. Respective Kd values range between 5.3 and 49.1 L/kg.
In the second step, the B2 horizon of the same soil was treated with different solutions (with or without CaCl2 and/or HCl). The respective Kd value was calculated to be 16.97 L/kg at a pH of approximately 5.1. - Executive summary:
In this experiment the soil water from the B2 horizon of Hyytiälä soil (podzolised soil) was analysed after centrifugation from soil samples for (amongst others) the concentration of Ca2+ cations (analysis were conducted on several samples obtained at 4 sampling occasions) in a first step (=experiment 1). In addition, extractable Ca2+ was measured by bulking the centrifuges samples, and subsequent extraction with BaCl2.
In a second step (=experiment 2), batch equilibrium experiments were conducted to determine the adsorption and desorption of Ca in the B2 horizon of the Hyytiälä soil: 2 g of soil was shaken for 8 days with 20 mL of different solutions with or without Ca (0.218 mM CaCl2) and increasing pH levels.
Subsequently, Kd values were calculated for the adsorption of Ca2+ to soil particles from the B horizon. In the first experiment Kd values range between 5.3 and 49.1 L/kg. In the second experiment, the Kd value was calculated to be 16.97 L/kg.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2001
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Justification for type of information:
- As calcium carbide instantly hydrolyses to Ca(OH)2 and C2H2 upon contact with water/moisture the assessment is based on the degradation products. For details please refer to the read across report in section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Key result
- Sample No.:
- #1
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 11.3 L/kg
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: No data on organic carbon content.
- Adsorption and desorption constants:
- Kd = 11.3 L/kg for Ca2+
Log Kd = 1.05 - Transformation products:
- not measured
- Details on results (Batch equilibrium method):
- The soil pH changed quickly (less than 5 min) when treated with the leachate (pH = 12) to an equilibrium value (pH = 6.5).
For equilibrium, for the experimental conditions used (ratio soil/leachate 1/4), the distribution coefficients between the soil and the
liquid leachate could be established for Ca2+: Kd = 11.3 L/kg. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Batch equilibrium experiments were performed with agricultural soil and a leachate obtained from sewage sludge. The leachate was obtained by simulating rainfall on lime-stabilized (20 % CaO) sludge.
In the course of the 6-h batch equilibrium experiment, Ca2+ cations from the leachate were adsorbed to soil particles.
The respective Kd value for Ca2+ was calculated to be 11.3 L/kg.
Although the pH of the leachate was quite high due to the added lime, the high buffer capacity of the soil maintained the soil pH. - Executive summary:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an industrial lime-stabilized sludge deposited on an acid soil.
In a first step a leachate form the sludge was obtained by simulating leaching due to rainfall from sludge deposited over soil. The leachate was then analysed for its cation composition (Ca, Na, K, Mg, Ni, Zn).
In a second step batch equilibrium experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption behaviour of the cations from the leachate to soil particles during a 6 hour time period.
In the course of the 6-h batch equilibrium experiment, Ca2+ cations from the leachate were adsorbed to soil particles. The respective Kd value for Ca2+ was calculated to be 11.3 L/kg.
Although the pH of the leachate was quite high due to the added lime, the high buffer capacity of the soil maintained the soil pH.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance has a low octanol water partition coefficient and the adsorption potential of this substance is related to this parameter
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance and its relevant degradation products decompose rapidly
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
In contact with water/soil moisture calcium carbide instantly hydrolysis to calcium hydroxide and acetylene. Thus these two compounds are relevant in for the assessment of the environmental fate.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In contact with water/soil moisture calcium carbide instantly hydrolysis to calcium hydroxide and acetylene. Thus these two compounds are relevant in the assessment of the environmental fate.
Calcium hydoxide:
Two studies are publically available that investigate the adosrption/desorption behaviour of calcium to soil.
In the first study the adsoprtion of Ca2+ to the B2 horizon of podzolided soil was determined. Repsective Kd values range between 5.3 and 49.1 L/kg.
In the second experiment, the Kd value of Ca2+ adsorption to soil particles was calculated to be 11.3 L/kg and thus is within the range of the Kd values determined in the first study.
It can be concluded that the adsorption of Ca+2 to soil is rather low.
Acetylene has a very low log Kow (0.37). In addition, the substance is a gas with high vapour pressure and high Henry Law constant1 and will not remain in the water phase/soil pore water. Thus, significant adsorption of acetylene to soil and sediments is not expected.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
1Solubilty in water: 1200 mg/L; vapour pressure: 4.04 x 10^4 mm Hg at 25 °C (Daubert, T.E., R.P. Danner. Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compilation. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis, 1989; cited in HSDB)
=> approximate Henry Law constant = vapour pressure/ aqueous solubility = 5386224 Pa / 46.08 mol/m³ = ~ 116,900 Pa m³/mol
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.