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EC number: 201-137-0 | CAS number: 78-73-9
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
No toxicity observed even at highest concentration level tested.
RA_CAS 67-48-1_Leuciscus idus_DIN 38412: LC50(96h) > 10000 mg/L, NOEC(96h): 10000 mg/L (applies for 78 % and 50 % Choline Chloride)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 10 000 mg/L
Additional information
Short-term toxicity to fish was not investigated with the target substance Choline hydrogen carbonate. Valid experimental results are available for the reliable read-across substance Choline chloride (CAS 67-48-1). Both substances belong to the group of quaternary amine salts (more specific: choline salts, i.e. (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium salts), which will dissociate immediately in aqueous environment. Choline and its metabolites are important for different functions in the body of animate beings and thus a naturally occurring compound. Thus, the substance characteristics of both substances are comparable. For the detailed justification of this procedure, please refer to the separate read-across statement by Chemservice S.A. (2013).
Choline chloride (with an active ingredient content of 78 %) was tested for its toxicity towards the freshwater fish Leuciscus idus (Golden orfe) with an exposure time of 96 hours (BASF AG, 1988). The experiment was conducted equivalent to the national guideline DIN 38412. After a range-finding study (LC50(96h) > 10000 mg/L), two concentration were fixed as followed: 5000 mg/L and 10000 mg/L. The concentrations exceeded the normal upper limit for acute studies because it was the aim to test higher concentrations for classification of hazards to water. The test substance was added to the test water without any pretreatment, based on its easily solubility. Chloroacetamide served as positive control, resulting in a LC50(48h) of about 32 mg/L. This lethal concentration corresponds to the normal sensitivity. The test temperature was set at 21 °C and the pH was around 8. 10 animals per concentration were used, a control was also included. Thus, the biomass loading rate was 4.7 g/L. Probit analysis was used as statistical method. Neither any abnormalities nor mortality was recorded during the experiment. The LC50(96h) can be considered to be > 10000 mg/L and the NOEC(96h): 10000 mg/L.
The same results are reported in an experiment conducted under identical conditions with 50 % Choline chloride (BASF AG, 1988).
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