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EC number: 416-530-4 | CAS number: 178949-82-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- use of L. esculentum (tomato) in place of Brassica rapa (turnip)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data - Analytical monitoring:
- not required
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil
- Sampling method: no data
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no data - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Method of application to filter paper (if used): not applicable
- Method of mixing into soil (if used): from each stock solution (for each species seperately) aliquots of 117.6 mL were added and thoroughly mixed with respectively about 3.03 g K2HPO4 and 1950 g of damp soil/sand mixture (the moisture content based on dry constituents was ca. 7.0% (911.2 grams of dry fine sand (0.5-1.0 mm), 911.2 g dry soil and 127.6 mL of water)).
- Method of application to soil surface (if used): no data
- Controls: the control was prepared in a similar way, however with demineralized water.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): demineralised water
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution): water was used as diluent
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: no data - Species:
- Avena sativa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: oats
- Plant family: Poaceae
- Variety: Valiant
- Source of seed: CEBECO ZADEN B.V., (The Netherlands)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: no data
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): no data
- Seed storage: no data - Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: lettuce
- Plant family: Asteraceae
- Variety: Ravel RZ
- Source of seed: Rijk Zwaan (De Lier, The Netherlands)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: no data
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): no data
- Seed storage: no data - Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: tomato
- Plant family: Solanaceae
- Variety: Spectra RZ
- Source of seed: Rijk Zwaan (De Lier, The Netherlands)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: no data
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): no data
- Seed storage: no data - Test type:
- seed germination/root elongation toxicity test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- other: semi natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 18 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- no data
- Test temperature:
- 22 +/- 3oC
- pH:
- 5-7
- Moisture:
- 400 g
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Schoemakerstraat 97, P.O. Box 6011, 2600 JA Delft, The Netherlands
- Test container (type, material, size): circular plastic containers (food quality) with a diameter of 9.3 cm and a height of 6.0 cm
- Amount of soil: 320 g of the dry soil
- No. of seeds per container: 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 4
- No. of replicates per vehicle control: no data
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: agricultural soil from an orchard in Heerewaarden (The Netherlands) and coarse sand (1:1)
- Pesticide use history at the collection site: no data
- Collection procedures: no data
- Sampling depth (cm): no data
- Soil texture (if natural soil)
- % sand: 79.8
- % silt: 13.4
- % clay: 0.8
- Soil taxonomic classification: no data
- Soil classification system: no data
- Composition (if artificial substrate): coarse sand (grain size 500 to 1000 urn)
- Organic carbon (%): 0.8
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weight): no data
- CEC: no data
- Pretreatment of soil: a quantity of 1.66 g K2HPO4 was added per kg of dry soil
- Storage (condition, duration): no data
NUTRIENT MEDIUM (if used)
- Description: not used
GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: light-dark regime of 16 h light-8 h dark
- Light source: daylight lamps.
- Light intensity and quality: 6500: 1000 lux
- Day/night temperatures: 22 +/- 3oC
- Relative humidity (%): 49-85
- Wind velocity: no data
- Air exchange rate: no data
- Watering regime and schedules: no data
- Water source/type: no data
- Volume applied: no data
- Interval of applications: no data
- Method of application: no data
- Any pest control method/fertilization (if used): no data
ACCLIMATION PERIOD: no
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Emergence and survival - 18 days
Growth - 18 days
Visual appearance - 18 days
Effect on root growth - 18 days
- Phytotoxicity rating system (if used): not used
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: no data
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: no data
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1000 mg/kg of dry soil
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil (nominal)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 100 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 320 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: emergence and survival
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 320 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: emergence and survival
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: emergence and survival
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: condition (visual appearance)
- Key result
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 32 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: condition (visual appearance)
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 18 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 100 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: condition (visual appearance)
- Details on results:
- SEED GERMINATION
- Percent seed germination: no data
- Root length: no data (see root spread below)
- Root discolouration/malformation: no data
- Other effects (spread of roots):
- For A. sativa an effect on root growth (about 30% reduction in cover) was visually observed at 1000 mg/kg of dry soil.
- For L. sativa an effect on root growth was visually observed at 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil (about 60 and 100% reduction in cover, respectively).
- For L. esculentum an effect on root growth (about 20% reduction in cover) was visually observed at 1000 mg/kg of dry soil.
- Results with reference substance valid? no data
SEEDLING EMERGENCE
- Percent seedling emergence:
- For A. sativa: 95%, 95%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 95% at 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively
- For L. sativa: 100% at all tested concentrations
- For L. esculentum: 90%, 80%, 85%, 80%, 95% and 85% at 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively
- Percent survival:
- For A. sativa: 100 % survival at all tested concentrations
- For L. sativa: 100%, 100%, 95%, 100%, 95% and 25% at 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively
- For L. esculentum: 100 % survival at all tested concentrations - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Two tailed Dunnett-test
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a GLP study conducted according to OECD Guideline 208, the 18-d NOEC values for the growth of Avena sativa (oat), Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) was 1000, 100 and 320 mg trisodium EDDS/kg of dry soil, respectively. The corresponding 18-d NOECs for their condition (visual appearance) was 1000, 32 and 100 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively, and for their emergence and survival was 1000, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively.
- Executive summary:
A GLP study was conducted, according to OECD Guideline 208, to determine the toxicity of trisodium EDDS to the plant species Avena sativa (oat), Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato).
In the range-finding/limit test adverse effects were observed at 1000 mg per kg of dry soil .Therefore, in the main study five test concentrations of trisodium EDDS (i.e. 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil) were tested on 4 x 5 plants over 18 days. The plants were grown in a mixture of agricultural soil and coarse sand, supplemented with potassium and phosphorus to assess the emergence of the seedlings, survival of seedlings, and visual appearance and growth (wet-weight at the end of the test) of the plants.
Under the conditions of this study, the 18-d NOEC values for the growth of A. sativa, L. sativa and L. esculentum was 1000, 100 and 320 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively. The corresponding 18-d NOECs for their condition (visual appearance) were 1000, 32 and 100 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively, and for their emergence and survival were 1000, 320, 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively.
Reference
Table 2: pH measurements and illumination during the test.
Parameters | Time (days) | Measured at concentration (mg/kg dry soil) |
A. sativa | L. sativa | L. esculentum |
PH | 0 | 0 | 7.2 7.3 7.2 | 7.3 7.2 7.3 | 7.3 7.3 7.3 |
0 | 1000 | 7.3 7.4 7.4 | 7.4 7.3 7.4 | 7.4 7.4 7.4 | |
PH | 18 | 0 | 7.4 7.5 7.5 | 7.8 7.8 7.8 | 7.7 7.7 7.7 |
18 | 320 | 7.7 7.7 7.7 | - | - | |
18 | 1000 | 7.9 7.9 7.9 | 7.8 7.8 7.8 | 7.8 7.8 7.8 | |
light intensity (in lux) " | 0 | 6650 | 6640 | 6470 | |
7 | 6620 | 6730 | 6690 | ||
14 | 6350 | 6600 | 6790 |
Table 3: Results of the test with trisodium EDDS and the plant species A. sativa (oat), L. sativa (lettuce) and L. esculentum (tomato).
Parameter | Effect 1) | Nominal concentration (mg/kg of dry soil) for species | ||
A. sativa | L. sativa | L. esculentum | ||
18d LC50 | emergence | >1000 | >1000 | >1000 |
18d NOEC | emergence | 1000 | 320 2) | 1000 |
18d NOEC | survival of seedlings | 1000 | 320 | 1000 |
18d EC50 | growth (wet weight) | >1000 | 219 (187 - 258) | 833 (724 - 958) |
18d NOEC | growth (wet weight) | 1000 | 100 | 320 |
18d NOEC | condition | 1000 | 32 | 100 |
1) The duration of plant growth after emergence was:
15 days for A. sativa (total test duration 18 days)
16 days for L. sativa (total test duration 18 days)
14 days for L. esculentum (total test duration 18 days)
2) Delayed emergence at day 2 and 3
Description of key information
In a GLP study conducted according to OECD Guideline 208, the 18-d NOEC values for the growth of Avena sativa, Lactuca sativa and Lycopersicon esculentum were 1000, 100 and 320 mg trisodium EDDS/kg of dry soil, respectively.
The corresponding 18-d NOECs for their condition (visual appearance) were 1000, 32 and 100 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively, and for their emergence and survival were 1000, 320, 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
- 32 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
A GLP study was conducted, according to OECD Guideline 208, to determine the toxicity of trisodium EDDS to the plant species Avena sativa (oat), Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). In the main study, five test concentrations of trisodium EDDS (i.e. 0, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil) were tested on 4 x 5 plants over 18 days. The plants were grown in a mixture of agricultural soil and coarse sand, supplemented with potassium and phosphorus to assess the emergence of the seedlings, survival of seedlings, and visual appearance and growth (wet-weight at the end of the test) of the plants. Under the conditions of this study, the 18-d NOEC values for the growth of A. sativa, L. sativa and L. esculentum was 1000, 100 and 320 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively. The corresponding 18-d NOECs for their condition (visual appearance) was 1000, 32 and 100 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively, and for their emergence and survival was 1000, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively (Henzen, 1999b).
The updated OECD Guideline 208 is designed to assess the potential effects of substances on seedling emergence and growth. Therefore, it is specific to a part of the plants life-cycle and does not cover chronic effects or effects on reproduction. However, it is assumed to cover a sensitive stage in the life-cycle of a plant and therefore data obtained from this study have been used in estimates of chronic toxicity.
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