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EC number: 204-337-6 | CAS number: 119-61-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No guideline was followed but well documented scientifically defensible approach was used to conduct the study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 990
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The percutaneous absorption of benzophenone was measured in vivo in monkey. Test item was applied to a lightly clipped 1 cm 2 area of abdominal skin at a concentration of 4 µg/cm 2. The application site was washed with soap and water as described above to remove residual material. The animals were then placed in metabolism cages to continue the urine collection for an additional 4 days. The amount of absorbed compound in the urine was determined by liquid scintillation counting.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzophenone
- EC Number:
- 204-337-6
- EC Name:
- Benzophenone
- Cas Number:
- 119-61-9
- Molecular formula:
- C13H10O
- IUPAC Name:
- benzophenone
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Benzophenone
- Radiochemical purity (if radiolabelling): 99.9%
- Specific activity (if radiolabelling): 5.4 mCi/mmoL
- Source: Pathfinder Laboratories, St. Louis, MO, USA
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- monkey
- Strain:
- other: rhesus
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: California Primate Centre
- Age at study initiation: 10, 14, 19 and 19 years
- Individual metabolism cages: Yes
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- other: open-patch and closed-patch
- Vehicle:
- acetone
- Duration of exposure:
- 24 h
- Doses:
- 4 µg/cm2
- No. of animals per group:
- A total of 4 animals were used.
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- DOSE PREPARATION
- Method for preparation of dose suspensions: The radiolabelled test item was diluted with acetone.
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 10-20 µL/cm2.
TEST SITE
- Preparation of test site: The test site was lightly clipped.
- Area of exposure: 1 cm2 of abdominal skin
- Type of cover / wrap if used: plastic wrap or glass chamber.
SITE PROTECTION / USE OF RESTRAINERS FOR PREVENTING INGESTION: Monkeys were restrained in metabolic chairs for 24 hours.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing procedures and type of cleansing agent: Washed with soap and water
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hours
SAMPLE COLLECTION
- Collection of urine and faeces: Urine samples for 4 days after the 24 hour exposure period.
- Terminal procedure: No.
ANALYSIS
- Method type(s) for identification: Liquid scintillation counting
- Liquid scintillation counting results (cpm) converted to dpm as follows: The amount of absorbed compound in the urine was determined by liquid scintillation counting, and results were corrected for total absorption as above by using a parenteral correction factor obtained in separate experiments.
Results and discussion
- Signs and symptoms of toxicity:
- not specified
- Dermal irritation:
- not specified
Percutaneous absorptionopen allclose all
- Dose:
- 4 µg/cm2
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 43.8 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: Urine collection over 5 days; means and SD
- Remarks:
- Unoccluded site
- Dose:
- 4 µg/cm2
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 68.7 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: Urine collection over 5 days; means and SD
- Remarks:
- Plastic wrap
- Dose:
- 4 µg/cm2
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- >= 68.6 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: Urine collection over 5 days; means and SD
- Remarks:
- Glass chamber
Any other information on results incl. tables
Percutaneous absorption of Benzophenone in the monkeys:
Absorption (% of the applied dose) |
|||
|
Site occluded with |
||
Compound |
Unoccluded site |
Plastic wrap |
Glass chamber |
Benzophenone |
43.8 ± 7.5 |
68.7 ± 6.4 |
68.6 ± 4.6 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- After dermal application of [14C]benzophenone, approximately 70% was absorbed in rhesus monkeys within 24 hours.
- Executive summary:
The percutaneous absorption of benzophenone was measured in vivo in monkey. Test item was applied to a lightly clipped 1 cm 2 area of abdominal skin at a concentration of 4 µg/cm 2. The application site was washed with soap and water as described above to remove residual material. The animals were then placed in metabolism cages to continue the urine collection for an additional 4 days. The amount of absorbed compound in the urine was determined by liquid scintillation counting. Approximately 70% was absorbed in rhesus monkeys within 24 hours.
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