Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 203-721-0 | CAS number: 109-94-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
The bioaccumulation study in Salmon gairdneri (rainbow trout) was conducted for determining the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical (from peer reviewed journal, handbook and secondary source).Salmon gairdneri (rainbow trout) was used as a test organisms for the study. BCF value of test chemical was measured using a logKow value of 0.23. The study was performed at a temperature of 12°C for 2-6 hrs. Radiolabeled test chemical was used for the study.All radiolabeled chemicals (purity > 98%) used in these experiments were supplied by Pathfinder Laboratories. Specific activities were confirmed by liquid scintillation counting (LSC) then gas chromatographic (GC). Analyses were done on a Hewlett-Packard 5730A automatic CC with Model 3552A data system. Test chemical was chromatographed on a Tenax-CC 60/80 mesh 3-ft X 2-mm column after direct aqueous injection. Rainbow Trout used in the study weighed 660 to 840 g. Fishes were fed with Glencoe mills trout feed for upto 24 hr before experimentation. The fish were on a 12-hr photoperiod (incandescent) at an intensity of 11.0 Ix at the air-water interface. All of the trout were acclimated to a temperature of 1 I to 12°C for several months prior to experimental use. Plexiglass respirometer metabolism chamber was used as a test vessel for the study. Chemicals were individually introduced into the respirometer-metabolism chambers at water concentrations 10 to 100 times lower than reported 96-hr LC50 values and lower than solubility value. The duration of exposure to each chemical was 2 to 6 hr during which the inspired and expired water of each fish was monitored three to six times to determine the amount of each chemical removed by a fish after flowing once across its gills (extraction efficiency). At the end of each 3- to 6-hr period, chemical dosing was stopped and the chambers were flushed with control water for 1 hr followed by initiation of dosing with the next chemical to be tested. Two separate experiments were conducted utilizing two fish per experiment. Two fish out of the four were reexposed with selected chemical near the end of each 2 to 4 day experiment to see if changes in uptake efficiency has occurred for a given chemical over the duration of the experiment. Uptake efficiency values for the two reexposed chemicals were then measured. A t test was used to analyze all of the respiratory physiology data whereas regression analysis was applied to the uptake efficiency vs time data. The extraction efficiency of test chemical was determined to be very low (approximately 7%), indicating that this chemical is not bioconcentratedin aquatic organisms.
Additional information
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Various experimental studies for the test chemical and supporting study for its structurally and functionally similar read across substance were reviewed for the bioaccumulation end point which are summarized as below:
In an experimental key study from peer reviewed journal (J. MCKIM, et. al., 1985), handbook and secondary source, bioaccumulation experiment in Salmon gairdneri (rainbow trout) was conducted for determining the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical. Salmon gairdneri (rainbow trout) was used as a test organisms for the study. BCF value of test chemical was measured using a logKow value of 0.23. The study was performed at a temperature of 12°C for 2-6 hrs. Radiolabeled test chemical was used for the study.All radiolabeled chemicals (purity > 98%) used in these experiments were supplied by Pathfinder Laboratories. Specific activities were confirmed by liquid scintillation counting (LSC) then gas chromatographic (GC). Analyses were done on a Hewlett-Packard 5730A automatic CC with Model 3552A data system. Test chemical was chromatographed on a Tenax-CC 60/80 mesh 3-ft X 2-mm column after direct aqueous injection. Rainbow Trout used in the study weighed 660 to 840 g. Fishes were fed with Glencoe mills trout feed for upto 24 hr before experimentation. The fish were on a 12-hr photoperiod (incandescent) at an intensity of 11.0 Ix at the air-water interface. All of the trout were acclimated to a temperature of 1 I to 12°C for several months prior to experimental use. Plexiglass respirometer metabolism chamber was used as a test vessel for the study. Chemicals were individually introduced into the respirometer-metabolism chambers at water concentrations 10 to 100 times lower than reported 96-hr LC50 values and lower than solubility value. The duration of exposure to each chemical was 2 to 6 hr during which the inspired and expired water of each fish was monitored three to six times to determine the amount of each chemical removed by a fish after flowing once across its gills (extraction efficiency). At the end of each 3- to 6-hr period, chemical dosing was stopped and the chambers were flushed with control water for 1 hr followed by initiation of dosing with the next chemical to be tested. Two separate experiments were conducted utilizing two fish per experiment. Two fish out of the four were reexposed with selected chemical near the end of each 2 to 4 day experiment to see if changes in uptake efficiency has occurred for a given chemical over the duration of the experiment. Uptake efficiency values for the two reexposed chemicals were then measured. A t test was used to analyze all of the respiratory physiology data whereas regression analysis was applied to the uptake efficiency vs time data. The extraction efficiency of test chemical was determined to be very low (approximately 7%), indicating that this chemical is not bioconcentratedin aquatic organisms.
In a supporting study, bioaccumulation experiment in rainbow trout was conducted for 1 hr for determining the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical (Wolfgang Larisch, et. al., 2017). Rainbow trout of an average weight of 750 g was used as a test organisms for the study. BCF value of test chemical was measured using a logKow value of 0.2. Rainbow trout has a ventilation rate of 117 ml/min. The ventilated water volume that actually is in contact with the gills, the respiratory volume, is approximately 70% of the ventilation rate. The uptake efficiency is defined as the substance mass that is taken up, Nupt (mol/min) over the substance mass that is delivered into the gills by ventilation Nresp (mol/min). This leads to a natural upper limit of 70% if the respiratory volume is 70% of the ventilation rate. The extraction efficiency of test chemical was determined to be very low (approximately 5%), indicating that this chemical is not bioconcentrated in aquatic organisms.
Another bioaccumulation study was conducted for estimating the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical (authoritative databases, 2017). The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a logKow of 0.23 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical was determined to be 0.88 dimensionless, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the test chemical is considered to be non-accumulative in aquatic organisms.
For the test chemical fromauthoritative databases (2017),the bioaccumulation study in fish was conducted for estimating the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a logKow of 0.88 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test substance was determined to be 3 dimensionless, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the test chemical is considered to be non-accumulative in aquatic organisms.
On the basis of above overall results for test chemical, it can be concluded that the BCF value of test chemical was determined to be 0.88which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the test chemicalis not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.