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EC number: 241-698-9 | CAS number: 17696-62-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- fish, juvenile growth test
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- The source compound Benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 202-311-9, CAS 94-18-8) is considered a suitable read across partner for the target substance Phenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 241-698-9, CAS 17696-62-7). This read-across is based on the hypothesis that source and target substances have similar toxicological properties because:
- structural similarity of the target and the source substances (the presence or absence of additional functional groups or substituents that could influence the behaviour of a chemical),
- similarity in physico-chemical profile of the source and target substances (water solubility, partitioning behaviour (log Kow value))
Both substances are structural homologues regarding the functional groups at the ester (phenyl vs benzyl group). Both esthers have similar physico-chemical properties. Both are moderately/poorly water soluble (108 g/L vs 0.05 mg/L), exhibit similar log Kow values (3.97 vs 3.21), have similar boiling points (355 °C vs 241 °C) and vapour pressure (3.37x10-6 mm Hg vs 8.17x10-6 mm Hg). - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Key result
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.85 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In a 7-day toxictiy test with Pimephales promelas effecet concentrations for benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate were determined as follows:
LOEC: 1.7 mg/L
NOEC: 0.85 mg/L - Executive summary:
The 7-day chronic toxicity of benzyl 4-hydroxy benzoate to early life stage of Pimephales promelas was studied under static renewal conditions. 24 h posthatch P. promelas larvae were exposed to control, and 1.7 / 0.85 / 0.43 / 0.22 / 0.11 a.i. mg/L. The test system was maintained at 25 ºC and a pH of 8.2 to 8.8. The 7-day LOEC, based on mortality and sublethal effects (weight) was 1.7 mg a.i./L respectively.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for early life toxicity study with fish.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism Size/Age (mean wet weight or length): 24 h posthatch P. promelas larvae
Test Type (Flowthrough, Static, Static Renewal): Static renewal
LOEC: 1.7 mg/L
NOEC: 0.85 mg/L
Endpoint(s) Effected: mortality and weight
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.
- Endpoint:
- adult fish: sub(lethal) effects
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- The source compound Benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 202-311-9, CAS 94-18-8) is considered a suitable read across partner for the target substance Phenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 241-698-9, CAS 17696-62-7). This read-across is based on the hypothesis that source and target substances have similar toxicological properties because:
- structural similarity of the target and the source substances (the presence or absence of additional functional groups or substituents that could influence the behaviour of a chemical),
- similarity in physico-chemical profile of the source and target substances (water solubility, partitioning behaviour (log Kow value))
Both substances are structural homologues regarding the functional groups at the ester (phenyl vs benzyl group). Both esthers have similar physico-chemical properties. Both are moderately/poorly water soluble (108 g/L vs 0.05 mg/L), exhibit similar log Kow values (3.97 vs 3.21), have similar boiling points (355 °C vs 241 °C) and vapour pressure (3.37x10-6 mm Hg vs 8.17x10-6 mm Hg). - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 0.1 µg/L 17β estradiol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.02 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: VTG concentration
- Remarks on result:
- other: male fish
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: VTG concentration
- Remarks on result:
- other: male fish
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In a VTG assay the VTG content in male medaka which were exposed for 14-d to benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate was determined and statistically evaluated. A NOEC of 20 µg/L was determined.
- Executive summary:
The long-term effects on medaka were assessed by a VTG assay with male medaka. 3-month-old male fish were exposed to benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate for 14 days under static renewal conditions to control, positive control (0.1 µg/L 17β estradiol), and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 4, 20, 100, 500 µg a.i./L. In addition, female medaka was tested as well without exposure to the test substance. The test system was maintained at 25 ºC. The 14-day NOEC and LOCE values, based on VTG content were 20 and 100 µg a.i./L respectively.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for early life toxicity study with fish.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism Size/Age (mean wet weight or length): 3-month-old male Oryzias latipes
Test Type (Flowthrough, Static, Static Renewal): Static renewal
LOEC: 20 µg/L a.i./L
NOEC: 100 µg a.i./L
Endpoint(s) Effected: VTG content in male medaka
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
In a VTG assay the VTG content in male medaka which were exposed for 14-d to benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate was determined and statistically evaluated. A NOEC of 20 µg/L was determined.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 20 µg/L
Additional information
Two studies are available on benzyl 4 -hydroxybenzoate:
In a 7-day toxictiy test with Pimephales promelas larvae which were exposed to benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate effect concentrations
were determined as follows:
NOEC: 0.02 mg/L
LOEC: 0.10 mg/L
The NOEC from the VTG assay is used as key value for classification as it indicates longlasting effects on the fertility of male medaka.
As supporting information results from a VTG assay (14 -d exposure of male medaka) are available. The effect concentrations were determined as follows:
LOEC: 20 µg/L a.i./L
NOEC: 100 µg a.i./L
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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