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EC number: 201-741-4 | CAS number: 87-39-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018-07-25 to 2018-09-18
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 492 (Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) Test Method for Identifying Chemicals Not Requiring Classification and Labelling for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- The study has been performed in House according to current guidelines by trained technicians. The study is commonly performed at the lab and leaves up to the validty criteria.Thus data from the study can be considered reliable.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 5-hydroxyiminobarbituric acid
- EC Number:
- 201-741-4
- EC Name:
- 5-hydroxyiminobarbituric acid
- Cas Number:
- 87-39-8
- Molecular formula:
- C4H3N3O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 5-(hydroxyimino)-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Lot/batch No.: 201713807
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- human
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- - Justification of the test method and considerations regarding applicability
: The SkinEthic Human Corneal Epithelial Model (SkinEthicTM HCE) in order to assess eye irritation potential of violuric acid. The test method has been chosen in order to investigate whether or not the test material should be classified. Based on prvious QSAR assessment, which did not indicate yirritation potential, this method was chosen.
- Description of the cell system used
The assay is a cytotoxicity test performed with SkinEthic Human Corneal Epithelium kit. The model consists of fully differentiated epithelium of normal human keratinocytes in a three-dimensional structure. The cells are grown on a microporous polycarbonate filter, which mimics the structure of the outer layer of the cornea of the eye. Batch No 18-HCE-029 was used for the present assay.
The absence of mycoplasma, bacteria and fungus has been verified.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent positive control
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 30 mg
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Exposure: 4h +/- 5 min
- Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):
- 18h +/- 30 min
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 2 replicates
- Details on study design:
- - RhCE tissue construct used, including batch number
: Immortalized Human Corneal Epithelim Cells batch no. 18-HCE-029
- Doses of test chemical and control substances used : 30 mg violuric acid, 30 µL Methyl acetate, 30 µl PBS
- Duration and temperature of exposure, post-exposure immersion and post-exposure incubation periods (where applicable) : Treatment period: 4 hours ± 5min (37°C, 5% CO2, ≥ 95% humidity) , post exposure immersion 30 minutes ± 2min at room temperature; post-incubation period: 18 hours ± 30min incubation at 37°C, 5% CO2
- Justification for the use of a different negative control than ultrapure H2O (if applicable) : PBS was used to premoisten the tissue before application of violuric acid
- Number of tissue replicates used per test chemical and controls (positive control, negative control, NSMTT, NSCliving and NSCkilled, if applicable) 2
- Wavelength and band pass (if applicable) used for quantifying MTT formazan: 570 nm
- Description of the method used to quantify MTT formazan
- Description of evaluation criteria used including the justification for the selection of the cut-off point for the prediction model
- Acceptable variability between tissue replicates for positive and negative controls : Viability of PC expressed as % of neg control <=30%
- Acceptable variability between tissue replicates for the test chemical: Difference in viability between 2 replica is <=20%
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: percent cell viability compared to control tissue, which is set to 100%
- Value:
- 0.6
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- study cannot be used for classification
- Conclusions:
- Violuric acid was found be irritating to the eye and should be classified. However, the present system cannot distinguish between UN GHS Category 1 from Category 2.
- Executive summary:
The in vitro eye irritation potential of violuric acid was investigated with SkinEthic Human Corneal Epithelium model. The test was performed in accordance with OECD 492.
The irritation potential was assessed indirectly by assessing the uptake of MTT in living cells, which results in conversion to MTT in a blue dye, which can be measured spectophotometrically and by visual assessment of the tissue after exposure of 4h followed by immersion period of 30 min and post treatment period of 18h at 37°C and 5% CO2. Viability of cells exposed to violuric acid was 0.6 % compared to control cells and thus indicates eye irritation potential of the test substance.
According to the test system violuric acid should be classified as irritant, but the test system cannot distinguish between category 1 and 2 classification.
In conclusion, violuric acid was found to be irritaing in the present test system
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