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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-279-0 | CAS number: 56-54-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comprehension of case reports.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The value of corneal peeling or corneal resection in ophthalmology.
- Author:
- Kilgore, G. L.
- Year:
- 1 946
- Bibliographic source:
- Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 44:100-112
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Case report
- Endpoint addressed:
- eye irritation
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of quinine bisulphate ointment, 2 %, for several years as a clarifier of corneal opacities is described in two case reports.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- IUPAC Name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- Test material form:
- not specified
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): quinine bisulphate
Constituent 1
Method
- Ethical approval:
- not applicable
- Details on study design:
- Case 1- Sex: male- Age: 33- History: Quicklime was splashed in both eyes when he was seven years of age.- Symptoms, onset and progress of the disease: Vision of right eye is 20/200, left eye 5/200- Other: A corneal resection was performed on the right eye, with removal of a horizontal band of scar tissue four mm wide and one-half mm thick from in front of the pupil. A similar horizontal band of scar tissue four mm wide and one-half mm thick was removed from the corneal surface of the left eye. Quinine bisulphate ointment (2 %) was used in each eye for a short timeCase 2- Sex: male - Age: 40- History: Patient had a gonococcal infection of each eye with ulceration of the cornea of each eye and loss of left globe from panophthalmitis. - Other: A corneal peeling operation was done under cocaine anaesthesia. A cross incision was made in the cornea to a depth of three-quarters mm followed by dissecting the four quadrants free and off. There was a small break in the epithelial covering near the centre of the cornea. Quinine bisulphate ointment (2%) were prescribed for use twice a day.
- Exposure assessment:
- measured
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities through its destruction of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Therefore, a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities. Therefore, in the two case reports a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes.
- Executive summary:
Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities through its destruction of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Therefore, in the two case reports a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes and quinidine which is a stereoisomer of quinine is not irritating to eyes, too.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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