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EC number: 236-740-8 | CAS number: 13472-08-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This study was selected as the key study because the information provided for the hazard endpoint is sufficient for the purpose of classification and labeling and/or risk assessment. This study is used for read-across and therefore has been assigned a reliability of 2 (reliable with restrictions). Otherwise the study has a reliability of 1 (reliable without restriction).
- Justification for type of information:
- see 13.2 for attached read across rationale
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The study was extended to 112 days
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Nieuwgraaf in Duiven, The Netherlands
- Culture: The activated sludge was preconditioned to reduce the endogenous respiration rates. To this end, 200 mg Dry Weight (DW)/L of activated sludge was aerated for one week.
- Concentration of sludge: The sludge was diluted to a concentration of 2 mg/L in the BOD bottles - Duration of test (contact time):
- 0 - 112 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: The nutrient medium of the Closed Bottle test contained per litre of deionized water: 8.5 mg KH2PO4, 21.75 mg K2HP04, 33.4 mg Na2HPO4.2H20, 22.5 mg MgSO4.7H20, 27.5 mg CaCI2, 0.25 mg FeCI3.6H20. Ammonium chloride was omitted from the medium to prevent nitrification. Due to this omission the pH of the medium decreased slightly. The decrease of the pH does not affect the biodegradation in the Closed Bottle test.
- Test temperature: ranged from 20 to 22°C (24°C for one day; minor deviation from the study plan).
- pH: 7 at Day 0, 7.3 at Day 28
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: no
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 250 to 300 mL BOD (biological oxygen demand) bottles with glass stoppers.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
6 bottles containing only inoculum
10 bottles containing test substance, silica gel and inoculum
10 bottles containing silica gel and inoculum
6 bottles containing sodium acetate and inoculum (positive control)
- Measuring equipment: oxygen electrode and meter
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: yes
- Other: The test substance is a poorly soluble substance in water and therefore the test substance was first dissolved in dichloromethane (1 g/L). The test substance in dichloromethane (0.56 mL) was added to 2 g silica gel (100-200 mesh) weighed in a glass petri dish. The solvent was allowed to evaporate by placing the petri dish in a ventilated hood for 3 hours, and the entire contents were then transferred to the BOD bottle. During the test period, the test compound should have been released slowly from the silica gel. Although no additional oxygen consumption was expected, controls with silica gel were carried out as well. This technique was described in an ISO document.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, 84 and 112
- Sampling method: The Closed Bottle test was prolonged by measuring the course of the oxygen decrease in the bottles of Day 28 using a special funnel. This funnel fitted exactly in the BOD bottle. Subsequently, the oxygen electrode was inserted in the BOD bottle to measure the oxygen concentration. The medium dissipated by the electrode was collected in the funnel. After withdrawal of the oxygen electrode the medium collected flowed back into the BOD bottle, followed by removal of the funnel and closing of the BOD bottle.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes, 6 bottles containing only inoculum
- Controls: 10 bottles containing silica gel and inoculum, 6 bottles containing sodium acetate and inoculum (positive control)
- Reference substance:
- acetic acid, sodium salt
- Parameter:
- other: The biodegradation was calculated as the ratio of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
- Value:
- 7
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Parameter:
- other: The biodegradation was calculated as the ratio of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
- Value:
- 13
- Sampling time:
- 112 d
- Details on results:
- Inhibition of the degradation of a well-degradable compound. e.g. sodium acetate by the test compound in the Closed Bottle test was not determined because possible toxicity of the test substance to microorganisms degrading acetate is not relevant. A slight inhibition of the endogenous respiration of the inoculum by the test substance was not detected. Therefore, no inhibition of the biodegradation due to the “high” initial concentration of the test compound is expected.
- Results with reference substance:
- The biodegradation percentage of the reference compound, sodium acetate, at day 14 was 83%.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Not readily biodegradable
This study and the conclusions which are drawn from it fulfill the quality criteria (validity, reliability, repeatability). - Executive summary:
In order to assess the biotic degradation of the test substance, a ready biodegradability test was performed which allows the biodegradability to be measured in an aerobic aqueous medium. The ready biodegradability was determined at a concentration of 2.0 mg/L in the Closed Bottle test performed according to slightly modified OECD, EEC and ISO Test Guidelines, and in compliance with the OECD principles of Good Laboratory Practice. The test was prolonged because the pass level was not reached at Day 28.
The tests substance was not biodegraded in the Closed Bottle test (28 days and prolonged) and should therefore not be classified as readily biodegradable. The lack of biodegradation in the Closed Bottle test does not mean that the test substance is recalcitrant in nature because the stringency of the test procedures could account for the recalcitrance in the Closed Bottle test. permit an accurate administration of the test compound. The test substance was biodegraded 7% in the Closed Bottle test at Day 28 and should therefore not be classified as readily biodegradable.
Reference
Time (days) |
Biodegradation (%) |
|
|
Test |
Acetate |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
0 |
79 |
14 |
3 |
83 |
21 |
0 |
- |
28 |
7 |
- |
42 |
7 |
- |
56 |
7 |
- |
84 |
13 |
- |
112 |
13 |
- |
Description of key information
No biodegradation study with the test substance is available. A biodegradation study with 2,2’-azobis(isobutyronitrile) was used to fulfill the data gap for the test substance.The underlying hypothesis for the read-across is that the two substances are expected to have similar degradation pathway, where the initial transformation is nitrile hydrolysis. Additional documentation, provided within the IUCLID Assessment Reports section, supports the read-across approach.
In a ready biodegradability study with 2,2‘-azobis(isobutyronitrile), the test substance was degraded 7% after 28 days and 13% after 112 days. The substance is therefore not considered readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.

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