Reaction mass of propylidynetrimethanol and 2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol and 5-ethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-methanol

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

15 May 2008 - 12 June 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Although the study was performed in accordance with OECD study guidelines, no statement of GLP compliance has been made in the report, and the level of detail included in the report (specifically concerning the test item and the test system) is insufficient to confirm GLP compliance.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Not reported.
- Laboratory culture: Not reported.
- Method of cultivation: Not reported.
- Storage conditions: Not reported.
- Storage length: Not reported.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Not reported.
- Pretreatment: Not reported.
- Concentration of sludge: 5.9 g suspended solids/L.
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: Not reported.
- Water filtered: Not reported.
- Type and size of filter used, if any: Not reported.

Duration of test (contact time):

<= 28 d

Initial conc.:

67 mg/L

Based on:

formulation

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Refer to solutions and media compositions, below.
- Additional substrate: Not reported.
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): Not reported.
- Test temperature: 20 - 25ºC.
- pH: 7.4
- pH adjusted: yes
- CEC (meq/100 g): Not reported
- Aeration of dilution water: Media were bubbled with air through a long glass tube which ended at the bottom of the flask.
- Suspended solids concentration: 5.9 g/L (inoculum). Calculated as 30.1 mg/L in media.
- Continuous darkness: no - diffused light.

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Not reported.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: Not reported.
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Not reported.
- Method used to create anaerobic conditions: Not reported.
- Measuring equipment: Not reported.
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: Not reported.
- Test performed in open system: Not reported.
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: Not reported.
- Other: N/A


SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: The TOC concentration (total organic carbon) was measured in each flask on day 0 and 28. The DOC concentration (dissolved organic carbon) was measured for each period (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) in each inoculated flask. The DOC concentration in the flask with sterile medium was measured only on day 0 and 28.
- Sampling method: Not reported.
- Sterility check if applicable: DOC concentration in thesterile medium was measured on days 0 and 28.
- Sample storage before analysis: Not reported.


CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Abiotic sterile control: Yes
- Toxicity control: Yes
- Other:


STATISTICAL METHODS:

Reference substance:

acetic acid, sodium salt

Test performance:

According to OECD guidelines for testing chemicals a test compound is regarded as easily biodegradable if the loss of DOC within 28 days is greater than 70 %. The pass value has to be reached in a 10-day window within the 28-day period of the test. The 10-day window begins when the degree of biodegradation has reached 10% DOC and must end before day 28 of the test. This criterion is not reached for the test article and Polyol TD can not be regarded as readily biodegradable. A plateau at approximately 92% is reached after 35 days.

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 92

Sampling time:

35 d

According to SS-EN ISO 7827:1996/0ECD 301 A, the test is valid if the degradation of the reference compound, Fc, after 14 days is more than 70 %. In this case the degradation is more than 90 % after 14 days.

The quantity of DOC that is degraded in flask F_I corresponds to the part that comes from the reference compound. This shows that the test article was not inhibitory to the inoculum.

No removal of DOC in the flask Fs indicates that no abiotic removal had taken place.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria

Conclusions:

Polyol TD cannot be regarded as readily biodegradable.
The pass value of a 70% reduction in DOC was not achieved within a 10-day window of 10% DOC reduction, and so the test material cannot be considered readily biodegradable. As the reduction in DOC after 28 days almost fulfilled the pass criteria, incubation was continued beyond 28 days, and a mean value of approximately 92% reduction in DOC was observed after 35 days. On this basis the test substance is considered inherently biodegradable and further testing to demonstrate biodegradability is not required.

Executive summary:

A ready biodegradability study (DOC Die Away Test) was conducted according to OECD 301 A to determine the biodegradability of the test substance Polyol TD. The inoculum was prepared from activated sludge taken from Klagshamn waste water plant, Sweden and the activated sludge contained 5.9 g suspended solids /L.

 

The DOC concentration was measured for each period (0, 7, 14,21 and 28 days) in each of inoculated flasks used for the test and control samples. An additional time point at 35 days was also added. According to OECD guidelines for testing chemicals, a test compound is regarded as easily biodegradable if the loss of DOC within 28 days is greater than 70 %. The pass value has to be reached in a 10-day window within the 28-day period of the test. The 10-day window begins when the degree of biodegradation has reached 10% DOC and must end before day 28 of the test.

 

The pass value of a 70% reduction in DOC was not achieved within a 10-day window after a 10% DOC reduction, and so the test material cannot be considered as readily biodegradable. After 35 days a mean value of approximately 92 % reduction in DOC was observed.

On this basis the test substance is considered inherently biodegradable.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test was performed according to a method equivalent to a relevant OECD test guideline, however no claim of GLP compliance is included in the test report, and the level of detail included in the report is insufficient to confirm compliance with GLP.

Remarks:

The following information is missing: details on test material + test system, reference substance, controls

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: other guideline: SS-EN 29 888:1993 "Zahn-Wellen test"

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Activated sludge
taken from the Perstorp on-site WWTP (waste water treatment plant).
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: 1 g/L

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

444 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Initial conc.:

0.748 g/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Samples taken at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours, and on days 3, 5, 7, 15, 21, and 28.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

99

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

Lag time = 0 days.
Rate of biodegradation = 27%/(g SS . day); 100 mg DOC/(g SS . day)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test substance Trimethylolpropane was found to be degradable. Degredation of the test substance started without a lag time.

Executive summary:

A biodegredation study was performed by Anox, Sweden, on behalf of Perstorp, Sweden, to determine the degradability of 19 substances and Waste Water Outlet from the Perstorp on-site waste water treatment plant. One of the substances tested was TMP. The test was performed in acordance with SS-EN 29 888:1993 "Zahn-Wellen Test", which is identical to OECD method 302B (1992). No claim of GLP compliance was made in the report. Trimethylolpropane was found to be biodegradable under the conditions applied during the test. Biodegredation commenced without any lag time. Removal of DOC for Trimethylolpropane reached over 99% by the end of the 28 day study period. The result of this study confirms the classification of Trimethylolpropane as inherently biodegradable. The pass level of 70% was achieved in 3 days.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

15 May to 12 June 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study

Remarks:

details on test material missing

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

not reported

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

The inoculum was prepared from activated sludge taken from a waste water treatment plant (Klagshamn, Sweden). The activated sludge contained 5.9g/L suspended solids.

Duration of test (contact time):

ca. 28 d

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:

Test medium (for 1 L):
- 10 ml solution A
- 1 ml of each of the solutions B to D
- 68 ml stock solution 3
- 900 ml deionized water
- pH adjustment to 7.4
- 5.1 ml inoculum
- filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Control medium (for 1 L):
- 10 ml solution A
- 1 ml of each of the solutions B to D
- 10 ml stock solution 1
- 900 ml deionized water
- pH adjustment to 7.4
- 5.1 ml inoculum
- filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Inhibition medium (for 1 L):
- 10 ml solution A
- 1 ml of each of the solutions B to D
- 68 ml stock solution 3
- 10 ml stock solution 1
- 900 ml deionized water
- pH adjustment to 7.4
- 5.1 ml inoculum
- filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Sterile medium (for 1 L):
- 10 ml solution A
- 1 ml of each of the solutions B to D
- 68 ml stock solution 3
- 1 ml stock solution 2
- 900 ml deionized water
- pH adjustment to 7.4
- filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Blank medium (for 1 L):
- 10 ml solution A
- 1 ml of each of the solutions B to D
- 900 ml deionized water
- pH adjustment to 7.4
- 5.1 ml inoculum
- filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Solution A:
8.5 g KH2PO4
21.75 g K2HPO4
33.4 g Na2HPO4 * 2 H2O
0.5 g NH4Cl
900 ml deionized water
pH adjustment to 7.4
filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Solution B:
11 g MgSO4
filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Solution C:
27.5 g CaCl2
filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Solution D:
0.25 g FeCl3 * 6 H2O
3 drops concentrated hydrochloric acid
filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

Stock solution 1:
1.37 g NaCH3COO
filling up to 100 ml with deionized water

Stock solution 2:
1 g HgCl2
filling up to 100 ml with deionized water

Stock solution 3:
1 g CTF (Cyclic Trimethylolpropane Formal)
filling up to 1000 ml with deionized water

- Additional substrate: N/A
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): N/A
- Test temperature:
- pH: 7.4
- pH adjusted: yes
- CEC (meq/100 g):
- Aeration of dilution water:
- Suspended solids concentration:
- Continuous darkness: yes/no
- Other:

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 7 (2 x 2 L test medium, 1 x 2 L control medium, 1 x 2 L inhibition medium, 1 x 0.5 L sterile medium, 2 x 2 L blank medium)
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: stirring air was bubbled from an air pump through a long glass tube which ended at the bottom of the flask
- Method used to create anaerobic conditions: N/A
- Measuring equipment:
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: N/A
- Test performed in open system: N/A
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: N/A
- Other: incubation in room temperature (20-25 °C) with diffused light

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: TOC concentration was measured in each flask on day 0 and 28; DOC concentration was measured for each period (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days) in each inoculated flask; DOC concentration in the flask with sterile medium was measured on day 0 and 28
- Sampling method: The filter used for DOC-samples was Scheicher & Schuell (0.45 μm, OE 67, 45 mm).
- Sterility check if applicable: the filter was boiled 3 times in deionized water (3 x 1 h) to purify filters from soluble carbon
- Sample storage before analysis: N/A
- Other: before taking samples from flasks water losses due to evaporation was made up with deionized water; after sampling a new mark was made at the new medium level.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: yes
- Toxicity control: no
- Other:

Reference substance:

acetic acid, sodium salt

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 4

Sampling time:

14 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 70

Sampling time:

21 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 98

Sampling time:

21 d

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 94

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 92

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

No removal of DOC in the control flask for non-biological degradation containing sample + mercury chloride

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The substance cyclic trimethylolpropane formal (CTF) is readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The biodegradability of cyclic trimethylolpropane formal (CTF) was determined according to OECD guideline 301A (DOC Die away test). The inoculum was prepared from activated sludge taken from a waste water treatment plant (Klagshamn, Sweden).  The activated sludge contained 5.9 g/L suspended solids. DOC concentration was measured for each period (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days) in each inoculated flask.

According to OECD guidelines for testing chemicals, a test compound is regarded as easily biodegradable if the loss of DOC within 28 days is greater than 70 %. The pass value has to be reached in a 10-day window within the 28-day period of the test. The 10-day window begins when the degree of biodegradation has reached 10% DOC and must end before day 28 of the test.

The amount of biodegradation observed comprised 4% after 14 days but increased to ca. 84% after 21 days. CTF can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable and passing the 10 day window.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

16 October to 13 November 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study

Remarks:

The following information is missing: details on test material + test system, reference substance, controls

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

The inoculum was prepared from activated sludge taken from a waste water treatment plant (Klagshamn, Sweden). The activated sludge contained 3.9g/L suspended solids.

Duration of test (contact time):

ca. 28 d

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Reference substance:

acetic acid, sodium salt

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 34

Sampling time:

7 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 25

Sampling time:

7 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 81

Sampling time:

14 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 80

Sampling time:

14 d

Results with reference substance:

> 90% after 14 days.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The substance di-methylolpropane (DMP) is readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The biodegradability of di-methylolpropane (DMP) was determined according to OECD guideline 301A (DOC Die away test). The inoculum was prepared from activated sludge taken from a waste water treatment plant (Klagshamn, Sweden). The activated sludge contained 3.9g/L suspended solids.

According to OECD guidelines for testing chemicals, a test compound is regarded as easily biodegradable if the loss of DOC within 28 days is greater than 70 %. The pass value has to be reached in a 10-day window within the 28-day period of the test. The 10-day window begins when the degree of biodegradation has reached 10% DOC and must end before day 28 of the test.

The amount of biodegradation observed comprised ca. 30% after 7 days and increased to ca. 81% after 14 days. DMP can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable and passing the 10 day window.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Justification for type of information:

For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Details on study design:

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Samples taken at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours, and on days 3, 5, 7, 15, 21, and 28.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

99

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

Lag time = 0 days.
Rate of biodegradation = 27%/(g SS . day); 100 mg DOC/(g SS . day)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test substance Trimethylolpropane was found to be degradable. Degredation of the test substance started without a
lag time.

Executive summary:

A biodegredation study was performed by Anox, Sweden, on behalf of Perstorp, Sweden, to determine the degradability of 19 substances and Waste Water Outlet from the Perstorp on-site waste water treatment plant. One of the substances tested was TMP. The test was performed in acordance with SS-EN 29 888:1993 "Zahn-Wellen Test", which is identical to OECD method 302B (1992). No claim of GLP compliance was made in the report. Trimethylolpropane was found to be biodegradable under the conditions applied during the test. Biodegredation commenced without any lag time. Removal of DOC for Trimethylolpropane reached over 99% by the end of the 28 day study period. The result of this study confirms the classification of Trimethylolpropane as inherently biodegradable. The pass level of 70% was achieved in 3 days.

This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Reference 6

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 4

Sampling time:

14 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 70

Sampling time:

21 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 98

Sampling time:

21 d

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 94

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 92

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

No removal of DOC in the control flask for non-biological degradation containing sample + mercury chloride

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The substance cyclic trimethylolpropane formal (CTF) is readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The biodegradability of cyclic trimethylolpropane formal (CTF) was determined according to OECD guideline 301A (DOC Die away test). The amount of biodegradation observed comprised 4% after 14 days but increased to ca. 84% after 21 days. CTF can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable and passing the 10 day window.

This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Reference 7

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 34

Sampling time:

7 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 25

Sampling time:

7 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 81

Sampling time:

14 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

ca. 80

Sampling time:

14 d

Results with reference substance:

> 90% after 14 days.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The substance di-methylolpropane (DMP) is readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The biodegradability of di-methylolpropane (DMP) was determined according to OECD guideline 301A (DOC Die away test). The amount of biodegradation observed comprised ca. 30% after 7 days and increased to ca. 81% after 14 days. DMP can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable and passing the 10 day window.

This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.

Description of key information

The substance Reaction mass of 2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol(DMP) and 5-ethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-methanol(CTF) and propylidynetrimethanol(TMP) can not be classified as readily biodegradable but can be considered inherently biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

inherently biodegradable

Additional information

The substance Reaction mass of 2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol(DMP) and 5-ethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-methanol(CTF) and propylidynetrimethanol(TMP)

comprises of a number of components, the main constituents are CTF (cyclic trimethylolpropane), DMP (di-methylolpropane) and TMP (2 -ethyl-2 -hydroxymethyl-1,3 -propanediol).

A test conducted to OECD guideline 301A indicated that the Reaction mass overall can be considered as inherently biodegradable (90% biodegradation in 35 days). This conclusion is confirmed by individual tests on the separate components. The substances CTF (cyclic trimethylolpropane) and DMP (di-methylolpropane) are readily biodegradable (84% after 21 days with a 14 day lag phase and 81% after 14 days, respectively in tests conducted to OECD 301A). The substance TMP is inherently biodegradable (80% in 3 days in a test conducted to OECD 302B).