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EC number: 205-861-8 | CAS number: 156-62-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro cytogenicity / chromosome aberration study in mammalian cells
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1979
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Since the charcoal did not dissolve in the vehicle used (DMSO) it was not possible to state that all of the calcium cyanamide had dissolved in the solution. Only 20 metaphases per slide were scored for sister chromatide exchange.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 979
- Report date:
- 1979
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 479 (Genetic Toxicology: In Vitro Sister Chromatid Exchange Assay in Mammalian Cells)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The test substance did not dissolve completely; Only 20 metaphases per slide were scored
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Calcium cyanamide
- EC Number:
- 205-861-8
- EC Name:
- Calcium cyanamide
- Cas Number:
- 156-62-7
- Molecular formula:
- CN2.Ca
- IUPAC Name:
- calcium cyanoazanediide
- Reference substance name:
- Calcium oxide
- EC Number:
- 215-138-9
- EC Name:
- Calcium oxide
- Cas Number:
- 1305-78-8
- Molecular formula:
- CaO
- IUPAC Name:
- oxocalcium
- Reference substance name:
- Carbon
- EC Number:
- 231-153-3
- EC Name:
- Carbon
- Cas Number:
- 7440-44-0
- Molecular formula:
- C
- IUPAC Name:
- carbon
- Reference substance name:
- Hematite (Fe2O3)
- EC Number:
- 215-275-4
- EC Name:
- Hematite (Fe2O3)
- Cas Number:
- 1317-60-8
- Molecular formula:
- Fe2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- diiron oxide
- Reference substance name:
- Urea
- EC Number:
- 200-315-5
- EC Name:
- Urea
- Cas Number:
- 57-13-6
- Molecular formula:
- CH4N2O
- IUPAC Name:
- urea
- Reference substance name:
- Silicon dioxide
- EC Number:
- 231-545-4
- EC Name:
- Silicon dioxide
- Cas Number:
- 7631-86-9
- Molecular formula:
- O2Si
- IUPAC Name:
- dioxosilane
- Reference substance name:
- Trisilicon tetranitride
- EC Number:
- 234-796-8
- EC Name:
- Trisilicon tetranitride
- Cas Number:
- 12033-89-5
- Molecular formula:
- N4Si3
- IUPAC Name:
- trisilicon tetranitride
- Reference substance name:
- Calcium dihydroxide
- EC Number:
- 215-137-3
- EC Name:
- Calcium dihydroxide
- Cas Number:
- 1305-62-0
- Molecular formula:
- CaH2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- calcium dihydroxide
- Reference substance name:
- Aluminium oxide
- EC Number:
- 215-691-6
- EC Name:
- Aluminium oxide
- Cas Number:
- 1344-28-1
- Molecular formula:
- Al2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- aluminium oxide
- Reference substance name:
- Cyanoguanidine
- EC Number:
- 207-312-8
- EC Name:
- Cyanoguanidine
- Cas Number:
- 461-58-5
- Molecular formula:
- C2H4N4
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-cyanoguanidine
- Reference substance name:
- Calcium acetylide
- EC Number:
- 200-848-3
- EC Name:
- Calcium acetylide
- Cas Number:
- 75-20-7
- Molecular formula:
- C2Ca
- IUPAC Name:
- calcium ethynediide
- Reference substance name:
- unknown
- IUPAC Name:
- unknown
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Kalkstickstoff (calcium cyanamide, technical grade)
Constituent 1
impurity 1
impurity 2
impurity 3
impurity 4
impurity 5
impurity 6
impurity 7
impurity 8
impurity 9
impurity 10
impurity 11
Method
- Target gene:
- Not applicable
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- Chinese hamster Ovary (CHO)
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- - Type and identity of media: Ham´s F10 medium supplemented with 15% of newborn calf serum, 50 mg/L of streptomycin and 50 mg/L of sodium penicillin G
- After 30 - 40 passages cells were replaced by cells from a stock kept at -196°C. - Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- rat liver homogenate
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 10, 50, 250 and 500 mg/L
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- cyclophosphamide
- Remarks:
- Migrated to IUCLID6: and Trenimon (trifunctional alkylating agent, does not require metabolic activation)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in medium
Cells were plated in 75 cm2 flaks and to 250 mL of culture medium, 0.2 mL of test compound dissolved in DMSO, 0.5 mL of coenzyme solution in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 0.2 mL of S9- Aroclor 1254 were added; the latter two of which were added only in cases where the test compound was tested in the presence of metabolic activation.
DURATION
- Preincubation period: no preincubation; cells were allowed to attach themselves to the bottom of the culture flask for 4 hours
- Exposure duration: 1 hour
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 24 hours
- Three hours before harvesting, colchicine was added to the cells at a concentration of 2 µg/10 mL. After harvesting, cells were treated for 7 minutes with a 0.075 M KCl solution, fixed with a 3:1 mixture of methanol and acetic acid and transferred to slides.
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays): Hoechst 33258 fluorochrome, Giemsa
NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: One slide was prepared from the contents of each flask and the number of sister chromatid exchanges in 20 metaphases on each slide was scored. - Evaluation criteria:
- No data
- Statistics:
- The coefficient of the calculated dose-response lines were determined.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- Chinese hamster Ovary (CHO)
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- at concentrations up to 100 mg/L
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
Calcium cyanamide did not dissolve completely at 0.5 or 1% in DMSO, thus, the substance was tested at the maximum possible dose concerning solubility. - Remarks on result:
- other: strain/cell type: as stated above
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Induction of sister chromatid exchange by Kalkstickstoff and the positive controls Trenimon and Cyclophosphamide
Kalkstickstoff [mg/L] |
Mean number of sister chromatid exchange |
|
+ S9 |
- S9 |
|
0 |
12.05 ± 5.21 |
11.6 ± 3.61 |
10 |
12.85 ± 4.58 |
11.25 ± 4.55 |
50 |
13.95 ± 4.45 |
11.7 ± 4.94 |
250 |
13.85 ± 5.28 |
11.9 ± 5.02 |
500 |
11.5 ± 3.5 |
9.75 ± 3.54 |
Positive Controls*: |
||
Trenimon (1.25 µg/L) |
- |
23.2 ± 6.92 |
Cyclophosphamide (5 mg/L) |
50.6 ± 12.06 |
- |
* for positive controls, only 10 metaphases were scored.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results:
negative with and without metabolic activation
The results obtained indicate that calcium cyanamide technical grade (Kalkstickstoff) is negative in the sister chromatid exchange test in vitro. - Executive summary:
The study was conducted in order to evaluate the potential of calcium cyanamide technical grade (Kalkstickstoff) to induce sister chromatide exchanges in vitro.
Therefore, chinese hamster ovary cells were exposed up to the maximum possible dose of calcium cyanamide, concerning solubility, both in the absence and in the presence of metabolic activation. The highest dose tested (500 mg/L) represents 330 mg/L of calcium cyanamide and represents the maximal soluble concentration.
Results revealed that calcium cyanamide technical grade (Kalkstickstoff) did not induce an increase in the number of sister chromatide exchanges per metaphase at the dose levels tested: The coefficient of the calculated dose-response lines were negative and did not differ significantly from zero. The two positive control substances used both gave a clear effect.
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