Reaction mass of 5-[[4-[benzylmethylamino]phenyl]azo]-1,4-dimethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazolium methyl sulphate and 3-[[4-[benzylmethylamino]phenyl]azo]-1,4-dimethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazolium methyl sulphate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Remarks:

BOD5 determination

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1980

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The biological oxygen demand BOD is the amount of oxygen needed to degrade organic substances present in waste water with the help of bacteria (and other microorganisms present in sludge). The expression BOD5 represents the oxygen consumption within 5 days of incubation at 20 °C. Various dilutions of a substance solution in oxygen saturated water will be measured for its oxygen content before and after such an incubation period.

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

None

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Initial conc.:

20 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

210 mg O2/g test mat.

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

other: BOD5 determined

Conclusions:

Taking this result together with the results obtained for the chemical oxygen demand, the BOD5/COD quotient can be calculated. As the COD was calculated to 593.2 mg COD/g the resulting quotient is about 0.35 indicating that the substance is not biodegradable at all.

Executive summary:

BOD5 = 210 mg O2/g

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Remarks:

COD determination

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1980

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38409-H41-1

Deviations:

not applicable

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

None

Inoculum or test system:

other: COD determination

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: COD

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

COD

Value:

593.2 other: mg COD/g

Titer: 12.77 ml

Blank value: 12.57 ml

Back titration: 9.54 ml

Volume: 10 ml

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Interpretation of results:

other: COD determined

Conclusions:

Taking this result together with the results obtained for the biological oxygen demand, the BOD5/COD quotient can be calculated. As the BOD was calculated to 210 mg BOD5/g the resulting quotient is about 0.35 indicating that the substance is not biodegradable at all.

Executive summary:

COD = 593.2 mg COD/g

Description of key information

FAT 31016/F is considered to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

No studies evaluating biodegradability of Basic Red 046 Methyl Sulfate are available. However, older studies evaluating Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) as well as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) for FAT 31016/F are available. The BOD5 was determined to be 210 mg O2/g, while COD was established to be equal to 593.2 mg COD/g. Using these values, BOD5/COD ratio for FAT 31016/F was calculated to be 210/593.2 = 0.35. The obtained BOD5/COD ratio is <0.5, hence FAT 31016/F is considered to be not readily biodegradable.

Additional remark:

By the nature of their design and use, basic dyes are not intended to be readily biodegradable as this would assist in the rapid destruction of the dyestuff, rendering it unfit for purpose. As such, it is accepted that such substances are not readily biodegradable under relevant environmental conditions. A published study (Pagga & Brown, 1986) describes the results of the testing of 87 dyestuffs in short-term aerobic biodegradation tests. The authors of this publication concluded that dyestuffs are very unlikely to show any significant biodegradation in such tests and that 'there seems little point in carrying out such test procedures’ on dyestuffs.

There are ISO, European, American (AATCC) and national standards available for the colour fastness of dyes. Dyes are required to have specific fastness properties. If the dyes were biodegradable, it would not be possible for them to have these fastness properties.

References:

Pagga U, Brown D (1986) The degradation of dyestuffs: Part II. Behaviour of dyestuffs in aerobic biodegradation tests. Chemosphere 15: 479-491.