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EC number: 232-435-9 | CAS number: 8028-89-5 The substance obtained by controlled heat treatment of food-grade carbohydrates. Food-grade acids, alkalies, and salts may be used to assist carmelization. Food-grade antifoaming agents may be used in an amount not greater than that required to produce the intended effect. Consists essentially of colloidal aggregates that are dispersible in water but only partly dispersible in alcohol-water solutions. Depending upon the particular carmelizing agent used, may have a positive or negative colloidal charge in solution.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Caramel (color)
- EC Number:
- 232-435-9
- EC Name:
- Caramel (color)
- Cas Number:
- 8028-89-5
- Molecular formula:
- C6H12OH
- IUPAC Name:
- Caramel
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna Strauss clone 5, between 6 and 24 hours old and produced from parthenogenically reproducing brood female population were used. Daphnia are issued from the breeding lab. The selection of the juvenile was daily realized by filtration. The juvenile stemming at least from the second litter were used to start the test.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: deionised water
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Between 140 and 250 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 20°C +/- 2
- pH:
- pH: Between 6 and 9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.9 mg/L (in the lowest concentration producing the maximum effect at the end of the test)
- Salinity:
- not specified
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 and 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- Light/dark cycle: 16 h/8 h
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The EC50 with reference item over a period of 24 hours was between 0,6 and 2,1 mg.L-1 (actual value: 1.43 mg.L-1).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The acute effects of Caramel Colour E150c diluted in OECD test medium at the definitive concentration of 100 mg.L-1 to Daphnia magna was investigated under laboratory conditions.
The study is valid since immobilization in the control was less than 10% (actual values: 0% in the definitive test), dissolved oxygen in the lowest concentration producing the maximum effect at the end of the test was ≥ 3 mg.L-1 (actual values: 8.9 mg.L-1 in the definitive test) and the EC50 with reference item over a period of 24 hours was between 0,6 and 2,1 mg.L-1 (actual value: 1.43 mg.L-1).
Based on the number of immobilized daphnids, the EC50 after a 24-hour and 48-hour exposure periods were greater than 100 mg.L-1.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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