Cinnamonitrile

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species, other

Type of information:

calculation (if not (Q)SAR)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

accepted calculation method

Justification for type of information:

Data is from computational model developed by USEPA

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Modeling database

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction done using BCFBAF (v3.01) model

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (IUPAC name): (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile
- Common name: Cinnamyl nitrile
- Molecular formula: C9H7N
- Molecular weight: 129.161 g/mol
- Smiles notation: N#C\C=C\c1ccccc1
- InChl: 1S/C9H7N/c10-8-4-7-9-5-2-1-3-6-9/h1-7H/b7-4+
- Substance type: Organic

Radiolabelling:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: Fish

Route of exposure:

aqueous

Test type:

other: estimation

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: freshwater

Test temperature:

25 deg.C

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Temp.:

25 °C

Type:

BCF

Value:

9.124 L/kg

Basis:

whole body w.w.

Calculation basis:

other: estimated

Remarks on result:

other: Non-bioaccumulative

BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:

==============================

SMILES : C(#N)C=Cc(cccc1)c1

CHEM : 2-Propenenitrile, 3-phenyl-, (E)-

MOL FOR: C9 H7 N1

MOL WT : 129.16

--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------

Summary Results:

Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.96 (BCF = 9.12 L/kg wet-wt)

Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.244 (normalized to 10 g fish)

Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): 0.96 (BAF = 9.05 L/kg wet-wt)

Log Kow (experimental): 1.96

Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 1.96

Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:

Log BCF = 0.6598 log Kow - 0.333 + Correction

Correction(s): Value

No Applicable Correction Factors

Estimated Log BCF = 0.960 (BCF = 9.124 L/kg wet-wt)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2017) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS No. 1885-38-7) is 9.124 L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is non bioaccumulative in food chain.

Executive summary:

Using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2017) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS No. 1885-38-7) is 9.124 L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is non bioaccumulative in food chain.

Description of key information

Using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2017) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS No. 1885-38-7) is 9.124 L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is non bioaccumulative in food chain.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

BCF (aquatic species):

9.124 L/kg ww

Additional information

Various predicted data for the target compound (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS no.1885 -38 -7) and supporting weight of evidence study for its read across chemical were reviewed for the bioaccumulation end point are summarized as below:

In a prediction done by using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2017) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is 9.124 L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg.

Another prediction done by using Bio-concentration Factor (v12.1.0.50374) module of (ACD (Advanced Chemistry Development)/I-Lab predictive module, 2017) and Bio-concentration Factor at range pH 1-14  of the chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile estimated to be 34.3 dimensionless.

Next prediction done by using Scifinder database of American Chemical Society, (2017) and Bioconcentration factor (BCF) for test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS No: 1885-38-7) was estimated in aquatic organisms by at pH 1-10 and temperature 25 °C .The Bioconcentration factor (BCF) of test substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile at pH 1-10 and temperature 25 °C was estimated to be 19.8 dimensionless.

 

Similarly, another prediction done by using Chemspider- ACD/PhysChem Suite of Royal Society of Chemistry (RCS, 2017) and Bioconcentration factor (BCF) of test substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile at pH 5.5 and pH 7.4 was estimated to be 37.78 dimensionless. This BCF value suggests that the test chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is non bioaccumulative in aquatic organisms.

Last prediction done from CompTox Chemistry Dashboard using OPERA (OPEn (quantitative) structure-activity Relationship Application)  V1.02 model in which calculation based on PaDEL descriptors (calculate molecular descriptors and fingerprints of chemical)  the bioaccumulation i.e BCF for test substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile was estimated to be 9.32 dimensionless . The predicted BCF result is based on the 5 OECD principles.

In a supporting weight of evidence study (From authoritative database, HSDB, 2017) the bioaccumulation experiment was conducted for estimating the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of read across chemical (2E)-3 -phenylprop-2 -enal (CAS no. 104 -55 -2). The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a log Kow of 1.9 and a regression derived equation. The BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of (2E)-3 -phenylprop-2 -enal was determined to be 8 dimensionless, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical (2E)-3 -phenylprop-2 -enal is considered to be non-accumulative in aquatic organisms.

Another supporting weight of evidence study done from authoritative database (J, check, 2017) in this study bioaccumulation test was conducted for 8 weeks for determination the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of read across substance (2-bromovinyl) benzene i.e beta-bromostyrene (CAS no. 103-64-0) on test organism Cyprinus carpio. The recovery ratio was- Test water: 1st concentration area: 91.4 %, 2nd concentration area: 84.1 %, Fish: 73.5 %, Vehicle used was Tween 80 with concentrations 1st Concentration area: 1 ppm(w/v), 2nd Concentration area: 0.1 ppm(w/v) respectively. And Nominal concentrations used in the study as - 1st Concentration area: 0.1 ppm(w/v), 2nd Concentration area : 0.01 ppm(w/v) and Range finding study was carried out on Rice fish (Oryzias latipes) and the 48 hr TLm(48h) 5.05 ppm(w/v).  Thus according to static Fish Test the BCF value for test substance (2-bromovinyl) benzene i.e beta-bromostyrene was observed to be 34-143 L/kg at dose concentration 0.1 ppm(w/v) and 38- 235 L/kg at dose concentration 0.01 ppm(w/v) on test organism Cyprinus carpio during 8 weeks period. These BCF values indicate that the read across substance (2-bromovinyl) benzene i.e beta-bromostyrene (Cas no. 103-64-0) is not bioaccumulative in fish and food chain.

On the basis of above results for target chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (CAS no.1885 -38 -7)  (from EPI suite, ACD labs, Sci Finder database, Chemspider and CompTox Chemistry Dashboard 2017) and for its read across chemicals (From HSDB and J check) it can be concluded that the BCF value of test substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile ranges from 9.124 to 37.78 dimensionless which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile is expected to be nonbioaccumulative in the food chain.