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EC number: 233-108-3 | CAS number: 10034-81-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Single and joint effects of perchlorates to Daphnia magna: Additivity and interaction patternsI
- Author:
- Loureiro et al.
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- Fresenius Environmental Bulletin (FEB), Volume 21 - No. 4
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD (2008) Guidelines for the Testing of chemicals. Daphnia magna reproduction test. In. OECD- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris.
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ammonium perchlorate
- EC Number:
- 232-235-1
- EC Name:
- Ammonium perchlorate
- Cas Number:
- 7790-98-9
- Molecular formula:
- ClHO4.H3N
- IUPAC Name:
- ammonium perchlorate
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: direct weighing to ASTM test water
- Controls: Yes, ASTM test water only.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna Straus
- Strain/clone: clone 6
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): neonates < 24 h old
- Method of breeding: The cultures are maintained with 25 daphnids per 1 L glass beaker with 800ml of ASTM hard water, renewed three times a week, and daily fed with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Korshikov) Hindak at a concentration of 3×105 cells/ml supplemented with an organic additive of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum. The cultures are kept in a 16:8 h light:dark cycle regime, at 20±1 °C.
- Source: Originally from Antwerp, Belgium, and cultures kept in controlled laboratory cultures for more than 3 years.
- Feeding during test: yes
- Food type: freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and an organic additive
- Amount: ad libitum
- Frequency: daily
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 200 mg/L.
Measured: Ammonium concentrations obtained from the exposure solutions were converted in perchlorate concentrations and variation from real to nominal concentration was 5 - 15 %. Therefore, nominal concentrations were used for the evaluation of results. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: not specified
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 50 mL test solution
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): every two days
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ASTM hard water according to ASTM (1998) "Standard practice for conducting toxicity tests with fishes, microinvertebrates and amphibians".
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16:8 h light:dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
The number of neonates and female mortality were recorded daily during the test period of 21 days. At the end of the test-period, the growth of the adults was also determined by measuring their body length (excluding the anal spine and antennas) under a stereomicroscope. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 80 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 120.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SigmaStat statistical package were used to test for statistical differences between different perchlorate concentrations. Whenever significant differences between treatments were found the post-hoc multiple comparison Dunnett's method was performed. Whenever data were not normally distributed, the heterogeneity of variance test failed and data transformation did not correct for normality, a Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA on Ranks was performed, followed by the Dunn's method when significant differences were found.
ECx values were calculated, when possible, with a sigmoidal curve using the software package SigmaPlot.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The long-term toxicity to Daphnia magna was tested according to OECD TG 211 on the structural analogue substance Ammonium perchlorate (CAS 7790-98-9) without remarkable deviations. Accordingly, the method is considered scientifically reasonable with minor deficiencies in documentaion and reliability of Klimisch 2 has been assigned.
The registration substance Magnesium perchlorate will rapidly dissolve in water and completely dissociate into the perchlorate anion and the corresponding cation. Accordingly, toxicity is determined only by the perchlorate moiety of the salt, as magnesium is known to be non-toxic. Based on that fact, it is considered entirely appropriate to use data of related perchlorate salts dissociating in water.
Based on the results obtained in the present study the following endpoints were determined:
NOEC (21 d) reproduction = 80 mg/L
LOEC (21 d) reproduction = 100 mg/L
EC10 (21 d) reproduction = 120.22 mg/L
NOEC (21 d) growth = 100 mg/L
LOEC (21 d) growth = 120 mg/L
Hence, Ammonium perchlorate showed to have low hazard for Daphnia magna and a comparable result is expected for the target substance Magnesium perchlorate when tested in this system. - Executive summary:
The study was conducted according to OECD 202 and ASTM (1998) on the structural analogue substance Ammonium perchlorate (CAS 7790-98-9). The registration substance Magnesium perchlorate will rapidly dissolve in water and completely dissociate into the perchlorate anion and the corresponding cation. Accordingly, toxicity is determined only by the perchlorate moiety of the salt, as magnesium is known to be non-toxic. Based on that fact, it is considered entirely appropriate to use data of related perchlorate salts dissociating in water.
The study was conducted with Daphnia magna exposed to nine nominal concentrations ranging from 40 to 200 mg/L and a negative control for 21 days under semi static test conditions. The number of neonates per female (reproduction) was recorded daily and the growth of the adults was also determined at the end of the test period. Statistical differences between different exposure concentrations and the control were tested by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SigmaStat statistical package.
Ammonium concentrations obtained from the exposure solutions were converted in perchlorate concentrations and variation from real to nominal concentrations was between 5 - 15 %. Therefore, the evaluation of results was based on the nominal concentrations.
Based on the nominal concentrations the following endpoints were determined:
NOEC (21 d) reproduction = 80 mg/L
LOEC (21 d) reproduction = 100 mg/L
EC10 (21 d) reproduction = 120.22 mg/L
NOEC (21 d) growth = 100 mg/L
LOEC (21 d) growth = 120 mg/L
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