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EC number: 700-100-0 | CAS number: 39716-58-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline Study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pent-4-enoic acid
- EC Number:
- 209-732-7
- EC Name:
- Pent-4-enoic acid
- Cas Number:
- 591-80-0
- Molecular formula:
- C5H8O2
- IUPAC Name:
- pent-4-enoic acid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Prior to test start (0 h) pH-value, dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, conductivity and total hardness of the dilution water were measured.
At the beginning of the test water parameters (pH value, oxygen concentration) were measured in one additional replicate per concentration and
control. After 48 h the water parameters in old media were measured in all replicates per concentration andcontrol.
The room temperature was recorded throughout the test with a thermohygrograph.
The percentage immobility was determined in all test and control groups after 24 h and 48 h. An animal was considered immobile, if it was not able to swim within 15 sec after gentle agitation of the test vessel.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- 4-Pentenoic acid Stock solution: 100 mg/L, prepared with dilution water
Dispersion treatment: Agitation
Test concentrations: 10.0 - 18.0 - 32.0 - 56.0 - 100 mg/L
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Daphnia Magna Straus
Number of study organisms per concentration and control: 20 animals, divided into 4 (2*) parallel samples, each with 5 (10*) animals
Number of animals per test vessel: 5 (10*)
Number of parallel samples per concentration: 4 (2*)
Age of test organisms: 2 - 24 h old
Acclimation: Ca. 2 h in dilution water
Test temperature: 18 - 22 °C, ± 1 °C constant
Illumination: Diffuse light, illumination range max. 20 μE⋅m-2 ⋅ s-1
Photoperiod: 16/8 h light/dark cycle
Feeding: The daphnids were not fed during the study.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 160 - 180 mg CaCO3 /L
- Test temperature:
- 18 - 22 °C, +/- 1 °C
- pH:
- The highest tested concentration of 100 mg/L was adjusted to a pH in the range 7 ± 0.2 in addition.
pH values did not differ by more than 1 bewteen beginning and end of the test
pH values range from 5.2 - 7.6 for test item concentrations at test start
pH values range from 5.1 - 7.8 for test item concentration at test end - Dissolved oxygen:
- >5 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 10.0 - 18.0 - 32.0 - 56.0 - 100.0 mg/L
measured concentrations: recovery rates were > 80 %
% loss in concentration of the test substance over test period: 0 - 11 - Details on test conditions:
- Test organism: Daphnia magna STRAUS (Clone 5)
Reason for the selection of the test organism: Daphnia magna STRAUS belongs, in accordance with the study guideline, to the suitable Daphnia types and are bred in the test facility.
Origin: Institut für Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene (WaBoLu)
Breeder: DR.U.NOACK-LABORATORIEN, 31157 Sarstedt, Germany
Culture: In 2-3 L glass vessels with approximatively 1.8 L culture medium, at 21 °C (temperatures of 20 - 25 °C are tolerated), in an incubator,
16 h illumination, illumination strength max. 20 μE⋅m-2 ⋅s-1.
Culture medium: Culture medium Elendt M4, according to ELENDT (1990), modified to a total hardness of 160 to 180 mg CaCO3/L.
Feeding: At least 5x weekly ad libitum with a mix of Desmodesmus subspicatus and Chlorella vulgaris, with an algae cell density of > 106 cells/mL.
TEST METHOD: Static
Test duration: 48 h
Test vessels: Glass beakers (5 cm ID x 8 cm H), 50 mL
Volume of the study: 20 mL medium
Number of study organisms per concentration and control: 20 animals, divided into 4 (2*) parallel samples, each with 5 (10*) animals
Number of animals pertest vessel: 5 (10*)
Number of parallel samples per concentration: 4 (2*)
Age of test organisms: 2 - 24 h old
Acclimation: Ca. 2 h in dilution water
Test temperature: 18 - 22 °C, ± 1 °C constant
Illumination: Diffuse light, illumination range max. 20 μE⋅m-2 ⋅ s-1
Photoperiod: 16/8 h light/dark cycle
Feeding: The daphnids were not fed during the study. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 53 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 36.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 62.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 58.9-65.9
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 47.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 44.3-51.6
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 56 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- when the pH of the stock solution was adjusted to 7.0, the EC50 after 48 hours was 57.2 mg/L
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC10: 1.15 mg/L
EC50: 1.76 mg/L (95 % CL: 1.61-1.93 mg/L, 24h)
EC100: 5.80 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC100 values were deduced directly from the dose-response-relationship after 24 and 48 h.
EC50 values were calculated via probit analysis.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In the control group no Daphnia were immobilised or trapped on the surface of the water.
The EC50 -value after 24 h of the reference item was in the range of 1.0 to 2.5 mg/L.
The dissolved O2 concentration was > 5.21 mg/L (60 % of the air saturation value at the temperature used).
The pH-value did not vary by more than 1 unit.
Recovery rates of the test item were > 80 %. Therefore, all effects are given based on nominal test item concentrations.
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