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EC number: 423-630-1 | CAS number: 62435-71-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- In-vivo study performed in view of positive in-virto gene mutation assays
Guideline valid 1999,
Considered scientifically valid
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
- Report date:
- 1999
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.12 (Mutagenicity - In Vivo Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- micronucleus assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 423-630-1
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 62435-71-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H14O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-(ethoxymethyl)oxolane
- Details on test material:
- - Sponser's identification: Ethyl Tetrahydrofurfuryl Ether
- Date Received: 18 November 1998
- Description: colourless liquid
- Storage conditions: room temperature in the dark under nitrogen
Data relating to the identity, purity and stability of the test material are the respsonibilty of the Sponser.
For the purpose of this study the test material was freshly prepared as required as a solution at the appropriate concentration in arachis oil.
With it not being a requirement of the test method the concentration, homogeneity and stability of the test material preparations were not determined by analysis.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CD-1
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River (UK) Limited, Margate, Kent.
- Age at study initiation: 5 - 8 weeks old.
- Weight at study initiation: 23 - 30g
- Assigned to test groups randomly: Yes - given a unique number within the study by ear punching and a number written on a colour coded cage card.
- Housing: In groups of upto 7, in solid-floor polypropylene cages with woodflake bedding.
- Diet): Free access to food (Rat and Mouse Expanded Diet No.1, Special Diets Services Limited, Witham, Essex, UK) was allowed troughout the study.
- Water: Free access to maine drinking water
- Acclimation period: five days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19 to 24°
- Humidity (%): 49 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): approx. 15 changes
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Lighting controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours light and twelve hours darkness.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- Arachis oil
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Two groups, one with single dose and one with repeated dose (24 hours)
- Post exposure period:
- 24 hours
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 0 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Remarks:
- single exposure
- Dose / conc.:
- 800 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Remarks:
- single exposure
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 600 mg/kg bw/day
- Remarks:
- single exposure
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 600 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Remarks:
- Two doses
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 7males per group
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Cyclophosphamide
Examinations
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- Immediately following sacrifice (ie. 24 or 48 hours following dosing), both femurs were dissected from each animal, aspirated with foetal calf serum and bone marrow smears prepared following centrifugation and re- suspension. The smears were air-dried, fixed in absolute methanol and stained in May-Griinwald/Giemsa, allowed to air-dry and coverslipped using mounting medium.
- Evaluation criteria:
- Stained bone marrow smears were coded and examined blind using light _ microscopy at x1000 magnification. The incidence of micronucleated cells
per 2000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE-blue stained immature cells) per animal was scored. Micronuclei are normally circular in shape, although occasionally they may be oval or half-moon shaped, and have a sharp contour with even staining. In addition, the number of normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE-pink stained mature cells) associated with 1000 erythrocytes were counted; these cells were also scored for incidence of micronuclei.
The ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes was calculated together with appropriate group mean values and standard deviations.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- no effects
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- A comparison was made between the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes occurring in each of the test material groups and the number occurring in the corresponding vehicle control group.
A positive mutagenic response was demonstrated when a statistically significant dose-responsive increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed for either the 24 or 48-hour kill times when compared to their corresponding control group.
If these criteria were not demonstrated, then the test material was considered to be non-genotoxic under the conditions of the test.
A positive response for bone marrow toxicity was demonstrated when the dose group mean polychromatic to normochromatic ratio was shown to be statistically significantly lower than the concurrent vehicle control group.
All data were statistically analysed using appropriate statistical methods as recommended by the UKEMS Sub-committee on Guidelines for Mutagenicity Testing Report, Part III (1989). The data was analysed following a v/(x + 1) transformation using Student's t-test (two tailed) and any significant results were confirmed using the one way analysis of variance.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- ETHYL TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ETHER was considered to be non-genotoxic under the conditions of the test.
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