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EC number: 617-357-9 | CAS number: 825633-75-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Oct 24 - Jan 08, 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- The study was performed in compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations (revised in 1997, ENV/MC/CHEM(98)17). The method followed that described in the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, Updated Guideline No 406 Skin Sensitisation (adopted 17 Julyl 1992).
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- None
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- The data have been generated before the OECD 429 protocol was mandatory for REACH.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4''-Ethyl-2'-fluor-4-propyl-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl
- EC Number:
- 619-171-3
- Cas Number:
- 95759-44-7
- Molecular formula:
- C₂₃H₂₃F
- IUPAC Name:
- 4''-Ethyl-2'-fluor-4-propyl-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl
- Test material form:
- solid: bulk
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
Purity: 99,9%
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: HsdPoc:DH
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- Test System: Guinea pig, HsdPoc:DH, females
Breeder: Harlan Winkelman GmbH, Borchen
Age: about 6 weeks
The mean initial body weight at the start of the study was 333 g (range from 304 to 357 g).
In a large number of tests, with a variety of test materials, the guinea pig and the specific strain used has proven to be a species well suited for skin sensitization studies.
Identification and adaption
Healthy young animals were allocated to the study groups at least 7 days before dosing to allow them to acclimatize. The guinea pigs were identified by colour mark, whereas the pretest animals were marked with a different colour than the animals of group 1 and 2 (details are documented in the raw data).
Assignment
20 guinea pigs were used in this study.
Pretest: 5 females
Group 1: negative control group (5 females)
Group 2: test material group (10 females)
Housing:
The guinea pigs were housed in a 10 m2 room of the Institute of Toxicology. Lighting was
controlled by a timer to provide a 12-hour light - 12-hour dark regime.
Five guinea pigs were housed in type GM/5 (EBECO) Makroion cages with a shelter and
placed on mobile racks. The animals were kept on conventional softwood granulate as the
bedding. The cages had been machine cleaned before the start of the study. The bedding
was changed two times a week.
Temperature and atmospheric humidity were measured by a thermohygrograph. The room
temperature within the study period was 20 to 22°C and the relative atmospheric humidity
45 to 58 %.
Diet and community tap water from Makroion drinking bottles were available to the guinea
pigs ad libitum.
The diet, Provimi Kliba 3418.0, was checked according to the specifications of the
manufacturer by independent laboratories. Analysis included both qualitative and
quantitative evaluation for heavy metals, aflatoxins, pesticides and antibiotics. The tap
water was analyzed periodically according to the German regulations for human drinking
water. The softwood granulate was analytically checked by independent laboratories.
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- other: intradermal and topical
- Vehicle:
- paraffin oil
- Concentration / amount:
- see details on study design
Challengeopen allclose all
- Route:
- other: topical
- Vehicle:
- paraffin oil
- Concentration / amount:
- see details on study design
- No. of animals per dose:
- Total: 20 femalesPre-test: 5 femalesControl group: 5 femalesTest group 10 females
- Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
- no pretreatment, intradermal injection: 0, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 g/L given to one animal in paraffin oil
- topical applications (48 h), no pretreatment: 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 g/L in polyethylene glycol 400
- topical applications (24 h), FCA pretreatment: 1, 5, 10, and 50 g/L in polyethylene glycol 400
MAIN STUDY
A1. INDUCTION EXPOSURE (intradermal injection)
After shaving of the shoulder region, six intradermal injections were given (three on each
side of the spinal column in a total area of 2 x 4 cm). The guinea pigs received the
following injections of 0.1 ml each:
Group 1 (vehicle: Liquid paraffin)
cranial: 0.1 ml Freund's complete adjuvant + sodium chloride solution
medial: 0.1 ml Liquid paraffin
caudal: 0.1 ml Freund's complete adjuvant + sodium chloride solution
Group 2 (test material)
cranial: 0.1 ml Freund's complete adjuvant + sodium chloride solution
medial: 0.1 ml (10 g/L ad liquid paraffin)
caudal: 0 .1 ml Freund's complete adjuvant + sodium chloride solution (10 g test material/L preparation)
A2. INDUCTION EXPOSURE (topical application)
One week after the intra.dermal injections, the shoulder area of the guinea pigs was shaven
again and on injection sites covered with a filter paper patch of about 8 cm2, fully soaked with 1 ml of the test material preparation or the vehicle. The patches were attached for 48
hours under occlusive conditions by a self-adhesive fabric (Fixomull® stretch, Beiersdorf).
Group 1: Polyethylene glycol 400
Group 2: Test material (400 g/L ad polyethylene glycol 400)
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
Two weeks after topical induction the challenge was performed by fixing two filter papers of about 4 cm2, fully loaded with 0.5 ml of the test material preparation and soaked with 0.5 ml polyethylene glycol 400, to the shaven side ofthe animals.
Group 1:
Topical induction: Polyethylene glycol 400 (undiluted)
Challenge: Polyethylene glycol 400 (undiluted)
Primary irritation: (50 g/L ad polyethylene glycol 400)
Group 2:
Topical induction: test material (400 g/L ad polyethylene glycol 400)
Challenge: test material (50 g/L ad polyethylene glycol 400)
Challenge: Polyethylene glycol 400 (undiluted)
The patches were fixed for 24 hours under occlusive conditions by a self-adhesive fabric.
Observation schedule
Clinical investigations
During the induction phase, the guinea pigs were examined on days 2, 3, 7, 11, 12, 15, and 22 of the experimental part for local skin reactions, and the results were documented.
The behavior and general condition of all animals were monitored daily.
The challenge sites were investigated for reactions 48 hours after start of the challenge.
Further inspections followed 72 hours after start of the challenge, to detect weak or slowly developing reactions.
After challenge skin changes at the application sites were evaluated according to the following MAGNUSSON and KLIGMAN scheme.
Following the grading according to the EEC Directive 2001/59/EEC, a result in an adjuvant method is considered positive if 30% or more ofthe test animals showed positive
reactions. - Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Hexylcinnamaldehyde
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- 50% positive reactions with control substance
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle only
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle only
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle only
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle only
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 78
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 10 g/L Hexylcinnamaldehyde
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 10 g/L Hexylcinnamaldehyde
- No. with + reactions:
- 2
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10 g/L (intradermal induction I), 400 g/L (topical induction II), 50 g/L (topical challenge)
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- no signs of toxicity
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10 g/L (intradermal induction I), 400 g/L (topical induction II), 50 g/L (topical challenge)
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- no signs of toxicity
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Under the given experimental conditions, the test material induced no reactions. According to EU Regulation No. 1272/2008 (CLP), the test material is not classified as a skin sensitizer.
- Executive summary:
Purpose
The purpose of this GPMT assay was to identify the contact allergenic potential of teh test material. This study should provide a rational basis for risk assessment to the sensitising potential of the test item in man.
Conclusion
Under the given experimental conditions, the test material induced no reactions. According to EU Regulation No. 1272/2008 (CLP), the test material is not classified as a skin sensitizer.
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