4,5-dichloro-2-nitroaniline

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version.3.3 and QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Predicted data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary discriptors.

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Name ( IUPAC):4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline
Molecular formula:C6H4Cl2N2O2
Molecular weight: 207.016 g/mol
Smilies:Nc1cc(Cl)c(Cl)cc1[N+]([O-])=O
Inchi:1S/C6H4Cl2N2O2/c7-3-1-5(9)6(10(11)12)2-4(3)8/h1-2H,9H2
Substance type: Organic
Physical state: solid

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

not specified

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

1.23 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Intoxication

Remarks on result:

other: toxic

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" or "f" )  and ("g" and ( not "h") )  )  and "i" )  and "j" )  and ("k" and "l" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Acute toxicity) by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Strong binder, NH2 group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SNAr OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution >> Activated halo-benzenes by Protein binding by OECD ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SNAr OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds >> Activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds by Protein binding by OASIS v1.3 ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Radical OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3 ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN1 OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High reactive AND High reactive >> Activated haloarenes by DPRA Cysteine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Low reactive OR Low reactive >> N-substituted aromatic amides OR Moderate reactive OR Moderate reactive >> Activated 1,3,5-triazine derivatives OR Not possible to classify according to these rules by DPRA Cysteine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Phenols and Anilines by Acute aquatic toxicity MOA by OASIS ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Similarity boundary:Target: Nc1cc(Cl)c(Cl)cc1N(=O)=O
Threshold=20%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 3.01

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 4.09

Conclusions:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1). Lethal concentration i.e LC50 value estimated to be 1.23 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1) is likely to be toxic to aquatic invertebrate, hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1). Lethal concentration i.e LC50 value estimated to be 1.23 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1) is likely to be toxic to aquatic invertebrate, hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Description of key information

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1). Lethal concentration i.e LC50 value estimated to be 1.23 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1) is likely to be toxic to aquatic invertebrate, hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

1.23 mg/L

Additional information

Following studies include the predicted data and experimental study for the target chemical and structurally similar read across to conclude the toxicity extent of 4,5 -Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1)) towards aquatic invertebrate is summarized as follows:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1). Lethal concentration i.e LC50 value estimated to be 1.23 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1) is likely to be toxic to aquatic invertebrate, hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Similar predicted data for the target chemical indicates tahte the On the basis of EPI suite, ECOSAR version 1.1, the LC50 value for short term toxicity to invertebrate was predicted to be 1.43 mg/l for 4,5-dichloro-2-nitroaniline in 48 hrs. Based on the LC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 4,5-dichloro-2-nitroaniline as toxic to aquatic environment, hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

The above predicted data of target cheimcal is supported by the experimental study structurally similar read across 2,4,5-trichloroaniline (CAS: 636-30-6) from the publication Chemosphere 1998, suggests that the Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates test was carried out according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) to study the effects of 2,3,6-trichlorophenol. The Effective concentration EC50 to 50% ofDaphnia magna for 2,4,5-trichloroaniline at 24 hr is2.2 mg/l at 24 hrs. Intoxication immobile effects was measured during the test. It can be concluded that the 2,4,5-trichloroaniline is toxic to the static environment and hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Further it is supported by the experimental study another structurally similar read across 2,3,5-trichlorophenol (CAS: 933-78-8) from publication Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1986 inidicates that the Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates tests was carried out for 24 Hour under static condition to study the effects of 2,3,5-trichlorophenol on aquatic invertebrate.The Effective concentrationEC50 to 50% of Daphnia magna is 2.28 mg/l at 24 hr for 2,3,5-trichlorophenol. It can be concluded that the 2,3,5-trichlorophenol is toxic to aquatic environment and hence it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Thus based on the effect concentrations which is in the range 1.23 mg/l to2.28 mg/lgive the conclusion that test substance4,5-Dichloro-2-nitroaniline(CAS: 6641-64-1)is likely to be toxic to aquatic invertebrate at environmentally relevant concentrations and applying weight of evidence approach it can be considered to be “aquatic chronic 2" as per CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.