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EC number: 208-778-5 | CAS number: 541-41-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 981
- Report date:
- 1981
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl chloroformate
- EC Number:
- 208-778-5
- EC Name:
- Ethyl chloroformate
- Cas Number:
- 541-41-3
- Molecular formula:
- C3H5ClO2
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl chlorocarbonate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): ethyl chloroformate
- - Analytical purity: 99.7%.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 50-60 days old
- Weight at study initiation: males 133-171g, female 96-120 g
- food and water: ad libidum (except during exposure)
- Acclimation period: at least 7 days
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- Vapor generation: Test animals were individually housed in the exposure chamber (modified 1.3 m3 Hinner-style retrofitted with an axial air inlet).
Air for the chamber was drawn through a HEPA filter before passing into the vapor generation sections of the system. The chamber was maintained at a slight negative pressure (1 inch H2O) relative to the room. Temperature and relative humidity of the exposure chamber were monitored by an
optical dew point hygrometer equipped with a platinum resistance thermometer. Vapor was generated by a cylindrical stainless steel distribution manifold and a replaceable glass fiber wick. This device was located in a mixing duct that provided airflow axial to the chamber inlet. Chamber airflow (16 cubic feet/min) was monitored by pressure drop measurements across a fixed orifice plate. Ethyl chloroformate was introduced to the generator with a syringe pump. Concentrations of vaporized material were monitored by real time variable pathlength infrared photospectrometry. Chamber
gas was sampled at 10 lpm.
The concentrations at steady-state once the wash-in phase was completed, the 60-minute dose equivalent concentrations (the concentration to which the animals would have been exposed if all the material had been delivered at a steady state in 60 min), and the time-weighted cumulative exposure concentrations were determined. The time-weighted cumulative exposure concentration (which reflected the total amount of material to which the animals were exposed) was the sum ofthe products of concentration multiplied by the amount of time at that concentration. - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- real time variable pathlength infrared photospectrometry
- Duration of exposure:
- 1 h
- Concentrations:
- 0.21, 0.68, 0.80, 1.09 or 1.20 mg/l test material
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Weighing: prior to exposure and on days 7 and 14 after exposure. observations were severaltimes at the day of exposure and at least once daily thereafter.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: Surviving rats were euthanized 14 days after treatment and gross necropsies were performed. Gross necropsies also were performed on animals that died prior to study termination.
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight,organ weights, histopathology, other: Clinical observations were performed 1, 2 and 4 hours following exposure and in the morning and afternoon of each day following exposure up to 14 days.
Serology studies (pneumonia virus of mice, mouse encephalomyelitis, Sendai, mouse adenovirus, Kilham Rat Virus and rat corona virus) were performed on 3 rats per sex during the acclimation period and in the final week of the study. - Statistics:
- yes. LC50 was dertermined by probit analysis ( Finney et al.)
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 0.84 mg/L air (analytical)
- 95% CL:
- 0.73 - 0.96
- Exp. duration:
- 1 h
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 0.89 mg/L air (analytical)
- 95% CL:
- 0.77 - 1.03
- Exp. duration:
- 1 h
- Mortality:
- All controls and rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l survived to study termination. One male rat exposed to 0.68 mg/l was euthanized in moribund condition 3 days after treatment. One female and one male rat in the 0.80 mg/l group died within 32-48 hours and on Day 11, respectively. All rats exposed to1.09 and 1.20 mg/l died within 24 hours of treatment.
The slopes of the dose-response curves for males and females were 14.43 and 13.18, respectively - Clinical signs:
- other: The results of the serology studies were unremarkable. No abnormal clinical signs were seen in controls or rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l. Dyspnea, slight to moderate salivation and inactivity were frequently seen in rats during exposure to 0.68, 0.80, 1.09 an
- Body weight:
- The average body weight gain of rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l was similar to controls at days 7 and 14. Relative lung weights of these animals were similar to controls. Average weight gain of rats exposed to 0.68 or 0.80 mg/l was reduced on days 7 and 14. Whereas average relative lung weights of males in the 0.68 mg/l group were similar to control,relative lung weights of females treated with 0.68 mg/l were greater than control. The relative lung weights of surviving males and females exposed to 0.8 mg/l also were elevated. Animals in the 1.09 and 1.20 mg/l groups lost 7-9 g weight before death. The relative lung weights of animalsin these groups were approximately 3 times greater than controls
- Gross pathology:
- Multifocal and/or diffuse red lung coloration was found in all rats exposed to 1.09 or 1.2 mg/l, and in 1 female and 1 male rat exposed to 0.80 mg/l. Hydrothorax was noted in one female exposed to 1.2 mg/l and 4 females and 1 male exposed to 1.09 mg/l. All of these rats died prior to studytermination. Focal areas of red discoloration of the left interior lung lobe were observed in one female exposed to 0.80 mg/l (who survived to study termination). No changes were observed in lungs of the remaining 3 female and 4 male rats exposed to 0.80 mg/l. The male rat in the 0.68 mg/lgroup that was moribund 3 days after treatment had multifocal areas of red discoloration in the lungs. Diffuse red coloration was found in one female rat in this group that survived to study termination. The lungs of the 4remaining males and females in this group appeared normal. There was no mention of lesions in tissues other than the lungs or thoracic cavity in animals exposed to 0.68, 0.80, 1.09 or 1.2 mg/l. No lesions were observed in tissues of rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l or controls.
Any other information on results incl. tables
All
controls and rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l survived to study termination.
One male rat exposed to 0.68 mg/l was euthanized in moribund condition 3
days after treatment. One female and one male rat in the 0.80 mg/l group
died within 32-48 hours and on Day 11, respectively. All rats exposed to 1.09
and 1.20 mg/l died within 24 hours of treatment. The 14-day LC50 values
(with 95% confidence intervals if calculated) for males, females, and
both sexes combined were 0.84 (0.73 - 0.96) mg/l, 0.89 (0.77 - 1.03)
mg/l, and from 0.21 - 1.09 mg/l, respectively. The
slopes of the dose-response curves for males and females were 14.43 and
13.18, respectively.
The results of the serology studies were unremarkable. No abnormal
clinical signs were seen in controls or rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l.
Dyspnea, slight to moderate salivation and inactivity were frequently
seen in rats during exposure to 0.68, 0.80, 1.09 and 1.20 mg/l.
Gasping
or marked dyspnea during exposure were often accompanied by slight
salivation and small amounts of ocular and nasal discharge for many rats
in the 1.20 and 1.09 mg/l groups. Inactivity, ruffled facial hair,
dyspnea and an ocular and/or nasal discharge were commonly seen in
animals exposed to 0.68 or 8.0 mg/l up to 2 days after exposure.
Most
of the rats in these groups recovered by day 6 or 7. However, labored
breathing and ruffled facial hair were seen in 4/5 males in the 0.80
mg/l group on days 9 and 10.
The average body weight gain of rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l was similar to
controls at days 7 and 14. Relative lung weights of these animals were
similar to controls. Average weight gain of rats exposed to 0.68 or 0.80
mg/l was reduced on days 7 and 14. Whereas average relative lung weights
of males in the 0.68 mg/l group were similar to control, relative lung
weights of females treated with 0.68 mg/l were greater than control. The
relative lung weights of surviving males and females exposed to 0.8 mg/l
also were elevated. Animals in the 1.09 and 1.20 mg/l groups lost 7-9 g
weight before death. The relative lung weights of animals in these
groups were approximately 3 times greater than controls.
Multifocal and/or diffuse red lung coloration was found in all rats
exposed to 1.09 or 1.2 mg/l, and in 1 female and 1 male rat exposed to
0.80 mg/l. Hydrothorax
was noted in one female exposed to 1.2 mg/l and 4 females and 1 male
exposed to 1.09 mg/l. All
of these rats died prior to study termination. Focal
areas of red discoloration of the left interior lung lobe were observed
in one female exposed to 0.80 mg/l (who survived to study termination).
No
changes were observed in lungs of the remaining 3 female and 4 male rats
exposed to 0.80 mg/l. The
male rat in the 0.68 mg/l group that was moribund 3 days after treatment
had multifocal areas of red discoloration in the lungs. Diffuse red
coloration was found in one female rat in this group that survived to
study termination. The
lungs of the 4 remaining males and females in this group appeared
normal. There was no mention of lesions in tissues other than the lungs
or thoracic cavity in animals exposed to 0.68, 0.80, 1.09 or 1.2 mg/l.
No lesions were observed in tissues of rats exposed to 0.21 mg/l or
controls.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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