1,3-propanesultone

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

May/June 1996

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD Guideline Study performed in compliance with the UK Principles of Good Laboratory Practice

Justification for type of information:

The target substance 1,3-propanesultone hydrolyses rapidly. The product of hydrolysis is the source substance 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 E (Ready biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

sewage, predominantly domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Mixed population of sewage treatment micro-organisms from the secondary treatment stage of the Severn Trent water Plc sewage treatment plant at Belper, Derbyshire, UK
- Pretreatment: the effluent was filtered (Postlip filter paper and maintanied at 21°C prior to use.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

40 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Test temperature: 24°C
- pH: >6
- pH adjusted: yes if neccessary to pH 7.4 with sodium hydroxide or sulphuric acid solutions
- Suspended solids concentration: 0.5 ml/L
- Continuous darkness: yes

TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: DOC was measred using a Dohrmann DC-190 TOc analyser.

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: on day 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 21, 23, 27 and 28


CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: 2

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

89

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

86

Sampling time:

10 d

Results with reference substance:

Degradation rate: 97% after 28 d

Biodegradation rate of 3 -Hydroxypropanesulphonic acid

Day	% Degradation
1	3
2	19
3	13
6	82
8	83
10	86
14	84
16	85
21	89
23	91
27	90
28	89

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

sewage, predominantly domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

according to MITI specifications

Duration of test (contact time):

ca. 4 wk

Initial conc.:

ca. 100 mg/L

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

TOC removal

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

test mat. analysis

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
Concentration of activated sludge : 30 mg/L

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

95

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: BOD

Parameter:

% degradation (TOC removal)

Value:

81

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (test mat. analysis)

Remarks:

IC

Value:

100

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Calculated based on the theoretical amount of 3-Hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid.

The test substance was rapidly hydrolyzed in water and generated 3-Hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid. After 28 days, the 3-Hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid was not detected in both of (water + test substance) system and ( sludge + test substance) system, and unknown peak which was thought to be transformation product was detected.

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Description of key information

The parent substance 1,3 propansultone and the product of hydrolysis, 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid, are readily biodegradable according to OECD criteria.
    
    

 





 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

readily biodegradable

Additional information

On contact with water the substance 1,3-propanesultone rapidly hydrolyses forming 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid. Therefore the assessment of biodegradation is based on the product of hydrolysis.

The ready biodegradability of 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid was investigated in a GLP study conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 E. At the end of the test period (28 d) the biodegradation of the test substance reached 89% and the level was reached within the 10-day window criteria. 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid can be therefore considered to be readily biodegradable.

A study on 1,3-propanesultone conducted according to OECD 301C a degradation rate of 95% based on O2 consumption was determined after 28 days (81% TOC removal after 28 d). A rapid hydrolysis was observed in the test. After 28 days, the 3-Hydroxypropane-1-sulfonic acid was not detected in both of (water + test substance) system and (sludge + test substance) system, and an unknown peak, assumed to be the transformation product, was detected.

Slightly divergent results were obtained by a further study on the ready biodegradability of the parent substance 1,3-propanesultone. The test followed the biodegradation according to the modified OECD screening test (OECD 301E). After 28 days a degradation rate of 64% was determined. The positive control substance (sodium benzoate) was 100 % degraded after 28 days. The degradation was not a linear process since the biodegradation observed after 14 days (26.7%) was markedly lower than the level reached after 7 days (46%).

Conclusion

The product of hydrolysis, 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid and the parent substance, 1,3-propanesultone are considered readily biodegradable according to OECD criteria.