Nickel(III) oxy hydroxide

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

Selected chronic NOEC/L(E)C10 values for most sensitive endpoints long-term toxicity to freshwater invertebrates varying between 1.4 µg/L and 1,379 µg/L have been carried forward for the HC5-& PNEC derivation. 
Chronic EC10 nickel toxicity values for marine invertebrates that have been carried forward for the HC5-& PNEC derivation range between 22.5 µg Ni/L and 431 µg Ni/L. 

Additional information

Long term toxicity to invertebrates

 

Freshwater:

From the database of chronic nickel toxicity to freshwater invertebrates, 113 individual EC10 or NOEC values for 15 different individual species were selected. Chronic data on invertebrates belonging to different taxonomic groups being cladoceran (79% of the data points), amphipods (0.9% of the data), insects (7% of the data), hydrozoans (0.9% of the data), rotifers (5% of the data) and a mollusc (7% of the data). The NOEC/L(E)C10 varied between 1.4 μg/l for L. stagnalis and 1379 µg/L for Brachionus calyciflorus (Stubblefield and Van Genderen 2007). It is noted that the invertebrate data are heavily dominated by data on cladocerans.

 

The following table indicates those NOEC or EC10 values of high quality that have been carried forward for the HC5-& PNEC derivation

 

Key Study (freshwater invertebrates)	Selected values for the most sensitive endpoints used for derivation of the freshwater HC5
	Species	Endpoint	Value (s) (ug/L)
Deleebeeck et al., 2005	Daphnia magna	NOEC/EC10	8.8-256
Kunh et al., 1989	Daphnia magna	NOEC	90
Munzinger, 1990	Daphnia magna	NOEC	40
Munzinger, 1994	Daphnia magna	NOEC	80
Keithly et al., 1994	Ceriodaphnia dubia	NOEC	3.4-5.8
Wirtz et al., 2004	Ceriodaphnia dubia	EC10	2.8-7.6
De Schamphelaere et al., 2006	Ceriodaphnia dubia	EC10	7.4-44.2
Nebeker et al., 1984	Clistorina magnifica	NOEC	66
Nebeker et al., 1986	Juga plicifera	NOEC	124
Santiago-Fandino, 1983	Hydra littoralis	NOEC	60
Keithly et al., 2004	Hyalella azteca	NOEC	29
Deleebeeck et al., 2006	Ceriodaphnia quadrangular	NOEC	2.0-12.7
	Peracantha truncata	NOEC	2.5-25.8
	Daphnia longispina	NOEC	26.6-29.0
	Alona affinis	NOEC	25.0
	Ceriodaphnia pulchella	NOEC	9.9-28.2
	Simocephalus vetulus	NOEC	9.2-28.9
Stubblefield and Van Genderen, 2007	Lymnaea stagnalis	EC10	1.4 -19.5
	Brachionus calyciflorus	EC10	498 -1379
	Chironomustentans	EC10	404 -782

 

Marine:

From the database of chronic nickel toxicity to marine invertebrates, EC10 values are reported for 10 species. EC10 values range from 22.9 μg Ni/L for reproduction of the polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodenata (Parametrix, 2007f) to 431 μg Ni/L for development of the bivalve, Crassostrea gigas (Parametrix 2007g). The table below represents the NOEC or EC10 values of high quality carried forward for derivation of HC5 and aquatic marine PNEC.

                                                                                                                                

Key Study (marine invertebrates)	Selected values for the most sensitive endpoints used for derivation of the marine HC5
	Species	Endpoint	Value (s) (ug/L)
Parametrix 2007d	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	EC10	335
	Dendraster excentricus	EC10	191
Hunt et al., 2002	Mysidopsis intii	EC10	45.2
	Haliotis rufescens	EC10	36.4
Gentile et al., 1982	Mysidopsis bahia	LOEC	141
	Mysidopsis bahia	NOEC	61
Parametrix 2007e	Mytilius galloprovincialis	EC10	269.7 (geomean)
Parametrix 2007f	Neanthes arenaceodentata	EC10	22.5
Parametrix 2007g	Crassostrea gigas	EC10	431
Novella et al., 2003	Paracentrotus lividus	EC10	89
Pagano, 2007	Paracentrotus lividus	EC10	217