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EC number: 225-059-1 | CAS number: 4635-59-0
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Parent compound 4-chlorobutyryl chloride: No data available.
Hydrolysis product 4-chlorobutyric acid: No data available.
No data available for the parent compound and its hydrolysis product, therefore the short-term toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria is assessed on the results of the structurally similar substances 3-chloropropionic acid isobutyric acid.
Isobutyric acid: Acutely harmful to aquatic invertebrates.
Hydrolysis product HCl: Acutely very toxic for aquatic organisms (pH-dependent).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 50.6 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 32.5 mg/L
Additional information
Parent compound 4 -chlorobutyryl chloride and hydrolysis product 4 -chlorobutyric acid:
No data are available for 4 -chlorobutyryl chloride (CAS 4635 -59 -0). The substance rapidly decomposes in water and form HCl (CAS 7647 -01 -0) and 4 -chlorobutyric acid (CAS 627 -00 -9). No experimental data available for 4 -chlorobutyric acid, therefore the toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria is assessed via a weight-of-evidence approach based on the analogue substances propionic acid (CAS 79 -09 -4), isobutyric acid (CAS 79 -31 -2), 2 -ethylhexanoic acid (CAS 149 -57 -5) and 3 -chloropropionic acid (CAS 107 -94 -8).
4 -chlorobutyric acid
The short-term toxicity of 4 -chlorobutyricacid to aquatic algae is evaluated on the basis of a weight-of-evidence approach which considers read-across from analogue substances.
The analogue substance propionic acid (CAS 79 -09 -4) was tested on Desmodesmus subspicatus in a study following the German Industrial Standard DIN 38412, part 9 (similar to OECD 201). The 72 -h ErC10 and ErC50 values were determined to be 31.92 and 48.7 mg/L, respectively (BASF, 1987).
In a similar study with the analogue substance isobutyric acid (CAS 79 -31 -2), the 72 -h ErC10 and ErC50 were 33.7 and 53.9 mg/L, respectively (BASF, 1990).
The analogue substance 2 -ethylhexanoic acid (CAS 149 -57 -5) was also studied under similar conditions. The corresponding ErC10 and ErC50 values were 31.94 and 49.28 mg/L, respectively (BASF; 1989).
The geometric means of the ErC10 and ErC50 values of the three studies are 32.5 and 50.6 mg/L, respectively.
3 -Chloropropionic acid:
In a non-standard test with the green algae Desmodemus subspicatus, the toxicity of 3 -chloropropionic acid was tested after pH-adjustment. After 7 d of exposure, the EC3 (which is equivalent to the NOEC) was determined to be 689 mg/L (Trénel & Kühn, 1982).
Based on the available data, the parent compound 4 -chlorobutyryl chloride and its hydrolysis product 4 -chlorobutyric acid are assessed to be acutely harmful to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria in a weight-of evidence approach.
Hydrolysis producthydrochloric acid (HCl):
The hydrolysis product hydrochloric acid (HCl) was tested in an algae growth inhibition test according to OECD 201 withPseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The 72-h ErC50 was 0.492 mg/L (acid equivalent to pH 5.3), the 72 -h NOEC was 0.097 (acid equivalent to pH 6; OECD 2002).
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