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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 938-422-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
The test item is not considered to be irritating to skin based on the results of the OECD Guideline study 439.
The test item is not considered to be irritating to eye based on the results of the OECD Guideline study 437.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- March 6, 2017 - May 22, 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Commission Regulation (EU) No. 640/2012 amending, for the purpose of its adaption to technical progress, Regulations (EC) No. 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and the council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH).
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- July 28, 2015
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Skinethic skin irritation test -42bis Standard operating procedure (SOP) 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
No pre-treatment ;The test item was applied neat to the tissues. - Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- foreskin from a single donor
- Justification for test system used:
- standard model
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Remarks:
- No vehicle used in this study; The test item was applied neat to the tissues.
- Details on test system:
- CELL CULTURE
- Supplier: EpiSkin/SkinEthic Laboratories, Lyon, France)
- Source: human keratinocytes cultured on a polycarbonate filter in conditions which permit their terminal differentiation
- Format: 24 well plate
- Batch: 17-RHE-038
- Expires: April 3, 2017
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37°C
REMOVAL OF THE TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROL
After the end of the treatment interval, the residual test item was removed immediately by gently rinsing with a minimum volume of 25 mL DPBS using a pipette. Excess DPBS was removed by gently shaking the inserts and blotting the bottom with blotting paper.
DYE BINDING METHOD
- Dye used in the dye-binding assay: MTT
- Spectrophotometer:ELx800, BioTek Instruments GmbH, Bad Friedrichshall, Germany at 570 nm - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL: 16 mg of solid test material
NEGATIVE CONTROL: 16 µL (Dulbecco`s Phosphate-Buffered Saline)
POSITIVE CONTROL: 16 µL (5% aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate in deionised water) - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 42 min (± 1 minute)
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 42 hours (± 1 hour)
- Number of replicates:
- 3
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- Experiment 1 / Run 1
- Value:
- 96.2
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Remarks:
- The test item was applied neat to the tissues
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: none
- Direct-MTT reduction: none
- Colour interference with MTT: none
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
Acceptability of the Quality Control Data of the Skin Model with Reference to Historical Batch Data:
The negative control OD values were 1.906, 1.663 and 1.766 and, thus, in the range of ≥0.8 and ≤3.0.
Acceptability of the Positive and Negative Control Data:
After treatment with the positive control (5% aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate) the mean viability value was 1.4% (standard deviation: 21.4%) and, thus, lower than the historically established threshold of 3.03%.
After treatment with the negative control (DPBS-buffer) the mean OD was 1.778 (standard deviation: 6.9%) and, thus, higher than the historically established threshold of 1.459.
Variability of the Data:
The standard deviation between the three tissues replicates treated with the test item was 9.9% and, thus, ≤18%. The standard deviation between the three tissue replicates of the negative control was 6.9%.
The standard deviation between the three tissues replicates treated with the positive control was 21.4% and, thus, >18%. Due to the very irritant potential of the positive control very low viabilities were obtained. Little differences between very low viabilities resulted in a high standard deviation >18%. However, this does not influence the outcome or validity of the study.
The study met all acceptance criteria. - Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- UN GHS: No Caterory (according to OECD TG 439)
- Conclusions:
- This study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 439. Under the conditions of the present study, the test item is not considered to possess an irritant potential to skin (UN GHS: No Category).
- Executive summary:
This study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 439. Under the conditions of the present study, the test item is not considered to possess an irritant potential to skin (UN GHS: No Category).
Reference
Group | Time / [min] | Mean OD | Mean Relative viability / [%] |
Negative Control | 42 | 1.778 | 100 |
Positive Control | 42 | 0.025 |
1.4 |
Test Material |
42 |
1.710 |
96.2 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Apr 26 - Aug 21, 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OCD 437
- Version / remarks:
- 09 October 2017
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU method B.47 (Bovine corneal opacity and permeability test method for identifying ocular corrosives and severe irritants)
- Version / remarks:
- Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1152/2010 amending, for the purpose of its adaption to technical progress, Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and the council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH).
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- PREPARATION OF THE TEST MATERIAL
The test item was prepared as a 20% (w/v) suspension in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The stability in the vehicle was not investigated. The test item preparation was administered within <1 hour after preparation. - Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- Preparation
The test item was prepared as a 20% (w/v) solution in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The stability in the vehicle was not investigated. The test item preparation was administered within <1 hour after preparation.
TEST MATERIAL: 750 µL (i.e. 150mg/750µL)
NEGATIVE / VEHICLE CONTROL: 750 µL
Designation: 0.9% sodium chloride solution
Supplier: B. Braun Melsungen AG, Germany
Batch: 16435011
Storage: 2 to 8°C
Released until: Sep 2019
POSITIVE CONTROL: 750 µL
Designation: Art. 814223
Synonym: Imidazole
Supplier: Merck KGaA, Germany
Batch: S6746923
Purity (GC) 99.8% (a/a)
Storage: At room temperature
Released until: Aug 31, 2018
Imidazole was dissolved with 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a concentration of 20% (w/v) - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 240 minutes
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- in vitro: triplicate design
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- Run 1 / Experiment 1
- Value:
- 0
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
After treatment with the negative control (0.9% sodium chloride solution) the calculated IVIS was 0.9 and, thus, within three standard deviations of the current historical mean of the negative control (IVIS: -1.4 – 3.2). After treatment with the positive control (20% Imidazole) the calculated IVIS was 103.8 and, thus, also within two standard deviations of the current historical mean of the positive control (IVIS 80.3 – 133.2). Therefore, the study fulfilled the acceptance criteria.
The resulting classification of the test item in this study is unequivocal and no borderline results were obtained. Therefore, a single testing run composed of three corneas per group was considered sufficient. - Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study, did not show an eye hazard potential. The test item is not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS: No Category).
- Executive summary:
The informtion for this endpoint study record was obtained from an experimental study. The OECD GLP criteria were met and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 437. Under the conditions of the present study, did not show an eye hazard potential. The test item is not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS: No Category).
Reference
Opacity |
Permeability |
IVIS |
||||
per cornea |
per group (mean value) |
Standard deviation |
||||
Negative Control |
0.9 % sodium chloride solution |
-0.8 |
0.001 |
-0.785 |
0.9 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
0.001 |
1.415 |
||||
2.1 |
-0.001 |
2.085 |
||||
Positive Control |
Imidazole (20 %) |
65.8 |
1.465 |
87.775 |
103.8 |
13.8 |
86.6 |
1.678 |
111.770 |
||||
84.5 |
1.817 |
111.755 |
||||
Test Item |
- |
-1.9 |
-0.001 |
-1.915 |
0.0 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
-0.001 |
2.385 |
||||
-0.4 |
0.003 |
-0.355 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
The test item is neither classified for skin irritation/corrosion nor for eye irritation/corrosion according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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