Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 947-855-4 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- Please see the read-across justification document attached in section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The target substance contains between 45 and 86% water.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 503 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on the pure substance
- Remarks:
- as the target substance is an aqueous solution, this value needs to be multiplied by at least a factor of 1.8
- Details on results:
- Based on the results with the source test substance and on the supporting results from the SIDS of citric acid and ammonium sulfate, the pure target substance ammonium dihydrogen citrate can be considered not to be acutely toxic to daphnia magna at concentrations of 100 mg/L and higher. As the target substance is an aqueous solution with 45 to 86% water, this value needs to be multiplied by at least a factor of 1.8. This result is acceptable to be used for the short-term freshwater toxicity endpoint as the source substance was tested in marine species and according to the SIDS, it was shown that marine species tended to be more sensitive to ammonium sulfate than freshwater species.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results with the source test substance and on the supporting results from the SIDS of citric acid and ammonium sulfate, the pure target substance ammonium dihydrogen citrate can be considered not to be acutely toxic to daphnia magna at concentrations of 100 mg/L and higher. As the target substance is an aqueous solution with 45 to 86% water, this value needs to be multiplied by at least a factor of 1.8. This result is acceptable to be used for the short-term freshwater toxicity endpoint as the source substance was tested in marine species and according to the SIDS, is was shown that marine species tended to be more sentitive to ammonium sulfate than freshwater species.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 17-19 May 2006
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- No analytical support was included in the test. For validity justification, please see "overall remarks"
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO 14669 (1999) Water Quality-Determination of acute lethal toxicity to marine copepods (Copepoda; Crustacea)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO 5667-16 (1998) Water Quality Sampling- Guidance on biotesting of samples
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Soluble at 1000 mg/L in seawater after 20 hours stirring
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- see "overall remarks"
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
As the material was classified as soluble, a dilution series was prepared, where an appropriate weight of test material is added to prepare an initial stock. Appropriate volumes are taken from this stock to prepare subsequent test concentrations, brought to volume with filtered treated seawater (see attached background material) - Test organisms (species):
- other: Acartia tonsa (marine copepod)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: CCAP 1077/5
- Source: Initially the culture was received from Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory in 1995. Test organisms were obtained from age standardised cohorts and were 19 days old at definitive test commencement.
- The culture system was maintained with flowing 0.45 μm filtered ultra violet treated sea water, supplied by pump from Scapa Flow in Orkney. The cultures were maintained on a mixed algal diet comprising of between 2 and 4 species.
- Feeding during test: not indicated
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 19.0 - 21.0 ºC
- pH:
- at start: 7.87 - 8.03
over 48h: 7.87 - 8.08 - Dissolved oxygen:
- 96 - 99%
- Salinity:
- Not indicated
- Conductivity:
- 49.9 - 53.7 mS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1000, 1800, 3200, 5600 and 10000 mg/L nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 ml capacity borosilicate glass crystallising dishes, each containing 50 ml of test medium covered with soda glass watch covers.
- Aeration: no information
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
Natural seawater is supplied by pump from Scapa Flow, Orkney. All seawater is UV sterilised and filtered to 0.2 μm.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: yes, the pH of the stock solution of 1000 mg/L was adjusted from 6.77 to 8.17 at test commencement; the pH of the stock solution of 10000 mg/L was adjusted from 3.5 to 7.87 at test commencement.
- Photoperiod: no information
- Light intensity: no information
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Measurement of water quality (dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature) are carried out in one replicate at each concentration at 0h, 24h, and 48h. Observation of mortalities are carried out at 24h and 48h. Conductivity is carried out in one control and also in the highest and lowest test concentration, one replicate only at 0h and 48h.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 1000, 100, 10 and 1 mg/L, plus four control vessels.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: the range-finding test exhibited no significant effect at 1000 mg/L after 48h (dilution series). - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5 DCP at 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 503 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 1490 - 1532 mg/L
- Details on results:
- At 48h, 80% of the copepods were immobile at a nominal test concentration of 1800 mg/L. 100% immobility was observed at test concentrations of 3200 mg/L and higher (see attached background material)
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 48h LC50 was 1.06 mg/L. This within the international standard range (48h LC50 of 0.4 to 1.5 mg/L)
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Mortalities are detemined in each vessel at 24 and 48h. The number of dead or immobile copepods are expressed as a proportion of the total number exposed.
Where sufficient response is observed, the 24 and 48h LC50, 48h LC90 and 48h NOEC values are calculated using an appropriate statistical method from the ToxCalc Version 5 software. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see "any other information"
- Conclusions:
- Ammonium citrate dibasic exhibited a 48h LC50 value of 1503.23 mg/L (nominal concentration) to the marine copepod Acartia tonsa in the aqueous phase (dilution series).
- Executive summary:
In a 48 -h acute toxicity study conducted according to ISO 14669 (1999) and ISO 5667-16 (1998) guidelines and GLP principles, Acartia tonsa (marine copepod) were exposed to the test substance under static conditions at the nominal concentrations of 1000, 1800, 3200, 5600 and 10000 mg/L and a blank seawater control (4 copepods per vessel, 2 replicates per concentration, 4 replicates for control).
Exposure concentrations were not analytically verified but this was considered not to invalidate the study. The 48h-LC50 for mobility was 1503 mg/L based on nominal concentrations. The study is considered to be reliable with restrictions.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 ºC
- pH:
- 6.5 - 8.5
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- expressed in terms of (NH4)2SO4 concentrations
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: Ewell et al. (1986)
- Details on results:
- For freshwater species all LC50 values were > 100 mg (NH4)2SO4/L.
A lower LC50 (96 h) of 47.7 mg (NH4)2SO4/L is observed for young green mussels (Perna viridis), a warm water marine species, at temperatures of 28 to 30 °C and an ambient pH of 8.0 to 8.3, also in a static test (Reddy and Menon, 1979). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- For freshwater species all LC50 values were > 100 mg (NH4)2SO4/L.
Results on marine species indicate a higher sensitivity than freshwater species. - Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Test organisms (species):
- other: several test species were presented in the SIDS
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna (freshwater)
Carcinus maenas (saltwater) (crab) - Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 535 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: neutralized
- Remarks:
- daphnia magna
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 85 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: not neutralized
- Remarks:
- daphnia magna
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 80 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: daphnia
- Remarks:
- exposure period not stated
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- exposure period not stated
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 160 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: Carcinus maenas (crab)
- Remarks:
- saltwater
- Details on results:
- Daphnia magna (freshwater) EC0 = 80 mg/L and EC100 = 120 mg/L: “long-time exposure in soft water”, exposure period and method not stated
Carcinus maenas (saltwater) (crab): method not stated - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In freshwater, citric acid appears to be of low toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic acute test invertebrate organisms, with consistent LC50/EC50 values of several hundred milligrams per litre.
The marine species for which data are available is the crab with an acute LC50 over 100 mg/L (160 mg/L).
Referenceopen allclose all
Validity of the test (ISO 14669)
- dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test was 96 -99% ( and thus > 80%)
- the mortality in the controls was 7.5% (and thus < 10%)
- the toxicity of the reference material was within the range specified in the international standard.
Description of key information
Based on the results with the source test substance and on the supporting results from the SIDS of citric acid and ammonium sulfate, the pure target substance ammonium dihydrogen citrate can be considered not to be acutely toxic to daphnia magna at concentrations of 100 mg/L and higher. The 48h-EC50 was 1503 mg/L. As the target substance is an aqueous solution with 45 to 86% water, this value needs to be multiplied by at least a factor of 1.8.
As the source substance was tested in marine species and according to the SIDS, it was shown that marine species tended to be more sensitive to ammonium sulfate than freshwater species, the result from the saltwater species is considered as worst-case value for the short-term freshwater invertebrates toxicity endpoint.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 1 503 mg/L
Marine water invertebrates
Marine water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 1 503 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.