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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 232-137-9 | CAS number: 7788-97-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 5 hours
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- As with all inorganic salts, the significance for toxicity or environmental assessment is the presence of specific ions that will form when in solution or when in biological systems.In the case of Cr III salts, the counter ion will have an effect on solubility and this is itself dependant on the type of media being used and in particular the pH of that media. It is generally accepted that in the case of metal salts, testing with salts that are soluble in the respective test media will ensure maximum exposure of the metal ions. This will include chlorides and nitrates as being more soluble and will indeed have relevance when dissolved in acid media, such as if ingested.Read-across to other chromium III salts is therefore considered valid as long as the exposure in the test system is greater than would be expected for the substance under review for registration.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Bucillus cereus was cultured in a nutrient broth which supplemented with Fe+2, Fe+3, Cr+3, Cd+2 separately, or in combination with each other, at 37° C for 5 hours. Bacterial growth was measured every half – hour, using spectrophotometer.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Cr+3 as Cr Cl3 6H20
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Cr+3: 533 mg of CrCl 3, 6H2O were dissolved in 50 ml distilled water and then made to 100 ml to prepare 20 mM/L of chromium chloride
- Test organisms (species):
- Bacillus sp.
- Details on inoculum:
- Nutrient agar (N.A.) and nutrient broth (N.B.) (Merk) were prepared as manufacturer recommendation.Bacillus cereus ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 11778, NCTC (National Collection of Type Culture) 1032 was used and cultivated on N.A. using streak plate method. The plate was incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC and then stored in the fridge.
- Test type:
- other: Agar plate
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 5 h
- Test temperature:
- 37 C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1, 5 and 10 ml of chromium stock solution was added to 199, 195 and 190 ml of Nutrient Broth and mixed well in order to have 0.1, 0.5 and 1mM concentrations of these elements.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 5 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cr (OH)3
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Duration:
- 5 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Cr3+
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Duration:
- 5 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 55 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: CrF3
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Details on results:
- Although the figures cited are entered as 'EC50', inhibition was ca 2% at the concentrations indicated. A precise EC50 was not determined.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- These finding revealed that Cr3+ has partial inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria. Bacterial growth was reduced to 79% and 76.7% using 0.1 mM/L (5.2 mg/l) and 0.5 mM/L (26 mg/l) concentration of chromium, respectively
- Executive summary:
This scientifically valid study shows limited inhibition of bactial growth at approximatley 55 mg/l CrF3
Reference
These finding revealed that Cr3+ has partial inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria. Bacterial growth was reduced to 79% and 76.7% using 0.1 mM/L (5.2 mg/l) and 0.5 mM/L (26 mg/l) concentration of chromium, respectively
This equates to inhibition of ca 25% at ca 96.5 mg/l Ca (OH)(NO3)2
Description of key information
Scientifically valid study shows limited inhibition of bactial growth at approximatley 50 mg/l equivalent of the hydroxide or chloride, with inhibition of specific bacterial strains starting at concentrations > 5 mg/l Cr III.
However, enhancement of growth at lower concentrations (essential element)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 50 mg/L
Additional information
Testing performed on other Cr III salts.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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