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EC number: 201-180-5 | CAS number: 79-14-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Partition coefficient
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The partition coefficient was defined as the ratio of the total concentration of the solute (glycolic acid) in the alcoholic phase (n-octyl alcohol) to its total concentration in the aqueous phase.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Analytical method:
- not specified
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- -1.11
- Temp.:
- 19 °C
- Conclusions:
- The partition coefficient of glycolic acid in octyl alcohols was 0.077 (Pow) (logPow -1.1) and in oleyl alcohols was 0.02.
- Executive summary:
The partition coefficient of glycolic acid in octyl alcohols was 0.077 (Pow) (logPow -1.1) and in oleyl alcohols was 0.02.
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Test substance details are unavailable within the report.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 117 (Partition Coefficient (n-octanol / water), HPLC Method)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- HPLC method
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < 0
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 4
- Conclusions:
- A partition coefficient test (n-octanol/water; OECD 117) was performed on glycolic acid 70% solution. The log Pow was < 0.
- Executive summary:
A partition coefficient test (n-octanol/water; OECD 117) was performed on glycolic acid 70% solution. The log Pow was < 0.
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 117 (Partition Coefficient (n-octanol / water), HPLC Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 830.7550 (Partition Coefficient, n-octanol / H2O, Shake Flask Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- HPLC method
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < 0.3
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 4
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < 0.3
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < 0.3
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 10
- Details on results:
- For each pH value, a mean exponential regression of the known partition coefficients of the standards versus their capacity factors was prepared, from which the partition coefficient of glycolic acid >99% was calculated.
- Conclusions:
- The partition coefficient of glycolic acid >99% was found to be less than 2 (log Pow < 0.3) at pH 4, 7 and 10.
- Executive summary:
The partition coefficient of glycolic acid >99% was found to be less than 2 (log Pow < 0.3) at pH 4, 7 and 10.
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 13 January 2021 - 18 August 2021
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.8 (Partition Coefficient - Shake Flask Method)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 107 (Partition Coefficient (n-octanol / water), Shake Flask Method)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see details on results below
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- flask method
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Key result
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < -1.52
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 2
- Key result
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < -1.22
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 5
- Key result
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < -1.2
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Key result
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- < -1.25
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 9
- Details on results:
- Due to issues with the method validation, for the partition coefficient, the validation results were not acceptable. It was felt that this was probably due to interferences due to the use of the pH buffers which resulted in changed chromatography for the method. Based on this it was concluded that the analytical method used was not suitable for analysis in buffers.
These issues with the analytical method meant that it was considered that definitive results for partition coefficient could not be obtained with this method. In addition the partition coefficient testing that was carried out gave some concentrations in the aqueous phases which were above the maximum specified concentration of 0.01M which meant results would not be acceptable.
Based on these issues with the analytical method it was decided that the partition coefficient would be estimated based on solubilities of the test item in aqueous buffers and in n-octanol.
The solubilities in aqueous buffers for the pH 5, 7 and 9 buffers were taken from the water solubility results. The solubilities in the pH 2 buffer and n-octanol were taken from the solubility assessments based on visual observation. - Conclusions:
- The log Pow of the test substance was found to be < -1.20 at 20 °C and pH 7.This is a calculated value using aqueous solubility by sample analysis and octanol solubility by visual assessment. Effect of pH was assessed at pH 2, 5, 7 and 9 and results demonstrated that pH has minimal effect on the partition coefficient.
Referenceopen allclose all
The test substance was completely soluble in methanol:water 3:1 and gave clear solution at a concentration of 1.2 mg.ml-1. A peak with retention time of ca. 2 min was a system peak.
Description of key information
The partition coefficient (logKow) of glycolic acid was determined to be < -1,2 at pH 2, 5, 7 and 9.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Log Kow (Log Pow):
- -1.2
- at the temperature of:
- 20 °C
Additional information
Four experimental data are available, providing values in agreement:
- logPow between < -1,52 and < -1,2 at pH 2, 5, 7 and 9 (K2; ratio of solubilities; Foster 2021),
- log Pow < 0.3 (S1; HPLC; HLS 2002),
- logPow < 0 (S2; HPLC; Terra Env 1998),
- log Pow = -1.11 (S2; ratio of solubilities; literature, Collander 1951).
In the Foster study, an attempt was made to determine logKow with the flask method, but due to issues with the analytical method validation, the results were estimated from the ratio of solubilities in each media. It is nevertheless considered reliable, and of higher interest than HPLC results, based on lower limit value. Therefore it was chosen as the key study. The higher value of the range is retained as key value, as the worst-case to cover the whole pH scale.
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