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EC number: 201-058-1 | CAS number: 77-78-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions: - In this study only a mean score, primary cutenous irritant index, was calculated, which was used for the classification of the test substance according to the AFNOR scale. This is not according to OECD. - According to the guideline, a single dose is applied to the skin of the animals. In this study two patches with the dose were applied to the skin of the animals. -According to the guideline, the test material should be removed at the end of the exposure time. In this study, it was not mentioned, if this was done. - According to the guideline tabulation of irritation response data for each individual animal for each observation time period should be stated. In this study only a mean score including all investigated animals was given.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Evaluation of the cutaneous-irritation potential of 56 compounds
- Author:
- Guillot, J.P. et al.
- Year:
- 1 982
- Bibliographic source:
- Fd. Chem. Toxic. Vol. 20: 563-572
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Rationale for reliability"
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dimethyl sulphate
- EC Number:
- 201-058-1
- EC Name:
- Dimethyl sulphate
- Cas Number:
- 77-78-1
- Molecular formula:
- C2H6O4S
- IUPAC Name:
- dimethyl sulfate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Dimethyl sulfate
- Physical state: Colourless liquid
- pH: approx. 1.0
No further information on test material was stated.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Roucher SA, Couhé
- Weight at study initiation: ca. 2.5 kg
No further information on test animals was stated.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- not specified
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied: A dose of 0.5 ml of the organic phase of a 50/50 (v/v) aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfate was applied onto two approx. 6 cm^2 gauze pads.
No further information on amount/concentration was stated. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hr
- Observation period:
- Macroscopic observation were made at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hr after patch removal.. Further readings at day 7 and day 14 were added in cases of pronounced irritation, to evaluate the possible reversibility of the lesions.
- Number of animals:
- 6 male rabbits
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure and type of wrap if used: Each rabbit was clipped over the back and flanks with a fine toothed electric clipper (Aesculap Type V 42 947), to give a precise cut (height 0.05 mm) without causing mechanical irritation of the skin. For the application of the test item, two sterile four-layered hydrophilic-gauze pads were placed on the skin of each rabbit, one pad on the right flank and one on the left side. The pads were held in place with adhesive tape.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
Nothing was stated
SCORING SYSTEM: Each treated area was scored for erythema and oedema using a numerical system (0-4 in each case according to severity) based on that described by Draize, Woodard & Calvery (1948).
No further details on study design were stated.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Primary cutaneous irritation index
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1, 24, 48, 72 hours
- Score:
- 5.98
- Max. score:
- 8
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 14 days
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The lesions showed only slight regression by day 14, when erythema was still clearly visible and oedema was occasionally recorded.
- Other effects:
- No data
Any other information on results incl. tables
The scores obtained for erythema and oedema at both of the treated sites in all six animals at the reading times were totalled. The sum obtained was then divided by the total number of readings to provide a mean score termed the primary cutaneous irritation index (PCI). The total number of readings (erythema + oedema) were 48 corresponding to two application sites on six animals at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hr after removal of the patches. The slightly different AFNOR scale (PCI below 0.5, non-irritant; 0.5 - 3. slightly irritant; 3 -5, moderately irritant; 5 - 8, severly irritant) was used to interpret the results.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- corrosive
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Dimethyl sulfate was considered to be corrosive.
According to the criteria specified by Directive 67/548/EEC and subsequent regulations, the test item is classified as skin corrosive.
According to the EC Regulation No. 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is classified as Category 1A.
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