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EC number: 200-913-6 | CAS number: 75-89-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 2010-07-12 to 2010-08-13
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Study performed according to OECD 310 Guideline and under GLP with all validity criteria fulfilled.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 310 (Ready Biodegradability - CO2 in Sealed Vessels (Headspace Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- 2009-08-05
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant (Darmsadt, Germany)
- Laboratory culture: no data
- Method of cultivation: The activated sludge used for this study was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was de-canted. The solid material was re-suspended in tap water and again centrifuged. This procedure was repeated up to three times. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of wet sludge to its dry weight determined.
- Storage conditions: no data
- Storage length: no data
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The activated sludge used for this study was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was re-suspended in tap water and again centrifuged. This procedure was repeated up to three times. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of wet sludge to its dry weight determined.
Based on this ratio, calculated aliquots of washed sludge suspension were mixed with test water corresponding to 4 g dry material per litre and then aerated using CO2-free air until use.
The dry matter of the sludge suspension was determined before test start and appropriate amounts of the sludge suspension were mixed with test medium to achieve a final concentration of 4 mg dry material per litre.
- Pretreatment: no data
- Concentration of sludge: 4 mg/L of dry material
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: no data
- Water filtered: yes
- Type and size of filter used, if any: no data - Duration of test (contact time):
- ca. 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 83 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
- Additional substrate:
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used):
- Test temperature:
- pH:
- pH adjusted: yes/no
- CEC (meq/100 g):
- Aeration of dilution water:
- Suspended solids concentration:
- Continuous darkness: yes/no
- Other:
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus:
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
- Method used to create aerobic conditions:
- Method used to create anaerobic conditions:
- Measuring equipment:
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance:
- Test performed in open system:
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used:
- Other:
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency:
- Sampling method:
- Sterility check if applicable:
- Sample storage before analysis:
- Other:
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank:
- Abiotic sterile control:
- Toxicity control:
- Other:
STATISTICAL METHODS: - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Preliminary study:
- not applicable
- Test performance:
- No deviation.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- ca. -0.5
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- - Percentage Biodegradation: The mean percentage biodegradation at the end of the 28-day exposure period was -0.5%. The results are represented in Table 1.
- Conclusion: The percentage biodegradation did not exceed 60% after 28 days of incubation. The test item can therefore be considered not to be readily biodegradable. - Results with reference substance:
- - Percentage Biodegradation: The reference item sodium benzoate was degraded to 162% after 14 days and to 146% after 28 days of incubation. Degradation rates above 100% result from a complete degradation of the reference item and also from an additional utilisation of retained resources. The sludge bacteria were very active so that after five days the reference item was more than completely degraded. In case of a lack of nutrition the bacteria began to degrade themselves.
- Conclusion: The percentage biodegradation of the reference item confirms the suitability of the used aerobic activated sludge inoculum. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- The percentage biodegradation did not exceed 60% after 28 days of incubation. The test item can therefore be considered not to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
A ready biodegradability test was performed, according to OECD Guideline 310, which allows the biodegradability to be measured in an aerobic aqueous medium. Microorganisms (obtained from the municipal sewage treatment plant of Darmstadt, Germany) are inoculated into a chemically defined liquid medium containing only the test substance (Trifluoroethanol at C-content 19.871 mg/L) or only the reference substance (Sodium benzoate at 19.824 mg/L) or the test substance with the reference substance (toxicity control) under aerobic conditions for a period of 28 days. The temperature ranged from 20°C. The biodegradation was determined by following the CO2 evolution of the test item in the incubation flasks during exposure. The percentages biodegradation after 28 days were -0.5 % for Trifluoroethanol, 146 % for the reference item and 123% for the toxicity control. Degradation rates above 100% result from from a complete degradation of the reference item and also from additional utilisation of retained resources. The sludge bacteria were very active so that after five days the reference item was completely degraded. In the toxicity control the inhibition value was 12 %, and therefore clearly below the 25 % criterion. Thus, the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge micro organisms.
Under the test conditions, Trifluoroethanol was not biodegraded and should therefore not be classified as readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Remarks:
- A biodegradation screening test of TFEA was conducted according to Japanese MITI guideline but the english report available is not well documented (summary) and the methodology is not adapted to the test substance (volatilization from test bottles). However, the results are in line with the key study.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Test was conducted according to Japanese guideline “Test method on new chemical substances” (S 49 ENV5, MH615, 49MITI392).
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- Urban drainage return sludge was used for this study
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Details on study design:
- Test system
No.1 positive control aniline + sludge + incubation medium
No.2 Control sludge + incubation medium
No. 3 & 4. Test test substance + sludge + incubation medium
Test volume 300 ml
Temperature 25 +/- 1°C
Concentrations
Standard sample (aniline) and test sample 100 mg/L
Sludge 30 mg/L - Preliminary study:
- Test results after 28 days
Items Test sample No*) Theoretical
1 2
BOD, mg -0.8 -1.0 21.6
DOC, mg/l 14.6 15.4 24.0
*) values after Calibrated by control system. - Test performance:
- No data
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: BOD
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 38
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Degradability derived from BOD gave negative values.
- Results with reference substance:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- Average degradability of TFEA after 28 days derived from BOD was 0% and that derived from DOC was 38 %. Thus the biodegradability of TFEA seemed to be non-biodegradable.
Because of low boiling point and high vapor pressure of TFEA, TFEA volatilized from test bottles seemed to give apparent biodegradability derived from COD measurement. - Executive summary:
A biodegradation screening test of TFEA was conducted according to Japanese MITI guideline “Test method on new chemical substances” (S 49 ENV5, MH615, 49MITI392). Average degradability of TFEA after 28 days derived from BOD was 0% and that derived from DOC was 38 %. Thus the biodegradability of TFEA seemed to be non-biodegradable. However the english report available is not well documented enough (summary) to assess the study reliability and the methodology is not adapted to the test substance. Because of low boiling point and high vapor pressure of TFEA, TFEA volatilized from test bottles seemed to give apparent biodegradability derived from COD measurement.The results ae considered as sshow that trifluoroethanol is not ready biodegradable which is in line with the key study.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table1: Inorganic Carbon produced in Test Flasks During the Test Period of 28 Days
Treatment | C-content (mg/L) | Replicate | TIC [mg/L] day | TIC corrected [mg/L] day | % biodegradation [net measured TIC/initial C x 100] | |||||||||||||||||||||
0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 21 | 28 | |||
Control | - | 1 | 0.31 | 1.89 | 0.33 | 1.04 | 0.95 | 2.94 | 1.41 | 2.81 | ||||||||||||||||
2 | -0.25 | 0.94 | 0.73 | 1.12 | 0.7 | 1.98 | 1.35 | 3.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
3 | * | 0.92 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.57 | 1.45 | 0.72 | 2.37 | ||||||||||||||||||
4 | 1.96 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 2.67 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
mean | 0.03 | 1.25 | 0.46 | 0.82 | 0.74 | 2.13 | 1.16 | 2.59 | ||||||||||||||||||
CV % | 1359 | 44 | 49 | 54 | 26 | 36 | 33 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||
Na-Benzoate | 19.824 | 1 | 0.33 | - | 35.08 | - | - | 32.69 | - | 36.55 | 0.3 | - | 34.62 | - | - | 30.57 | - | 33.96 | 1.5 | - | 174.6 | - | - | 154.2 | - | 171.3 |
2 | 0.28 | - | 27.86 | - | - | 35.94 | - | 35.99 | 0.25 | - | 27.39 | - | - | 33.81 | - | 33.4 | 1.3 | - | 138.2 | - | - | 170.6 | - | 168.5 | ||
3 | 0.36 | - | 21.82 | - | - | * | - | 31.46 | 0.33 | - | 21.36 | - | - | - | 28.87 | 1.7 | - | 107.7 | - | - | - | 145.6 | ||||
4 | 27.28 | 24.69 | 124.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 25.99 | 23.4 | 118 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
mean | 0.32 | - | 28.25 | - | - | 34.31 | - | 31.45 | 0.29 | 27.79 | 32.19 | 28.86 | 1.5 | 140.2 | 162.4 | 145.6 | ||||||||||
CV % | 13 | - | 24 | - | - | 7 | - | 15 | 15 | 24 | 7 | 17 | 13 | 24 | 7 | 17 | ||||||||||
Trifluoroethanol | 19.871 | 1 | 0.54 | 1.19 | 0.33 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 1.07 | 1.14 | 2.43 | 0.51 | -0.06 | -0.14 | 0.67 | -0.24 | -1.06 | -0.03 | -0.16 | 2.6 | -0.3 | -0.7 | 3.4 | -1.2 | -5.3 | -0.1 | -0.8 |
2 | 0.22 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 1.31 | 1.09 | 0.72 | 0.53 | 2.23 | 0.19 | -0.49 | 0.31 | 0.49 | 0.35 | -1.41 | -0.63 | -0.36 | 0.9 | -2.5 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 1.8 | -7.1 | -3.2 | -1.8 | ||
3 | 0.61 | 0.95 | 0.45 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 1.42 | 1.14 | 3.06 | 0.58 | -0.3 | -0.01 | 0.98 | -0.54 | -0.71 | -0.02 | 0.47 | 2.9 | -1.5 | -0.1 | 4.9 | -2.7 | -3.6 | -0.1 | 2.4 | ||
4 | -0.26 | -1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | -0.2 | -1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
mean | 0.45 | 0.97 | 0.52 | 1.54 | 0.6 | 1.07 | 0.94 | 2.49 | 0.42 | -0.28 | 0.05 | 0.71 | -0.14 | -1.06 | -0.22 | -0.1 | 2.1 | -1.4 | 0.3 | 3.6 | -0.7 | -5.3 | -1.1 | -0.5 | ||
CV % | 46 | 23 | 44 | 16 | 76 | 33 | 37 | 13 | 49 | -78 | 461 | 35 | -325 | -33 | -159 | -320 | 51 | -79 | 398 | 35 | -327 | -33 | -163 | -333 | ||
Toxicity control | 19.824 | 1 | 0.7 | - | 26.77 | - | - | 34.09 | - | 10.84 | 0.67 | - | 26.3 | - | - | 31.96 | - | 8.25 | 3.4 | 132.7 | 161.2 | 41.6 | ||||
2 | 0.65 | - | 28.36 | - | - | 30.5 | - | 30.59 | 0.62 | - | 27.9 | - | - | 28.37 | - | 28 | 3.1 | 140.7 | 143.1 | 141.2 | ||||||
3 | * | - | 25.56 | - | - | 34.75 | - | 29.06 | - | 25.09 | - | - | 32.62 | - | 26.47 | 126.6 | 164.6 | 133.5 | ||||||||
4 | 36.18 | 33.59 | 169.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 33.06 | 30.47 | 153.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
mean | 0.67 | 26.89 | 33.11 | 27.94 | 0.64 | 26.43 | 30.99 | 25.35 | 3.3 | 133.3 | 156.3 | 127.9 | ||||||||||||||
CV % | 6 | 5 | 7 | 36 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 39 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 39 | ||||||||||||||
% Inhibition in the toxicity control at day 28 | 12 |
Description of key information
A ready biodegradability test was performed, according to EU Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Die-Away Test, which allows the biodegradability to be measured in an aerobic aqueous medium. The percentages biodegradation of Trifluoroethanol were 52 and 75% in the replicates after 35 days of exposure and the control abiotic degradation was 64%. Trifluoroethanol was considered not to be biodegraded and should therefore not be classified as readily biodegradable. However, these results were invalided because the differences of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the end of the test are > 20%.
Another biodegradation screening test of Trifluoroethanol was conducted according to Japanese MITI guideline “Test method on new chemical substances” (S 49 ENV5, MH615, 49MITI392). Average degradability after 28 days derived from BOD was 0% and that derived from DOC was 38 %. However the english report available is not well documented enough (summary) to assess the study reliability and the methodology was not adapted to the test substance. Indeed, it is reported that apparent biodegradability derived from COD measurement is probably due to Trifluoroethanol volatilization from test bottles.
Based on these results, a new ready biodegradability in a CO2 headspace test was performed, according to OECD Guideline 310. Microorganisms from a municipal sewage treatment plant were inoculated into medium containing only the test substance or only the reference substance or the test substance with the reference substance (toxicity control) under aerobic conditions for a period of 28 days. The biodegradation was determined by the CO2 evolution in the incubation flasks during exposure. The percentages biodegradation after 28 days were -0.5% forTrifluoroethanol, 146 % for the reference item and 123% for the toxicity control. It was postulated that degradation rates above 100% resulted from a complete degradation of the reference item and also from additional utilisation of retained resources. Under these test conditions, Trifluoroethanol was not biodegraded and should therefore not be classified as readily biodegradable. This result is supported by the two others studies.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
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