Bromoacetic acid

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

August to October 1991

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study (OECD, EPA, etc)

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1991

Report date:

1991

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Bromoacetic acid

EC Number:

201-175-8

EC Name:

Bromoacetic acid

Cas Number:

79-08-3

Molecular formula:

C2H3BrO2

IUPAC Name:

2-bromoacetic acid

Test material form:

solid: crystalline

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): monobromoacetic acid
- Substance type: hygroscopic white to yellow crystals
- Physical state: Solid
- Analytical purity: > 98%
- Purity test date: > 98%
- Lot/batch No.: 0271763
- Storage condition of test material: stored at room temperature
- Other:

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES are detailed in section 4 of the IUCLID dossier.

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

Not performed

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test substance was warmed to about 50°C and a quantity of 2000 mg of monobromoacetic acid was accurately weighed out and dissolved in 2000 ml of dilution water (DSWL).
- Controls: DSWL
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): DSWL
-Composition of the DSWL:
The nominal composition:
* Na+ 1.19 mmol/l
* K+ 0.20 mmol/l
* Ca2+ 1.36 mmol/l
* Mg2+ 0.73 mmol/l
* CI- 2.72 mmol/l
* SO42- 0.73 mmol/l
* HCO3- 1.39 mmol/l
This medium is prepared by addition of several salts to groundwater from a locality near Linschoten (the Netherlands). The groundwater contains several other trace elements (<< 1 mg/l).

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Brachydanio rerio
- Source: Commercial hatchery M.B. Ruysbrock B.V. (Noordvliet 159. Maassluis).
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 1.9 ± 0.1 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.05 ± 0.01 g
- Feeding during test: Not fed

ACCLIMATION: Not reported in the report

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

Hardness expressed as CaCO3: 210 mg/L
The total organic carbon content: 2.0 mg/L

Test temperature:

Varied between 24.6 and 25.2 °C

pH:

Varied between 3.6 and 8.1
Substance induced pH reduction:
* Nominal conc of test substance 0 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 8.1 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 18 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 7.5 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 32 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 7.3 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 56 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 6.9 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 100 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 6.5 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 180 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 5.7 (pH value just after dosing)
* Nominal conc of test substance 320 mg/l (0h) --> pH: 3.6 (pH value just after dosing)

* Nominal conc of test substance 0 mg/l (96h) --> pH: 8.1 (pH value just before replacement)
* Nominal conc of test substance 18 mg/l (96h) --> pH: 8.1 (pH value just before replacement)
* Nominal conc of test substance 32 mg/l (96h) --> pH: 8.0 (pH value just before replacement)
* Nominal conc of test substance 56 mg/l (96h) --> pH: 8.0 (pH value just before replacement)
* Nominal conc of test substance 100 mg/l (96h) --> pH: 7.9 (pH value just before replacement)

Note: It is more likely that the pH influenced mortality at a concentration of 320 mg/l. Furthermore, it cannot be excluded that the pH value also affected the results at 180 mg/l.

Dissolved oxygen:

Varied between 7.5 and 8.3 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Initial test concentrations: 18, 32, 56, 100, 180 and 320 mg/l
Measured concentrations: not detremined

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 2000 ml all-glass beakers - 1500 ml of test solution
- Aeration: Slightly aerated
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Test solutions and control were replaced daily (semi-static).
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 fishes
- No. of vessels per concentration: No replicates

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
Dilution water (DSWL) - refer to "details on test solution" for further information on DSWL.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light-8h dark regime

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
The dead animals were counted and removed at least after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h.
At the same times the condition (swinuning behaviour, colour, respiratory function or any other observable morphological or visual behavioural criterion) of the survivors was visually compared with that of the control animals.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: yes to be able to determine final test concentration but no data/result reported in the study report.
- Test concentrations: 18, 32, 56, 100, 180 and 320 mg/l

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

103 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

180 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

Remark for the NOEC value presented:
One animal was dead at 100 mg/l, but because 10% mortality (in the control) is allowed according to OECD 203, this concentration is recorded as the 96h NOEC, with regard to mortality as criterion.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

According to the test performed on Danio rerio, the substance monobromoacetic acid, is not considered as toxic. LC50(96h): 103 mg/l experssed in nominal concentration. Therefore, no classification of bromoacetic for the environment acid is required based on this test.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of monobromoacetic acid to the fresh-water fish species Brachydanio rerio was determined as described in the OECD Guideline no. 203 and according to the principles of Good Laboratory Practice.

The test was carried out as a semi-static test with daily replacement of the test solutions and with 10 fishes for each concentration.

The exposure duration was 96 hours. The nominal concentrations tested were 18, 32, 56, 100 and 320 mg/l.

The test substance appeared to be completely dissolved at all concentrations tested (visually assessed).

The results of the test were (in nominal concentrations):

* 48h LC50 (mortality) 134 mg/l

* 96h LC50 (mortality) 103 mg/l

Slope of the concentration-effect curve 67

* 96h LCl00 (mortality) 180 mg/l

* 96h NOEC (mortality = 96h LC0) 100 mg/l

* 96h NOEC (condition) 100 mg/l