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EC number: 401-540-3 | CAS number: 84632-65-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Density
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- relative density
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO 787/10
- Version / remarks:
- 1981
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- pycnometer method
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: A31506
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: -
- Purity test date: -
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING: none - Key result
- Type:
- relative density
- Density:
- ca. 1.58 g/cm³
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: stuy report states 'room temperature'
- Conclusions:
- Using a pycnometer method according to ISO 787/10-1981, the substance's density was determined as of 1.58 g/cm³.
- Executive summary:
Using a pycnometer method according to ISO 787/10-1981, the substance's density was determined as of 1.58 g/cm³ at room temperature.
- Endpoint:
- density, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1986
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.3 (Relative Density)
- Version / remarks:
- - ECC Directive 84/449, A.3
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- air comparison pycnometer (for solids)
- Key result
- Type:
- density
- Density:
- 1 580 kg/m³
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Conclusions:
- The density of the test substance was determined to be 1580 kg/m³ at 20°C.
- Endpoint:
- relative density
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- 1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
The read-across is performed between two forms of the same substance. The identities of the two forms are describe below.
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
The source form is 3,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-1,4-dione (EC-no. 401-540-3), referred to here as PR254. PR254 is an organic mono-constituent substance with a typical purity of > 99.5% (w/w). It does not contain any impurity relevant for classification or labelling of the substance.
The target form is the nanoform of the source substance, referred to here as PR254 nanoform. As the source form, it has a typical purity of > 99.5% (w/w) and it does not contain any impurity relevant for classification or labelling of the substance. The PR254 nanoform is spheroidal with a pure polyhedral shape and is not surface-treated.
3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
The two analogue forms have the same structure. Under ambient atmosphere, the specific surface energy of particles increases with decreasing particle size. Therefore, particle aggregate to reach an energy minimum. The driving forces are hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces (π-π interaction). Substantial energy is required to disperse the PR254 nanoform aggregates to particles that fall under the nanoform definition.
PR254 was been tested extensively addressing information requirements of Annexes VII to IX without identifying any biological target. PR254 nanoform could potentially have biological targets due to the different particle size distribution, which would require processes capable of dispersing the aggregates, e.g. in aqueous milieu. However, both forms have been tested according to OECD Test Guideline 318, demonstrating that PR254 nanoform cannot be dispersed under the condition of the study, i.e. immediately after sonification re-forms aggregates. Also, PR254 aggregates to a large extent, but can be more easily dispersed than the nanoform. The experiments demonstrated that exposure in aqueous milieu will be primarily to aggregates, regardless of the PR254 form.
Therefore, it is concluded that both forms will behave identically in studies, in which they are applied under atmospheric conditions and/or in aqueous milieus, so that for the PR254 nano-form no specific biological targets need to be considered.
Most physico-chemical properties (PCP) are inherent properties of a substance, which are not affected by the substance form. In addition, many PCP are determined starting the experimental procedure under ambient conditions, at which both forms have a similar particle size distribution. Therefore, the density will also be similar and the read-across from the source to the target form is scientifically justified.
4. DATA MATRIX
The data matrix is included as Annex 1 in the assessment report ‘PR254 bulk nano analogue approach 210111’ attached here below under ‘Attached justification’. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO 787/10
- Version / remarks:
- 1981
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- pycnometer method
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: A31506
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: -
- Purity test date: -
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING: none - Key result
- Type:
- relative density
- Density:
- ca. 1.58 g/cm³
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: stuy report states 'room temperature'
- Conclusions:
- Using a pycnometer method according to ISO 787/10-1981, the substance's density was determined as of 1.58 g/cm³.
- Executive summary:
Using a pycnometer method according to ISO 787/10-1981, the substance's density was determined as of 1.58 g/cm³ at room temperature.
Referenceopen allclose all
Density was determined using two samples. The average density is reported as the key result.
Results of successive volume measurements:
Analysis I | Analysis II | |
Assay 1 (mL) | 1.86 | 1.93 |
Assay 2 (mL) | 1.88 | 1.96 |
Assay 3 (mL) | 1.89 | 1.95 |
Average (mL) | 1.877 | 1.947 |
Blank (mL) | 0.158 | 0.158 |
Effective volume (mL) | 1.719 | 1.789 |
Density was determined using two samples. The average density is reported as the key result.
Description of key information
The substance's density was determined as 1.58 g/cm³ in two independent pycnometer studies using different samples.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Relative density at 20C:
- 1.58
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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