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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 413-920-6 | CAS number: 88949-33-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1992
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP and OECD testing guideline compliant study with well characterized test material
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 993
- Report date:
- 1993
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
Test material
- Details on test material:
- - Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
- Lot/batch No.: Z-2281/1,2,4,5
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: April 01, 1997
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Himalayan
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: Approx. 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 318 - 450 grams
- Housing: 2 animals per cage
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21°C
- Humidity (%): 55
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1992-09-15 To: 1992-10-16
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- Intradermal injections:
a) The test substance suspended to 5% (w/w) with polyethylene glycol,
b) The test substance, a similar concentration as used In (A), and Freunds' Complete Adjuvant, 0.05 ml of each solution per site separately*.
Epidermal applications
50% in vaseline (induction)
10, 25, 50% (challenge)
Challengeopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- Intradermal injections:
a) The test substance suspended to 5% (w/w) with polyethylene glycol,
b) The test substance, a similar concentration as used In (A), and Freunds' Complete Adjuvant, 0.05 ml of each solution per site separately*.
Epidermal applications
50% in vaseline (induction)
10, 25, 50% (challenge)
- No. of animals per dose:
- 20 (test item)
10 (control) - Details on study design:
- Prior to each intradermal treatment, the test substance was weighed into small
glass containers, polyethylene glycol was added (w/w) and subsequently mixed
using a mechanical stirrer and/or spatula.
Doses were chosen based on a preliminary study.
Prior to each epidermal treatment, the test substance was weighed into a
mortar, vaseline was added (w/w) and subsequently mixed using a pestle.
On day 7, approximately 24 hours prior to the epidermal induction application,
the scapular area (approximately 6 x 8 cm) was clipped and shaved free of
hair, and pretreated with 10 % Sodium-Dodecyl-Sulfate (SDS) in vaseline.
The SDS was massaged into the skin with a spatula without bandaging. This
concentration of SDS enhances sensitisation by provoking a mild inflammatory
reaction.
All animals were sacrificed after the termination of observation by carbon
dioxide asphyxiation. Immediately thereafter, the four challenge treated skin
areas of the last challenge were cut using a surgical scissor. Each skin site
was collected in a coded, perforated small cassette and per animal fixed in
neutral phosphate buffered 4% formaldehyde solution.
Sections were cut from the skin sites of experimental and control animals
treated with the highest test substance concentration and with the vehicle.
The sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. At least one section
from each skin site was microscopically examined by a pathologist.
No microscopically examination was performed on the skin sites treated with
the intermediate concentrations of experimental and control animals. - Challenge controls:
- vehicle
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Formaldehyde
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- Clearly positive results were observed in the experimental animals after the challenge with 0.2% (w/w) FORMALDEHYDE in distilled water.
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 50%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- Histopathological examination revealed no treatment related differences between the 50% test substance concentration treated- and control-skin areas in both experimental and control animals.
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 50% . No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: Histopathological examination revealed no treatment related differences between the 50% test substance concentration treated- and control-skin areas in both experimental and control animals. .
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 50%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 50%. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0.
- Reading:
- other: 1st and second reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: other: 1st and second reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 0. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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