Hydratropaldehyde

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

30.06.2017 - 3.07.2017

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Experimental test result performed using standard test guideline

Justification for type of information:

Data is from ABITEC lab report.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Short term toxicity of 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (hydratropaldehyde) to aquatic algae was performed according to the ---- OECD guideline in a static system.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde
Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): C9H10O
Molecular weight (if other than submission substance):134.19
Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): c1([C@@H](C=O)C)ccccc1
InChl (if other than submission substance): 1S/C9H10O/c18(710)9532469/h28H,1H3
Substance Type: Organic
Physical State: Liquid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

The stock solution 100 g/l was prepared by dissolving colourles liquid in acetone. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture.

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name:
- Strain: 86.81 SAG
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Institute of botany of the ASCR
- Initial biomass concentration: 5x10(3) cells /ml
- Method of cultivation: No data available

ACCLIMATION - No data available
- Acclimation period:
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not):
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed:

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

±1 hour

Test temperature:

23±2°C

pH:

Test at highest concentration 100 mg/l: 8.1 (Change to 7.8 during tests)
Control: 8.2 (changed to 7.7 during test)
Control + acetone: 8.2 change to 7.6

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 0, 25, 45, 49, 69, 100 mg/l nominal concentration

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 ml Glass vessel
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (with air permeable stopper)
- Sample volume: 15 ml
- Initial cells density: 5x10(3) cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: Continuous
- Light intensity and quality: 6000-8000 lx

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: microscope with counting chamber Cyrus I or electronic particle counter.
- Other: ErC50 was calculated using non-linear regression by the software Prism 4.0

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

other: ErC50

Effect conc.:

82 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 77.4 - 87 mg/l

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Results with reference substance valid
- EC50: 0.75 mg/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

ErC50 was calculated using non-linear regression by the software Prism 4.0

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (hydratropaldehyde), in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 82 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study.

Executive summary:

Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydratropaldehyde according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 100 g/l was prepared by dissolving colourles liquid in acetone. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied by using the 0, 0, 25, 45, 49, 69, 100 mg/l nominal concentrations. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (hydratropaldehyde), in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 82 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the CLP criteria. But by the data available for the biodegradation in water which says that the chemical was readily biodegradable thus chemical consider as nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria

Description of key information

Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydratropaldehyde according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 100 g/l was prepared by dissolving colourles liquid in acetone. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied by using the 0, 0, 25, 45, 49, 69, 100 mg/l nominal concentrations. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (hydratropaldehyde), in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 82 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the CLP criteria. But by the data available for the biodegradation in water which says that the chemical was readily biodegradable thus chemical consider as nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

82 mg/L

Additional information

Based on the various experimental data for the target chemical study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (93 -53 -8) on the growth of algae and cyanobacteria. The studies are as mentioned below: 

In the first experimental study for the target chemical (93 -53 -8) from ABITEC report study was carried out. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydratropaldehyde according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 100 g/l was prepared by dissolving colourless liquid in acetone. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied by using the 0, 0, 25, 45, 49, 69, 100 mg/l nominal concentrations. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (hydratropaldehyde), in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 82 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the CLP criteria. But by the data available for the biodegradation in water which says that the chemical was readily biodegradable thus chemical consider as nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In the second experimental supporting study for the RA chemical (98-85-1) UERL report 2014, the effect of test substance 1-phenylethanol, CAS No. 98-85-1 was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 100 mg/l and 200 mg/l were prepared using stock solution of the test substance using de-ionized water. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of test substance. EC50 calculated from probit analysis was observed to be > 200 mg/L and EC35 graphically was observed to be 200 mg/L. According to the CLP regulation the substance was not classified.

 

Similarly in the third experimental supporting study for the RA chemical (98-82-8) from peer reviewed journal Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Growth inhibition test was performed in Selenastrum capricornutum and algal growth was evaluated by a coulter counter apparatus. From the experiment it was observed that the EC50 value for Selenastrum capricornutum for Isopropylbenzene (98-82-8) was determined to be 2.6 mg/l concentration by using growth inhibition test. Based on this value the substances was classified in chronic category 2 , since the substance was biodegradable so the chemical was not classified according to the CLP regulations.

 

The above studies was supported by the fourth experimental study for the read across chemical (98-82-8) from peer reviewed journal 1980. Inhibition of 50% photosynthesis was observed for algae Chlamydomonas angulosa. Three-to-four day exponential phase cells were used and14C02uptake was used as an indication of photosynthesis in a standard method. The algal cultures were grown in Bold's Basal medium (BBM) and dilutions were prepared with BBM to provide 0, 20, 50 and 100 percent of the original saturation level of hydrocarbon. The isotope was added at time zero and glass stoppered flasks incubated under the described conditions for three hours. After experiment it was observed that the EC50value was observed for algae Chlamydomonas angulosa for isopropylbenzene (98-82-8) were determined as 73 mmol/m3 (8774.162 mg/l) in 3 hrs. As per CLP regulation the chemical was not classified.

 

Thus based on above all sources toxicity on 2 Phenylpropionaldehyde (93 -53 -8) from ABITEC experimental report and for the read across chemical from UERL and peer reviewed journal, it can be concluded that the chemical was consider as nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.