Aluminium sulphate

Density

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

relative density

Type of information:

not specified

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

Data from a peer-reviewed handbook, accepted as a reliable data source according to Chapter R.7A of REACH Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, adequate for assessment. Restrictions apply as no experimental details and purity is not specified.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

unspecified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Remarks:

handbook data

Type:

relative density

Density:

2.71 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

temperature not specified (assumed ambient)

Conclusions:

The substance is much more dense than water.

Executive summary:

A reference handbook provides a density of 2.71 g/cm³ for the anhydrous form of the substance.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

density, other

Remarks:

A reference data source provides a density of 2.71 g/cm3for the anhydrous form of the substance.

Type of information:

not specified

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

Data source accepted as reliable according to Chapter R.7A of REACH Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, adequate for assessment. Restrictions apply as no experimental details and purity is not specified.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

unspecified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Remarks:

catalog data

Type:

density

Density:

2.71 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Remarks on result:

other: supposed anhydrous form

Conclusions:

The substance is much more dense than water.

Executive summary:

A reference data source provides a density of 2.71 g/cm³for the anhydrous form of the substance.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

relative density

Type of information:

not specified

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

Data from a peer-reviewed handbook, accepted as a reliable data source according to Chapter R.7A of REACH Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, adequate for assessment. Restrictions apply as no experimental details and purity is not specified.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Principles of method if other than guideline:

unspecified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Remarks:

handbook data

Type:

relative density

Density:

1.61

Remarks on result:

other: (ref.1) supposed anhydrous form

Type:

relative density

Density:

1.69

Temp.:

17 °C

Remarks on result:

other: (ref.2) Aluminum Sulphate Octadecahydrate

Conclusions:

The substance, as anhydrous or hydrated form, is more dense than water.

Executive summary:

A reference handbook, also cited in a reference database provides a density value of 1.61 for the anhydrous form.

A value of 1.69 is also cited for the octadecahydrate form.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

density, other

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Justification for type of information:

The test substance is aluminium sulphate basic, of formula Al2 (OH)0.16 (SO4)2.92, and not pure aluminium sulphate Al2 (SO4)3; however, according to the notifier, limited basicity may occur in the technical substance. Therefore, the chemical similarity (only 0.8% OH) is considered sufficient for supporting data on the hydrated form, the reference substance for the REACh registration dossier being the anhydrous form.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Executive summary:

From analogue, the density of the 15 - 16 H2O hydrated form is expected to be ca 1.8 g/cm3.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

density

Remarks:

density

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

09 March 2010- 04 June 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

This study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles. Test substance is adequately characterised. Therefore full validation applies.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 109 (Density of Liquids and Solids)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.3 (Relative Density)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of method:

air comparison pycnometer (for solids)

Type:

density

Density:

1.79 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Test 1: 1.794 g/cm3

Test 2: 1.790 g/cm3

Measurements were within accuracy limits, therefore the mean value was retained.

Conclusions:

The test substance is more dense than water.

Executive summary:

The density of aluminium sulphate basic hydrated was investigated according to OECD/EC guidelines, gas comparison method. After calibration, measurements were performed in duplicate, and the mean value of 1.79 g/cm3 was retained for true (not apparent/bulk) density.

Description of key information

Aluminium sulphate, as anhydrous or hydrated form, is much more dense than water.

Results between 1.61 and 2.71 are reported (grade-dependent).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Relative density at 20C:

2.71

Additional information

Three reliable literature sources are provided for the reference substance (anhydrous form), and are considered as key data. The value of 2.71 g/cm3 was also found in numerous commonly used handbooks or databases, despite not peer reviewed. Therefore this value will be retained as key value for purpose of CSA.

One of the above key source, as well as supporting information on the 18 H2O and on analogue in an experimental report provide lower values, ranging between 1.61 and 1.79; however, it is sometimes not specified if the result relates to true or apparent (bulk) density. Moreover, different cristallisation forms may lead to a different density.