(E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylenedodeca-1,6,10-triene

Basic toxicokinetics

Administrative data

Endpoint:

basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study is conducted according to well established method, but not a GLP guideline study.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2014

Report date:

2014

Materials and methods

Objective of study:

absorption

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

In vitro absorption across everted gut sac measured as estimation of absorption from the small intestine via the oral route.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylenedodeca-1,6,10-triene

EC Number:

242-582-0

EC Name:

(E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylenedodeca-1,6,10-triene

Cas Number:

18794-84-8

Molecular formula:

C15H24

IUPAC Name:

(E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylenedodeca-1,6,10-triene

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Farnesene

IUPAC Name:

Farnesene

Test material form:

other: liquid

Radiolabelling:

no

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

Intestinal gut sacs were harvested from rats.
Animal: Male Han Wistar rats. Age: approx. 8-12 weeks old obtained from: Charles River, Research Models and Services, Margate, UK.

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

other: in vitro test

Vehicle:

other: Fed State Simulated Intestinal Fluid

Results and discussion

Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies

Details on absorption:

There was detectable trans-β-Farnesene present in the serosal media from the everted rat intestinal sac incubations with trans-β-Farnesene. The calculated mean concentrations of trans-β-Farnesene in the serosal fluid were 0.12mM from Rat 1 intestinal sacs and 0.13mM from Rat 2 intestinal sacs . These concentrations are deemed to be very low (approximately 1% of the original incubation conditions of 10mM) and are considered to show minimal absorption.

The concentration of trans-β-Farnesene (approximately 3.4mM) measured in the external media after the 1 hour incubation may reflect the poor solubility of these compounds at 10mM, which was deemed to be a saturated concentration. It was noted that there was a film/layer present on the glass flasks after the incubation.

The results from the everted rat intestinal sacs incubations with the control mix of alkanes show good absorption of decane with concentrations in the serosal fluid calculated at 0.79mM from Rat 1 intestinal sacs and 0.47mM from Rat 2 intestinal sacs. These concentrations are approximately 20% and 12% respectively of the original incubation conditions of 3.85mM.

Decreased absorption was detected with the increased carbon chain length of the alkanes in the control mix with concentrations of dodecane in the serosal fluid calculated at 0.24mM and 0.14mM (8% and 5% respectively of the original incubation concentration of 3.01mM). Tetradecane concentrations in the serosal fluid were minimal at 0.06mM and 0.03mM (2% and 1% respectively of the original incubation concentration of 2.67mM).
No absorption of the hexadecane and octadecane into the serosal fluid could be detected.

These results are consistent with previous studies performed in this laboratory which have shown an inverse correlation between carbon chain length and the rat small intestinal absorption potential of a series of alkenes, using everted rat intestinal sacs.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Calculated concentration of trans-β-Farnesene in serosal fluid and external media.

Sample	Calculated concentration of trans-β-Farnesene in serosal fluid and external media (mM)	Mean (mM)	±SD
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 1	0.12 (1.2%)
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 1	0.13 (1.3%)
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 1	0.12 (1.2%)	0.12	0.00
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 2	0.10 (1.0%)
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 2	0.17 (1.7%)
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 2	0.12 (1.2%)	0.13	0.04
External fluid 1 Rat 1	3.31
External fluid 2 Rat 1	3.33
External fluid 3 Rat 1	3.37	3.34	0.03
External fluid 1 Rat 2	3.53
External fluid 2 Rat 2	3.42
External fluid 3 Rat 2	3.39	3.45	0.08

Calculated amount of trans-β-Farnesene absorbed into serosal fluid

Sample	Calculated amount of trans-β-Farnesene absorbed into serosal fluid (nmoles/400µL)	Mean (nmoles/400µL)	±SD
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 1	47.3
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 1	50.8
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 1	47.9	48.7	1.9
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 2	40.2
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 2	69.0
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 2	48.4	52.5	14.8

Calculated amount of trans-β-Farnesene absorbed into serosal fluid (corrected by volume factor)

Sample	Calculated amount of trans-β-Farnesene absorbed into serosal fluid (nmoles/sac)	Mean (nmoles/sac)	±SD
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 1	58.4
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 1	61.8
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 1	68.6	62.9	5.2
Serosal fluid 1 Rat 2	61.2
Serosal fluid 2 Rat 2	113.6
Serosal fluid 3 Rat 2	73.5	82.8	27.4

Original incubation amount of 4µmoles/400µL (Total incubation volume of 10mL)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information): low bioaccumulation potential based on study results
Negligible gut sac absorption (<1%)

Executive summary:

The aim of this study was to determine the rat, small intestinal absorption potential of two Test Items, Farnesane and trans-β-Farnesene using everted rat intestinal sacs.

 

There was detectable trans-β-Farnesene present in the serosal media from the everted rat intestinal sac incubations with trans-β-Farnesene. The calculated concentrations of trans-β-Farnesene in the serosal fluid were 0.12mM from Rat 1 intestinal sacs and 0.13mM from Rat 2 intestinal sacs. These concentrations are deemed to be very low (approximately 1% of the original incubation conditions of 10mM) and are considered to show minimal absorption.

 

The results from the everted rat intestinal sacs incubations with the control mix of alkanes show good absorption of decane with concentrations in the serosal fluid calculated at 0.79mM from Rat 1 intestinal sacs and 0.47mM from Rat 2 intestinal sacs. These concentrations are approximately 20% and 12% respectively of the original incubation conditions of 3.85mM.

 

There was diminishing absorption detected with increased carbon chain length of the alkanes in the control mix with concentrations of dodecane in the serosal fluid calculated at 0.24mM and 0.14mM (8% and 5% respectively of the original incubation concentration of 3.01mM). Tetradecane concentrations in the serosal fluid were minimal at 0.06mM and 0.03mM (2% and 1% respectively of the original incubation concentration of 2.67mM). No absorption of the hexadecane and octadecane into the serosal fluid could be detected.

 

These results are consistent with previous studies performed in this laboratory which have shown an inverse correlation between carbon chain length and the rat small intestinal absorption potential of a series of alpha olefins using everted rat intestinal sacs.

 

 

Reference - “The use of everted rat small intestinal sacsin-vitroto estimate relative absorption potential of a series of alpha olefins” M. Penman, R. H. Powrie and C. R. Elcombe, Society of Toxicology 2014 Meeting, poster presentation #1593