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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 431-480-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 09 Mar 2018 to 06 Apr 2018.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Adopted April 13,2004.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- No analytical monitoring was carried out due to the low solubility of the test item .
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 1.0, 10 and 100% of the SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
2 replicates of each test concentration,
4 replicates of the control and limit concentration
- Sampling method:
Samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control.
In addition, the filter containing the undissolved residue was kept for possible analysis.
Frequency at t=0 h and t=48 h
Volume 2.0 mL from the approximate centre of the test vessels.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis:
Samples were stored in a freezer (≤-15°C) until analysis at the analytical laboratory of the Test Facility.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
The substance tested was a slight yellow powder with a purity of 98% which was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared.
No correction was made for the purity/composition of the test item.
Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/L applying an overnight period of magnetic stirring to ensure maximum dissolution of the test item in medium.
Thereafter, the aqueous Saturated Solution (SS) was collected by filtration through a 0.45 µm membrane filter (RC55, Whatman) and used as the highest test concentration. Lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the SS in test medium. The SS was clear and slightly yellow, while the dilutions were clear and colourless at the end of the preparation period.
Any residual volumes were discarded.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history.
- Age of parental stock : parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
- Feeding during test: No feeding during test period
ACCLIMATION
Breeding
Start of each batch With newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an
all-glass culture vessel.
Maximum age of the cultures 4 weeks Renewal of the cultures After 7 days of cultivation half of the medium twice a week.
Temperature of medium 18-22°C
Feeding Daily, a suspension of fresh water algae.
Medium M7, as prescribed by Dr. Elendt-Schneider (Elendt, B.-P., 1990: Selenium deficiency in Crustacea. An ultrastructural approach to antennal damage in Daphnia magna Straus. Protoplasma 154, 25-33).
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3 and the pH: 7.7 ± 0.3
- Test temperature:
- 19-20°C
- pH:
- 7.9 -8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.6-9
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of the SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
Samples taken from the undiluted SS were analysed. Test item concentrations were below the
Limit of Quantification (LOQ), i.e. 0.008 mg/L, throughout the test. Nevertheless, it can be stated that testing was ultimately performed at the maximum soluble concentration of test item in test medium. Analysis of the filter residue demonstrated the use of the test item during preparation of test solutions. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 60 mL, all-glass
- fill volume: vessel containing 50 mL of test solution - static
- Aeration: No aeration of the test solutions
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 (Control and limit concentration: 20 per test group / Intermediate concentrations: 10 per concentration)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4 for Control and limit concentration
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water purified by Reverse Osmosis
- Medium: M7, as prescribed by Dr. Elendt-Schneider (Elendt, B.-P., 1990: Selenium deficiency in Crustacea.An ultrastructural approach to antennal damage in Daphnia magna Straus. Protoplasma 154, 25-33).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No adjustment
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobility at 24 hours and 48 hours
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- K2Cr2O7:
The 24h-EC50 was 0.80 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.71 and 0.90 mg/L.
The 48h-EC50 was 0.33 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.29 and 0.38 mg/L.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48h-EL50 for Daphnia magna exposed to test item exceeded the maximum solubility of the test item in test medium.
It can be stated that the test was conducted at the maximum soluble concentration of the test item in test medium, starting at a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
The actual exposure concentration could not be measured and was below 0.008 mg/L, the Limit of Quantification of the analytical method. - Executive summary:
The objective of the study was to evaluate test item for its ability to generate acute toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia magna during an exposure period of 48 hours and, if possible, to determine the EC50 at 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
The study procedures described in this report were based on the OECD guideline No. 202, 2004. In addition, procedures were based on the test methods described in the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, 2000.
The batch of test item tested was a slight yellow powder with a purity of 98% which was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared. A Saturated Solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the highest test concentration. Lower concentrations were prepared by diluting the highest test concentration in test medium.
A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and undiluted SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, in a limit test. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to solutions containing 1.0 and 10% of the SS in the combined range-finding test.
The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test.
No biological relevant immobility (i.e. >10%) was observed in the control and at any test concentration throughout the test.
Samples taken from the undiluted SS were analysed. The test item concentrations were below the Limit of Quantification (LOQ), i.e. 0.008 mg/L, throughout the test. Analysis of the filter residue demonstrated the use of the test item during preparation of test solutions.
The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.
In conclusion, the 48h-EL50 for Daphnia magna exposed to test item exceeded the maximum solubility of the test item in test medium. It can be stated that the test was conducted at the maximum soluble concentration of the test item in test medium, starting at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. The actual exposure concentration could not be measured and was below 0.008 mg/L, the Limit of Quantification of the analytical method.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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