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EC number: 216-732-0 | CAS number: 1655-29-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)
- Version / remarks:
- 2013
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Disodium naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate
- EC Number:
- 216-732-0
- EC Name:
- Disodium naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate
- Cas Number:
- 1655-29-4
- Molecular formula:
- C10H8O6S2.2Na
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate
- Reference substance name:
- Water
- EC Number:
- 231-791-2
- EC Name:
- Water
- Cas Number:
- 7732-18-5
- Molecular formula:
- H2O
- IUPAC Name:
- dihydrogen oxide
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- Test item: Armstrongsäure-di-Natriumsalz Monohydrat
CAS name: 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, sodium salt (1 :2) Monohydrat
CAS number: 207569-02-6
Empirical formula: C10 H6 O6 S2 * 2Na * H2O
Molecular mass: 350.3 g/mol
Batch number: CHNHFC1602
Content monohydrat-form: 99.8 %
Corresponds to 94,7 % anhydrous form, CAS: 1655-29-4
Constituent 1
impurity 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- Bovine eyes of slaughtered cattle were extracted and transferred in containers with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) with penicillin/streptomycin solution. For transportation the containers were ice cooled.
Eyes with defects were sorted out and disposed of, eyes without any defects were transferred into fresh HBSS supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin solution and 1 % FBS and stored overnight at 2-8 °C. On the next day (day of testing) the containers with the eyes were placed in an incubator at 32 ° C (± 1 ° C) for about 2 hours before preparation of the corneas.
For the preparation of the cornea the sclera was incised with a scalpel and cut by scissors. A 2-3 mm wide scleral edge was left around the cornea for further handling. The isolated corneas were placed with the epithelium side down into a prepared beaker filled with MEM medium supplemented with 1 % penicillin / streptomycin solution and 1 % FBS. Each cornea was placed into a cornea holder with the endothelial side facing the sealing ring of the posterior chamber. The anterior chamber was then fixed by screws on the other side. The chambers were filled with MEM medium, avoiding air bubbles. The holders were placed for at least 1 hour in the incubator at 32 °C (± 1 °C).
Test system
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent positive control
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 750 µl
- the test item and the solvent were tested in parallel - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):
- not applicable
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 corneas per tested material
- Details on study design:
- SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF CORNEAS
Bovine eyes of slaughtered cattle were extracted and transferred in containers with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) with penicillin/streptomycin solution. For transportation the containers were ice cooled.
Eyes with defects were sorted out and disposed of, eyes without any defects were transferred into fresh HBSS supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin solution and 1 % FBS and stored overnight at 2-8 °C. On the next day (day of testing) the containers with the eyes were placed in an incubator at 32 ° C (± 1 ° C) for about 2 hours before preparation of the corneas.
For the preparation of the cornea the sclera was incised with a scalpel and cut by scissors. A 2-3 mm wide scleral edge was left around the cornea for further handling. The isolated corneas were placed with the epithelium side down into a prepared beaker filled with MEM medium supplemented with 1 % penicillin / streptomycin solution and 1 % FBS. Each cornea was placed into a cornea holder with the endothelial side facing the sealing ring of the posterior chamber. The anterior chamber was then fixed by screws on the other side. The chambers were filled with MEM medium, avoiding air bubbles. The holders were placed for at least 1 hour in the incubator at 32 °C (± 1 °C).
QUALITY CHECK OF THE ISOLATED CORNEAS
yes
NEGATIVE CONTROL USED: physiological saline
SOLVENT CONTROL USED (if applicable): ethyl acetate
POSITIVE CONTROL USED: NaOH (1%)
APPLICATION DOSE AND EXPOSURE TIME
the test materials were applied pure for 4 hours
TREATMENT METHOD:
closed chamber method
POST-INCUBATION PERIOD: no
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Number of washing steps after exposure period:
- POST-EXPOSURE INCUBATION:
METHODS FOR MEASURED ENDPOINTS:
- Corneal opacity: The opacity of a cornea was measured by the diminution of light passing through the cornea. The measurements of opacity were carried out using an opacitometer (BASF OP3.0). Before each measurement the opacitometer was adjusted to about 1000 LUX and a filter calibration measurement was carried out by using 3 different filters.
- Corneal permeability: The medium in anterior chamber of each holder was replaced by 1ml of fluorescein sodium solution (concentration 5 mg/mL). Afterwards the holders were incubated at 32 °C (± 1 °C) for about 90 minutes. After the incubation period, the medium of the posterior chamber was aspirated by a syringe and filled into a 10 mL tube. Three wells of a 96 well plate were filled with 300 μL of each tube (triplicate determination). In addition, a standard series of 5 mg/mL sodium fluoresceinsolution was prepared and also filled into the 96-well plate, in triplicates. The permeability was determined by measuring the amount of fluorescein sodium which diffused through all cell layers of the cornea. The measurement was carried out at a wavelength of 490 nm (OD490) by an ELISA - Reader).
SCORING SYSTEM: In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS)
DECISION CRITERIA: Test item formulations that cause an IVIS value > 55 are classified as seriously damaging the eye (UN GHS Cat 1). Test item formulations that cause IVIS values of ≤ 55 are considered as not seriously damaging the eye (not UN GHS Cat 1).
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- mean
- Value:
- 1.7
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
Any other information on results incl. tables
Mean opacity value | Mean permeability value | In vitro irritancy score (IVIS) | |
Negative control; isotonic saline solution |
-0,6 |
0,011 |
-0,5 |
Positive control; 20 % Imidazole |
74,8 |
1,676 |
99,9 |
20 % Armstrongsaure-di-Natriumsalz |
1,4 |
0,019 |
1,7 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
This study was performed to assess the corneal damage potential of the solid test item Armstrongsaure-di-Natriumsalz with the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability test
(BCOP) using fresh bovine cornea. The study was conducted in accordance with international accepted Guidelines (e.g. OECD TG 437).
20% (w/v) concentrations of the test item and the positive control imidazole in isotonic saline solution were tested on 3 bovine corneas each in comparison to the negative control, isotonic
saline solution. For determination of corneal damage opacity as well as tissue permeability was measured after a 4 hour treatment time.
Test items were applied to the epithelial surface ofthe cornea in a special corneal holder. Corneal opacity was measured quantitatively as the amount of light transmission through the cornea before and after treatment with the test item. Permeability was measured quantitatively as the amount of sodium fluorescein dye that passes across the full thickness of the cornea after treatment. The In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) value was calculated based on these data.
In accordance with OECD TG 437 and the study results Armstrongsaure-di-Natriumsalz was characterized by having no potential to seriously damage the eye.
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