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EC number: 287-484-9 | CAS number: 85536-04-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin, rabbit (read across, similar or according to OECD 404): not irritating
Skin, human data (read across): not irritating
Eye, rabbit (read across, similar or according to OECD 405): not irritating
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Remarks:
- Summary of available data used for the endpoint assessment of the target substance
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- refer to analogue justification provided in IUCLID section 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal: #1, #2, #3
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 93803-87-3
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal: #1, #2, #3
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 93803-87-3
- Interpretation of results:
- other: CLP/EU GHS criteria not met, no classification required according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
- Conclusions:
- The read across approach is justified in the analogue justification. The target and source substances are considered unlikely to differ in their skin irritation potential. No in vivo skin irritation potential was found in rabbit studies for the three source substances 2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CAS 93803-87-3), Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7) and 2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2). Additional human data from a single exposure patch test with 11 volunteers indicated that the source substance Docosyl docosanoate (CAS 17671-27-1) was not a skin irritant. Therefore, no skin irritation potential is expected for target substance Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), stearyl esters (CAS 85536-04-5).
Reference
In vivo skin irritation data from the source substance 2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CAS 93803-87-3) was selected as key result for reasons of structural similarity and data reliability. Additional in vivo data on skin irritation was available for the source substances Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7) and 2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2). For both substances no indication for skin irritating potential was found in rabbits. Additional human data from a single exposure patch test with 11 volunteers indicated that the source substance Docosyl docosanoate (CAS 17671-27-1) was not a skin irritant.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation, other
- Remarks:
- in vivo and in vitro/ex vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Remarks:
- Summary of available data used for the endpoint assessment of the target substance
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- refer to analogue justification provided in IUCLID section 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- other: all 6 animals
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- other: all 6 animals
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: #1, #4 and #5
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: #2, #3 and #6
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.67
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: #2, #3, #4 and #5
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.67
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #6
- Remarks:
- individual mean of readings at
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.33
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 90990-29-7
- Interpretation of results:
- other: CLP/EU GHS criteria not met, no classification required according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
- Conclusions:
- The read across approach is justified in the analogue justification. The target and source substances are considered unlikely to differ in their eye irritation potential. No in vivo eye irritation potential was found in rabbit studies for the four source substances Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7), 2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CAS 93803-87-3), Hexadecanoic acid, -isooctadecyl ester (CAS 72576-80-8), and 2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2). Therefore, no eye irritation potential is expected for target substance Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), stearyl esters (CAS 85536-04-5).
Reference
In vivo eye irritation data from the source substance Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7) was selected as key result for reasons of structural similarity and data reliability. Additional in vivo data on eye irritation in rabbits was available for the source substances 2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CAS 93803-87-3), Hexadecanoic acid, -isooctadecyl ester (CAS 72576-80-8), and 2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2). For all source substances no indication for eye irritating potential was found in rabbits.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for read-across
There are no adequate study data on the skin and eye irritation effects of Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), stearyl esters (CAS 85536-04-5). The assessment was therefore based on studies conducted with analogue substances as part of a read across approach, which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006, Annex XI, 1.5. For each specific endpoint the source substance(s) structurally closest to the target substance is/are chosen for read-across, with due regard to the requirements of adequacy and reliability of the available data. Structural similarities and similarities in properties and/or activities of the source and target substance are the basis of read-across. A detailed justification for the analogue read-across approach is provided in the technical dossier (see IUCLID Section 13).
Skin irritation
CAS 93803-87-3
A study was performed according to OECD guideline 404 to assess the skin irritation potential of 2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CAS 93803-87-3) (key study, 1998). 0.5 g test substance was applied to the shaved skin of rabbits under semi-occlusive conditions for 4 hours. 3/3 animals had well-defined erythema (score 2) at the 1-hr reading time point. The erythema had reduced in severity by 24 hours after exposure in 3/3 rabbits (score 1, 1, 1), and had cleared completely within 72 hours for 3/3 rabbits. The individual mean erythema scores over the 24, 48 and 72 evaluation times were 0.67, 0.33 and 0.33, respectively.The individual mean erythema and oedema scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 for each rabbit. Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be skin irritating.
CAS 90990-29-7
A skin irritation study was performed with Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7) (supporting study, 1982). No current guideline was followed. 0.5 mL of the undiluted test substance was applied to the clipped or clipped and abraded skin of 6 New Zealand White rabbits and held in place by an occlusive dressing for 24 h. The severity of erythema and oedema was scored 1 and 48 h after patch removal. The test material produced minimal erythema (score 1) in 1/6 rabbits at the intact test site and in 2/6 rabbits at the abraded test site, respectively, 1 h after patch removal. All skin irritation effects were reversible within 48 h after patch removal. No other skin irritation effects were observed in any animal (6/6) at any reading time point. No readings at 72 hours were done, but all skin reading scores were zero at the 48-hour reading. Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be skin irritating.
CAS 22766-83-2
A skin irritation study equivalent to OECD guideline 404 (supporting study, 1986) was performed with 2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2). 0.5 mL of the undiluted liquid test substance was applied to the shaved intact and abraded skin of 6 male rabbits for 24 hours of exposure under occlusive conditions. Readings were done at 24 and 72 hours. No oedema was found at any reading. The individual mean oedema scores over 24/72-hour readings were 0.0 for each rabbit. The individual mean erythema scores as 24/48/72-hour readings were calculated in a worst case approach taking the 24-hour value to replace the missing 48-hour values. The individual mean erythema scores as 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 in two rabbits, 0.67 in 3 rabbits and 1.0 in one rabbit. Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be skin irritating.
Human data
CAS 17671-27-1
In a single exposure patch test (supporting study, 2005) the undiluted Docosyl docosanoate (CAS 17671-27-1) was applied to the back skin of 11 volunteers for 24 h under occlusive conditions. The skin irritation effects (erythema and edema) were assessed 30 minutes and 24 h after patch removal. Slight to moderate erythema (score 1-1.5) was observed at the test site in 3/10 subjects at the 30-minute reading time point and in 1/10 subjects 24 h after patch removal. The positive control (1% sodium sulphate) was shown to be valid. 1/11 subjects were excluded as moderate erythema was noted at the negative control site (water). The test substance was not a skin irritant under the chosen test conditions.
Eye irritation
CAS 90990-29-7
The eye irritation potential of Fatty acids, C16 and C18-22 - unsatd., C16-18 and C18 unsatd. alkyl ester (CAS 90990-29-7) was investigated in six albino rabbits, following a protocol similar to OECD guideline 405 (key study, 1982) and in compliance with GLP. 0.1 g of the test substance was instilled into one eye of each animal. The other eye remained untreated and served as control. The eyes were examined and scored according to the Draize scoring system 24, 48 and 72 h after application. 3/6 animals showed conjunctival redness (score 1) 24 and 48 h after instillation, reversible within 72 h. 2/6 animals showed conjunctivae chemosis (score 1) 24 h after instillation of test substance, in one animal reversible within 48 h, in the second animal reversible within 72 h. The cornea and iris were not affected. The mean 24/48/72 h scores of all 6 animals for redness were 0.0, 0.67, 0.67, 0.0, 0.0 and 0.67, respectively , while mean 24/48/72 h scores for chemosis were 0.67, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 and 0.33, respectively. Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be irritating to the eyes.
CAS 93803-87-3
2-octyldodecyl isooctadecanoate (CA 93803-87-3) was examined for its eye irritation potential in a GLP study performed according to OECD guideline 405 (supporting study, 1998). 0.1 mL of undiluted test liquid test substance was instilled into one eye of each of 3 rabbits. The animals were observed for 72 hours and scoring according to Draize was performed 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours after application. At the 1-hour reading time point 3/3 rabbits had slight conjunctivae (score 1, 1, 1), which was still present in 1/3 rabbits at the 24-hour reading time point. The effect had cleared completely within 48 hours. No other eye irritation effects were observed in any rabbit at any time point. The individual mean cornea opacity, iris, and chemosis scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 for each rabbit. The individual mean conjunctivae scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.33 in one and 0.0 in two rabbits.Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be irritating to the eyes.
CAS 72576-80-8
An eye irritation GLP study was performed with Isooctadecyl palmitate (CAS 72576-80-8) according to OECD guideline 405 (supporting study, 1999). 0.1 mL of the unchanged test substance was instilled into one eye of each of 3 male New Zealand White rabbits. The animals were observed for 7 days and scoring according to Draize was performed 1, 24, 48, 72 hours, and 7 days after application. The eyes were not rinsed. At the 1-hour reading time point, 3/3 rabbits had slight-moderate conjunctivae (scores 1, 1, 2) and 2/3 slight chemosis (scores 0, 1, 1). The chemosis had cleared by the 24-hour reading time point, while 3/3 animals still had slight conjunctivae (scores 1, 1, 1). All eye irritation effects were fully reversible within 48 hours. The individual mean cornea opacity, iris, and chemosis scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 for each rabbit. The individual mean conjunctivae scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.33 in each of the three rabbits.Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be irritating to the eyes.
CAS 22766-83-2
2-octyldodecyl myristate (CAS 22766-83-2) was examined for its eye irritation potential in study performed according to a protocol similar to OECD guideline 405 (supporting study, 1982). 0.1 mL of undiluted test liquid test substance was instilled into one eye of each of 6 rabbits. The animals were observed for 7 days and scoring according to Draize was performed 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours as well as 4 and 7 days after application. The individual mean cornea opacity scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 for each rabbit. The individual mean iris scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 in four rabbits, 0.33 in one and 0.67 in one rabbit. The individual mean conjunctivae scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 in five rabbits and 0.33 in one rabbit. The individual mean chemosis scores over 24/48/72-hour readings were 0.0 in two rabbits, 0.33 in three and 0.67 in one rabbit.Based on the results of this study, the test substance is not considered to be irritating to the eyes.
Overall conclusion for skin and eye irritation
The available data for the source substances indicate no or only mild skin and eye irritation potential. Thus, no skin or eye irritation potential is expected for the target substance Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), stearyl esters (CAS 85536-04-5).
Justification for classification or non-classification
According to Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 "General Requirements for Generation of Information on Intrinsic Properties of substances", information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests e.g. from information from structurally related substances (grouping or read-across), provided that conditions set out in Annex XI are met. Annex XI, "General rules for adaptation of this standard testing regime set out in Annexes VII to X” states that “substances whose physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity may be considered as a group, or ‘category’ of substances. This avoids the need to test every substance for every endpoint". Since the analogue concept is applied to Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), stearyl esters (CAS 85536-04-5), data will be generated from data for reference source substance(s) to avoid unnecessary animal testing. Additionally, once the analogue read-across concept is applied, substances will be classified and labelled on this basis.
The available data on skin and eye irritation do not meet the classification criteria according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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