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EC number: 613-145-5 | CAS number: 63139-21-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2006-12-12 to 2007-02-26
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Version / remarks:
- adopted April 04,1984
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
Due to the low solubility of the test item in test water, adequate amounts of the test item were directly weighed into each test flask. A highly homogenous suspension was reached by stirring the test item suspension for about 24 hours at 22 °C in the dark before the experiment was started by adding the activated sludge. - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: Activated sludge, microorganisms from a domestic waste water treatment plant
- Name and location of sewage treatment plant where inoculum was collected: domestic sewage plant Darmstadt, Germany.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The activated sludge was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was re-suspended in tap water and again centrifuged. The latter procedure was repeated twice. The washed sludge was re-suspended in tap water and sewage feed (50 mL/L) was added. The sludge was kept at room temperature under continuous aeration until use for three days. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 18 - 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.4 – 8.6
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.4 – 9.0 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal conc.: 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L;
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass flasks of approximately 1 litre volume and Karlsruher flasks of 250 mL volume
- Aeration: With compressed air (approximately 0.8 litre per minute)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per reference control (replicates): 1
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): 3.5 g/L
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: The oxygen uptake rates of all samples will be determined following an incubation period of 3-h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: A NOEC can be established at 10 mg/L since the respiration Inhibition was less than 20% at this concentration.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 119.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence interval: 65.2 – 220.5 mg/L
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 27.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence interval: 6.5 – 53.5 mg/L
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 3-hour EC20 of 3,5-Dichlorophenol was calculated to be 3.2 mg/L. Based on the measured data, no 95 % confidence limits could be statistically calculated.
The 3-hour EC50 of 3,5-Dichlorophenol was calculated to be 11.3 mg/L. Based on the measured data, no 95 % confidence limits could be statistically calculated. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the performed Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test according to OECD TG 209, the EC50 of the test item was determined to be 119.3 mg/L (95 % CI: 65.2 – 220.5 mg/L) and the NOEC was established at 10 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The influence of the test item on the activity of activated sludge was evaluated by measuring the respiration rate under defined conditions in a study according to OECD TG 209. The respiration rate (oxygen consumption) of an aerobic activated sludge fed with a standard amount of synthetic sewage was measured in the presence of various concentrations of the test item after an incubation period of 3-hours. The test item was investigated at the nominal concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L. In parallel with the test item treatments 3,5-Dichlorophenol was used as positive reference control (at concentrations of 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L) and two inoculum controls were tested as well. Due to the solubility of the test item, it was weighed directly into the test vessels and stirred for about 24 hours before using in the experiment. The 3-hour EC50 for the positive control 3,5-Dichlorophenol, which was tested in the same way as the test item, was found to be 11.3 mg/L and is within the range of 5 - 30 mg/L recommended by the test guidelines; thus, confirming suitability of the activated sludge. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was slightly inhibited by about 14 % at the lowest nominal test concentrations of 10 mg/L. At the next higher concentrations of nominal 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L, a dose related inhibition of the respiration rate was found. At 1000 mg/L, an inhibition of about 95 % was measured. Concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. A NOEC can be established at 10 mg/L since the respiration inhibition was less than 20 % at this concentration. The EC20 of the test item was determined to be 27.9 mg/L (95 % CI: 6.5 – 53.5 mg/L) and EC50 of the test item was determined to be 119.3 mg/L (95 % CI: 65.2 – 220.5 mg/L).
Reference
Toxicity of Test Item
Inhibition of Respiration Rate: In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was slightly inhibited by 13.9 % and 24.1 %, at the two lowest nominal concentrations of 10 and 32 mg/L, respectively. At the next higher nominal concentrations of 100 and 320 mg/L, the respiration rate was inhibited by 39.2 % and 72.2 %, respectively, and reached a plateau at the highest nominal test concentration of 1000 mg/L with an inhibition rate of 94.7 %. Test item concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L were not tested.
Toxicity of 3,5-Dichlorophenol
Inhibition of Respiration Rate: The following nominal concentrations of the positive control 3,5-Dichlorophenol were tested on the same activated sludge and under identical conditions as the test item: 32, 10 and 3.2 mg/L. In comparison to the controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was moderately inhibited by 21.5 % at the lowest nominal concentration of 3.2 mg/L. At the nominal concentrations of 10 and 32 mg test item/L, the respiration rate was inhibited by 44.3 and 77.2 %, respectively.
Table 1: Influence of the test item on Oxygen Consumption of Activated Sludge
Flask No. |
Treatment |
Concentration [mg/L] |
Oxygen consumption [mg O2/L min] |
Inhibition % |
pH-values |
Oxygen concentration [mg O2/L] |
||
1 |
control |
— |
0.390 |
— |
7.4 |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
10 |
control |
— |
0.400 |
— |
7.4 |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.4 |
mean |
0.395 |
|||||||
replicate deviation |
2.5 |
|||||||
5 |
Test item |
1000 |
0.021 |
94.7 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
8.9 |
6 |
Test item |
320 |
0.110 |
72.2 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
9.0 |
7 |
Test item |
100 |
0.240 |
39.2 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.8 |
8 |
Test item |
32 |
0.300 |
24.1 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.7 |
9 |
Test item |
10 |
0.340 |
13.9 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
*: start and end of 3-hour aeration
Table 2: Influence of 3,5-Dichlorophenol on Oxygen Consumption of Activated Sludge
Flask No. |
Treatment |
Concentration [mg/L] |
Oxygen consumption [mg O2/L min] |
Inhibition % |
pH-values |
Oxygen Concentration [mg O2/L] |
||
start* |
end* |
start* |
end* |
|||||
1 |
control |
- |
0.390 |
— |
7.4 |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
10 |
control |
- |
0.400 |
— |
7.4 |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.4 |
mean |
0.395 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
replicate deviation |
2.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
2 |
3,5-DCP 32 |
0.090 |
77.2 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
9.2 |
|
3 |
3,5-DCP 10 |
0.220 |
44.3 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.8 |
|
4 |
3,5-DCP 3.2 |
0.310 |
21.5 |
7.4 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.7 |
*: start and end of 3-hour aeration
3,5-DCP: 3,5-dichlorophenol
Validity Criteria of the Study
Inoculum Control: The respiration rates of the two controls did not differ by more than 15 % (actual: 2.5 %).
Reference Item: The 3-hour EC50 of the reference item 3,5-Dichlorophenol was determined to be 11.3 mg/L and is thus in the range of 5 to 30 mg/L for the used activated sludge batch.
Dissolved Oxygen: The concentration of dissolved oxygen did not drop below 2.5 mg O2/L during the incubation period, and just before the measurements of the respiration rates the oxygen concentrations were at least 8.3 mg O2/L and thus > 6.5 mg O2/L.
Description of key information
Under the conditions of the performed Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test according to OECD TG 209, the EC50 of the test item was determined to be 119.3 mg/L (95 % CI: 65.2 – 220.5 mg/L) and the NOEC was established at 10 mg/L (reference 6.1.7-1).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 119.3 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 10 mg/L
Additional information
The influence of the test item on the activity of activated sludge was evaluated by measuring the respiration rate under defined conditions in a study according to OECD TG 209. The respiration rate (oxygen consumption) of an aerobic activated sludge fed with a standard amount of synthetic sewage was measured in the presence of various concentrations of the test item after an incubation period of 3-hours. The test item was investigated at the nominal concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L. In parallel with the test item treatments 3,5-Dichlorophenol was used as positive reference control (at concentrations of 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L) and two inoculum controls were tested as well. Due to the solubility of the test item, it was weighed directly into the test vessels and stirred for about 24 hours before using in the experiment. The 3-hour EC50 for the positive control 3,5-Dichlorophenol, which was tested in the same way as the test item, was found to be 11.3 mg/L and is within the range of 5 - 30 mg/L recommended by the test guidelines; thus, confirming suitability of the activated sludge. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was slightly inhibited by about 14 % at the lowest nominal test concentrations of 10 mg/L. At the next higher concentrations of nominal 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L, a dose related inhibition of the respiration rate was found. At 1000 mg/L, an inhibition of about 95 % was measured. Concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. A NOEC can be established at 10 mg/L since the respiration inhibition was less than 20 % at this concentration. The EC20 of the test item was determined to be 27.9 mg/L (95 % CI: 6.5 – 53.5 mg/L) and EC50 of the test item was determined to be 119.3 mg/L (95 % CI: 65.2 – 220.5 mg/L).
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