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EC number: 231-832-4 | CAS number: 7758-09-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental test result performed according to the guideline.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Test chemical concentrations used for the study were 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l,respectively.
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra Fish
- Source: Anytime Pet
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): average 1.4 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): average 0.045 g
- Housing:The fishes were kept in a static tank in tap water passed through reverse osmosis system, under natural conditions along with proper feed and aeration.
- Duration of housing: 15 days
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours dark
- Diet : Standard brand feed, once daily
- Acclimatization: seven days
- Feeding frequency: Once in a day - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 155.5 mg of CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 23.9°C
- pH:
- 7.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.6 mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0, 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l, respectively.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Aquaria
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 5 liters of plastic aquaria filled with 2 liter of water
- Aeration: Aeration in test vessels was provided 1 day before the start of experiment
- No. of organisms per vessel: 8 fishes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours dark
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table 1. Mortality and symptoms:
Nominal
Concentration
(mg/l)
Number of
fish
Mortality (cumulated) after
3h
6h
24h
48h
72h
96h
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
Control
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.25
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
12.5 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 25 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 50 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 4 4 - - - - - - - - 2 2 2 2 Visible Symptoms:
Nominal
Concentration
(mg/l)
Number of
fish
symptom (cumulated) after
3h
6h
24h
48h
72h
96h
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
Control
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
6.25
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
12.5
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
25
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
50
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
100
4 4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS4 NS2 NS2 NS2 NS2 Explanation of symptoms:
A: apathy
N: Narcotic-like state
C: Swimming near water surface
M: Slow movements compared to control
NS: No abnormal symptoms
S: Surfacing behaviour
L: Loss of equilibrium
SM: Shimming movement
H1: Hyperactivity
H2: Hypo activity
B: Bending behavior
F: Fin rot
IS: Invert Swimming
SB: Swimming behaviour
RF: Respiratory Function
P: Pigmentation
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the effect of test chemical on mortality of the test organism, the median lethal concentration (LC50 (96 h)) was determined to be ≥100 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
Short term toxicity to fish was conducted for 96 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 203 “Fish Acute Toxicity Test”. Zebra fish (Danio rerio) of average weight 0.045 g and average length of 1.4 cm was used as a test organism for the study. Test fishes were kept in a static tank in tap water passed through reverse osmosis system, under natural conditions along with proper feed and aeration. During the housing period, test fishes were fed once daily with standard brand fed. The test conditions during the housing of the test organisms were oxygen content of 7.6 mg/l, pH 7.5, water temperature 23.9°C and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Test was performed using test chemical concentrations of 0, 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l, respectively. Total 8 fishes were exposed to test chemical in a 5 lit bowl aquaria containing 4 liters of potable water. The test vessels were placed in a room at a temperature of 23.9°C, pH 7.2, hardness of water 155.5 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Aeration in test vessels was provided 1 day before the start of the experiment. No mortalities were observed in the control. Test fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mortality of the test organism, the median lethal concentration (LC50 (96 h)) was determined to be ≥100 mg/l. Thus, test chemical chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Description of key information
Short term toxicity to fish was conducted for 96 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 203 “Fish Acute Toxicity Test”. Zebra fish (Danio rerio) of average weight 0.045 g and average length of 1.4 cm was used as a test organism for the study. Test fishes were kept in a static tank in tap water passed through reverse osmosis system, under natural conditions along with proper feed and aeration. During the housing period, test fishes were fed once daily with standard brand fed. The test conditions during the housing of the test organisms were oxygen content of 7.6 mg/l, pH 7.5, water temperature 23.9°C and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Test was performed using test chemical concentrations of 0, 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l, respectively. Total 8 fishes were exposed to test chemical in a 5 lit bowl aquaria containing 4 liters of potable water. The test vessels were placed in a room at a temperature of 23.9°C, pH 7.2, hardness of water 155.5 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Aeration in test vessels was provided 1 day before the start of the experiment. No mortalities were observed in the control. Test fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mortality of the test organism, the median lethal concentration (LC50 (96 h)) was determined to be ≥100 mg/l. Thus, test chemical chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Experimental study of the target chemical and various supporting weight of evidence studies for its read across analogue were reviewed for short term toxicity to fish endpoint which are summarized as below:
In an experimental weight of evidence study from study report, the short term toxicity to fish was conducted for 96 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 203 “Fish Acute Toxicity Test”. Zebra fish (Danio rerio) of average weight 0.045 g and average length of 1.4 cm was used as a test organism for the study. Test fishes were kept in a static tank in tap water passed through reverse osmosis system, under natural conditions along with proper feed and aeration. During the housing period, test fishes were fed once daily with standard brand fed. The test conditions during the housing of the test organisms were oxygen content of 7.6 mg/l, pH 7.5, water temperature 23.9°C and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Test was performed using test chemical concentrations of 0, 6.25 mg/l, 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l, respectively. Total 8 fishes were exposed to test chemical in a 5 lit bowl aquaria containing 4 liters of potable water. The test vessels were placed in a room at a temperature of 23.9°C, pH 7.2, hardness of water 155.5 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions, respectively. Aeration in test vessels was provided 1 day before the start of the experiment. No mortalities were observed in the control. Test fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mortality of the test organism, the median lethal concentration (LC50 (96 h)) was determined to be ≥100 mg/l. Thus, test chemical chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
In a supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database and other reliable source (1976), short term toxicity to fish study was carried out. Poecilia reticulata (Guppy) of 8.7 mm (6.7 to 10.5 mm) length was used as a test organism. The test organism were grown, bred and maintained in a 20 gallon stainless steel-glass aquaria until testing. Each aquarium was equipped with under-gravel and outside filters, an airstone, and plants to help the fry in hiding from adults. The tanks were kept in an air-conditioned room and the water temperature was maintained with the heaters at 77° to 80°F. The fish were fed at least once but usually twice daily with dried commercial food (TetraMin or Biorell) or brine shrimp hatched from eggs obtained from Metaframe Corporation (San Francisco Brand). The aquaria were kept clean of unconsumed food and other debris by periodic siphoning and partial replacement of the water*. The fish w.ere observed daily for the presence of diseases and dead specimens. They were acclimated to the test conditions for 48 hours during which time the tanks were aerated continuously. Fishes were not fed during the acclimation period. Test fishes were not fed during the study. Test fishes (10 or 20 fish/vessel) were exposed to different conc. of test chemical (0, 191.3, 199, 218.8, 266.5 mg/l) in a five-gallon rectangular glass aquaria provided with a loose fitting plastic cover to prevent evaporation of the water. The fish were distributed to the test aquaria in the random fashion. Columbus city tap water was used to maintain the fish and as experimental water. The tap water was vigorously aerated for at least one week and then was passed through a bed of activated carbon to remove residual chlorine. Finally the water was pumped through 8-micron Whatman filter tube to remove precipitated iron. Sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid was added to the test water to adjust pH as needed. Test conditions involve a pH of 7.39 to 7.57, temperature of 24 to 26°C, dissolved oxygen of 7.3 to 8.2 and hardness of 160 mg/l as CaCO3 in a continuous light supplied by fluorescent and incandescent bulb. The number of dead fish in the test tanks were observed and recorded several times daily. With all tests the 24, 48, 72 and 96 hour observations were obtained and recorded. Dead fish were removed immediately with a small net. Based on the effect of test chemical on mortality of the test fish, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 190 mg/l. Thus, based on the LC50 value, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
For the test chemical, an acute toxicity to fish study was carried out. Study was performed under static conditions for a period of 96 hrs. Micropterus salmoides (Largemouth bass) of 2.8 gm weight was used as a test organism. Test conditions involve a pH of 7.7 to 8.2, temperature of 23°C, dissolve oxygen of 8.1 mg/l and hardness of 202.4 mg/l as CaCO3, respectively. On the basis of the effect of test chemical on mortality of the test organism, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 140.2 mg/l. Thus, based on the LC50 value, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the above results, test chemical can be considered non-toxic to aquatic fishes at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per the CLP classification criteria.
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