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EC number: 277-759-1 | CAS number: 74196-16-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Explosiveness
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- explosiveness, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Rev. 6 (2015)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Part I: Classification procedures, test methods and criteria relating to explosives of Class 1
- Version / remarks:
- Rev. 6 (2015)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.14 (Explosive properties)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test
- Parameter:
- limiting diameter (mm)
- Value:
- 1
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test
- Parameter:
- limiting diameter (mm)
- Value:
- 2
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (b) (i): BAM friction apparatus
- Parameter:
- limiting load (N)
- Value:
- 360
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (b) (i): BAM friction apparatus
- Parameter:
- limiting load (N)
- Value:
- 120
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (a) (ii): BAM Fallhammer
- Parameter:
- limiting impact energy (J)
- Value:
- 50
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (a) (ii): BAM Fallhammer
- Parameter:
- limiting impact energy (J)
- Value:
- 40
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (a) (ii): BAM Fallhammer
- Parameter:
- limiting impact energy (J)
- Value:
- 7.5
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (a) (ii): BAM Fallhammer
- Parameter:
- limiting impact energy (J)
- Value:
- 2
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Interpretation of results:
- other: explosive substance class 1
- Conclusions:
- The test item has explosive properties according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria and Regulation (EC) no 440/2008.
- Executive summary:
Tests for explosive properties according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria and Regulation (EC) no 440/2008, A.14., were performed: thermal sensitivity, mechanical sensitivity to friction and impact.
Tests for thermal sensitivity (Koenen test) using orifice plates with 2.0 mm and 1.0 mm diameter respectively were positive according to the criteria of the UN Manual and EU regulation.
Tests for mechanical sensitivity to friction, forces 360 N and 120 N, were negative.
Tests for mechanical sensitivity to impact, BAM Fallhammer:
positive for impact energies 50 J, 40 J and 7.5 J; negative for impact energy 2.
Due to the fact, that the test series with an impact energy of 2 J did not result in an explosion, the substance is not regarded as mechanically sensitive to impact according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria. In contrary, according to Regulation (EC) no 440/2008, A.14., the result of the performed Fallhammer tests has to be regarded as "positive" (explosion with impact energy of 7.5 J).
- Endpoint:
- explosiveness, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Rev. 6 (2015)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Part I: Classification procedures, test methods and criteria relating to explosives of Class 1
- Version / remarks:
- Rev. 6 (2015)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.14 (Explosive properties)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: gauge pressure of 2070 kPa exceeded
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Remarks on result:
- p = 2070 kPa, t < 30 ms
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 33 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 2 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: time for pressure rise [ms]
- Value:
- 19
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Remarks on result:
- time for a pressure rise from 690 to 2070 kPa (ms)
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 33 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: gauge pressure of 2070 kPa exceeded
- Result:
- result is considered "+" (positive)
- Remarks on result:
- p = 2070 kPa: yes
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 50 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 2 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: time for pressure rise [ms]
- Value:
- 340
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks on result:
- time for a pressure rise from 690 to 2070 kPa (ms)
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 50 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: gauge pressure of 2070 kPa not reached
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks on result:
- p = 2070 kPa: no
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 55 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 2 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: gauge pressure of 2070 kPa not reached
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks on result:
- time for a pressure rise from 690 to 2070 kPa (ms)
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 55 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test
- Parameter:
- limiting diameter (mm)
- Value:
- 1
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks:
- mixtures containing 23 % and 33 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (a) (ii): BAM Fallhammer
- Parameter:
- limiting impact energy (J)
- Value:
- 50
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 23 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 3 (b) (i): BAM friction apparatus
- Parameter:
- limiting load (N)
- Value:
- 360
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks:
- mixture containing 23 % sodium sulphate
- Key result
- Test series:
- other: UN Test series F
- Method:
- other: Test F.3 BAM Trauzl test
- Parameter:
- other: normalized volume increase of cavity [mL]
- Value:
- 10
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks:
- "low"; mixture containing 23 %
- Test series:
- other: UN Test series F
- Method:
- other: Test F.3 BAM Trauzl test
- Parameter:
- other: normalized volume increase of cavity [mL]
- Value:
- 8
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Remarks:
- "no" mixture containing 33 % sodium sulphate
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The miixture of the test item with 55 % added sodium sulphate as desensitizing agent does not have explosive properties according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria and Regulation (EC) no 440/2008.
- Executive summary:
Test series for explosive properties according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria and Regulation (EC) no 440/2008, A.14., were performed with different test iten/sodium sulphate mixtures: thermal sensitivity, mechanical sensitivity to friction and impact. The BAM Trauzl test (Test series F), related to self-reactive substances of division 4.1 and determining the explosive power, was performed additionally.
The following mixtures were prepared and investigated first: 23 wt. %, 33 wt. % and 55 wt. % sodium sulphate.
Only the Time-Pressure test showed positive results at all. The mixture containing 55 wt.% sodium sulphate achieved negative results in all tests whereas the mixture containing 33 wt. % sodium sulphate exhibited a positive result in the Time-Pressure Tests 1(c) and 2(c). For a more discrete assessment a further test series using a 50 wt.% sodium sulphate mixture was performed. The reference test on this mixture showed, that a decrease of only 5 wt.% gave positive results in the Tests 1(c) (Time-pressure test). Even though the test series 2(c) with this mixture gave a negative result, a safety margin for the mass fraction of desensitization agent is advised. Therefore, the classification for explosive properties with regards to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods only applies for mixtures of Aluminium Grey NL liq. (dried) and sodium sulfate with a mass content of less than 55 wt.%. The content of desensitization agent has to be ensured securely, as well as homogeneity of the mixture.
Referenceopen allclose all
Due to the positive result of the Koenen Test the Time-pressure test and the Trauzl test were not performed.
Table 1: Results of test series according to the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria, Rev. 6 (2015)
|
Aluminium Grey NL |
|||
Test |
+ 23 % Na2SO4 |
+ 33 % Na2SO4 |
+ 50 % Na2SO4 |
+ 55 % Na2SO4 |
Time-Pressure |
1 (c) positive 2 (c) positive |
1 (c) positive 2 (c) positive |
1 (c) positive 2 (c) negative |
1 (c) negative 2 (c) negative |
Koenen |
1 (b) negative |
1 (b) negative |
not tested |
not tested supposed to be negative |
BAM Fallhammer |
not tested |
not tested |
not tested |
3 (a) negative |
BAM friction apparatus |
not tested |
not tested |
not tested |
3 (b) negative |
BAM Trauzl |
F.3 negative |
F.3 negative |
not tested |
not tested supposed to be negative |
Description of key information
Explosive properties of Aluminium Grey NL, dried presscake, were investigated according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Part I: Classification procedures, test methods and criteria related to explosives of Class 1.
The test item is deemed to be positive in the UN Test 1 (b) (Koenen test, orifice diameter 1 mm) as well as UN Test 3(a) (BAM Fallhammer Test , impact energy 7.5 J).
Therefore, different mixtures of the dried presscake with sodium sulphate as inert desensitizing agent were prepared in order to suppress explosive properties: mixtures containing 23 %, 33 % and 55 % (w/w) sodium sulphate. UN Test series again were performed with the sodium sulphate mixtures to identify a mixture, which can be handled safely.
The mixture containing 33 % sodium sulphate is considered "positive" in the time pressure test according to UN tests 1(c) and 2(c) whereas the 55 % mixture is considered "negative" in both studies. Therefore an additional mixture containing 50 % sodium sulphate was tested in order to determine the boundary concentration for the desensitizing additive sodium sulphate. This mixture is considered "positive" in test 1(c) and "negative" in test 2(c).
Only the 55 % mixture achieved negative results in all tests.
conclusion: 55 % sodium sulphate is the minimum content to exclude explosive properties and for safe handling of the substance.
For this reason, the data according to Annex VII REACh regulation were determined with this mixture for the purpose of REACh registration exclusively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.