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EC number: 205-503-0 | CAS number: 141-82-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Identification: MALONIC ACIDLot/Batch Number: B-05-3251Purity: 99.68% (C of A)Composition: Malonic acid 99.5% Molecular weight = 104.061g/molChloride content <0.25%Nitrate content <0.1%Sulphate <0.025% Carbonates not det.Acetate <0.3%CAS: 141-82-2, IUPAC:Propandioic acid
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Duplicate samples were taken at the start and end of the 48 hour exposure period. Samples were taken from remaining test media after filling test vessels for 0 hours and pooled replicate flasks for 48 hours. Analysis of these samples for the verification of exposure concentrations was performed using HPLC.
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Stock solutions were prepared for both the range-finding and definitive tests by addition of thetest sample directly to Elendt M4 medium in a volumetric flask of adequate volume. Calculatedvolumes of the stock solution were added to nutrient growth medium and made to volume toprepare the test concentrations and provide enough solution for testing and subsequent waterquality measurements.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Source: From cultures maintained at Chemex Environmental International Ltd since July 2014 and originally sourced from a clone of genotype 5.Age of Daphnia at start of test: ≤ 24 hours.Feeding regime: Each working day, a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris. The Daphnia in the test were not fed.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- The number of immobilised Daphnia was recorded after 24 and 48-hour exposure periods
- Test temperature:
- Temperature range within incubator throughout test: 20.2 – 21.2°C
- pH:
- Initial pH at 0 Hours: 6.81pH range in control and test concentrations throughout test: 6.11 – 7.95
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Initial Dissolved Oxygen at 0 Hours: 6.89mg/lDO range in control and test concentrations throughout test: 6.23 – 8.03mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Results for the analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations indicate that the measured concentrations of 32, 58 and 100mg/l remained within 80-120% of nominal while concentrations 10 and 18mg/l did not. 10 and 18mg/l are near to the limit of detection and limit of quantification causing the low recoveries observed. 32, 58 and 100mg/l are at the higher end of the concentration range and as there was no mortality/immobilisation seen at the top concentration the lower concentrations are not critical to any EC calculations. As the majority of the concentrations were in the 80-120% range and these were in the highest concentrations the EC values are reported as nominal concentrations.
- Details on test conditions:
- Illumination: 16 Hours Light, 8 Hours Dark CycleTest volume: 25mlTest vessel: 40ml glass dishes. To limit aerial contamination of the test vessels and reduce evaporative losses, the vessels were covered with a perspex sheet.Number of replicates: Four replicates at each concentration.Test concentrations: 0 (control), 10, 18, 32, 58 and 100mg/lTest media: Elendt M4 reconstituted Daphnia waterTest organism: Five Daphnia were transferred to each control and test concentration vessel using a wide bore glass tube in the minimum amount of culture water (<0.5ml).
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Details on results:
- The Daphnia were examined at 24-hours and 48-hours for abnormal behaviour during the determination of immobility. All Daphnia appeared normal with no signs of abnormality. No immobilisation occured in any of the test concentrations, all twenty Daphnia in each unit appeared normal after 48-hours.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- A separate GLP study (ENV 11395) was conducted to monitor the sensitivity of the test animals and test procedures. The reference study gave a 24hour EC50 of 1.4mg/l of potassium dichromate which was within the acceptable range 0.6 mg/l to 2.1 mg/l as specified in Technical Corrigendum to ISO6341.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Where possible, the EC(r)10, EC(r)50 EC(r)90 values with 95% confidence limits and NOEC(r) were calculated according to the statistical methods of ToxCalc™ Version 5.0 “Comprehensive Toxicity Data Analysis and Database Software”, copyright 1994-1996.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In an acute toxicity study in daphnia magna according to OECD 202, no immobilisation or signs of abnormal behaviour toxicity was observed at any concentration, including the maximum concentration of 100 mg/l (nominal). Malonic acid is therefore considered to be not toxic to daphnia.
- Executive summary:
Daphnia magna were exposed to malonic acid at concnetrations of 0 (control), 10, 18, 32, 58 and 100mg/l in an acute toxicity study according to OECD 202. No immobilisation or signs of abnormal behaviour toxicity was observed at any concentration, including the maximum concentration of 100 mg/l (nominal). Malonic acid is therefore considered to be not toxic to daphnia.
Reference
Cumulative immobilisation
Nominal Concentration mg/l |
Number immobilised |
% immobilisation |
||
|
24 hours |
48 hours |
24 hours |
48 hours |
0 (Control) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
100 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Observations
Nominal Concentration mg/l |
Recorded observations |
|
24 hours |
48 hours |
|
0 (Control) |
20NS |
20NS |
10 |
20NS |
20NS |
18 |
20NS |
20NS |
32 |
20NS |
20NS |
58 |
20NS |
20NS |
100 |
20NS |
20NS |
Key to comments
S |
Sedimentation |
Ms |
Movement Slower |
D |
Debris attached toDaphnia |
TM |
Trapped in Meniscus (mobile) |
LI |
Lighter Colouration |
TI |
Trapped in Meniscus (immobile) |
NS |
No Signs of Abnormality |
SM |
DaphniaSmaller |
- |
AllDaphniaimmobilised |
|
|
Analytical results
Concentration of MALONIC ACID (mg/l) determined by HPLC analysis
Concentration of MALONIC ACID by peak area (mg/l) |
|||
Nominal concentration mg/l |
Exposure period |
||
0 hours |
48 hours |
Mean measured |
|
10 |
7.077 |
6.996 |
7.037 |
18 |
14.136 |
11.776 |
12.956 |
32 |
27.656 |
24.193 |
25.925 |
58 |
49.172 |
44.711 |
46.941 |
100 |
87.157 |
82.630 |
84.893 |
Average recoveries of MALONIC ACID (mg/l), percentage recovery compared to nominal concentrations.
Percentage recoveries of MALONIC ACID (%) |
|||
Nominal concentration mg/l |
Exposure period |
||
|
0 hours |
48 hours |
Mean measured |
10 |
70.772 |
69.962 |
70.367 |
18 |
78.532 |
65.422 |
71.977 |
32 |
86.425 |
75.604 |
81.015 |
58 |
84.778 |
77.088 |
80.933 |
100 |
87.157 |
82.630 |
84.893 |
Description of key information
Daphnia magna were exposed to malonic acid at concnetrations of 0 (control), 10, 18, 32, 58 and 100mg/l in an acute toxicity study according to OECD 202. No immobilisation or signs of abnormal behaviour toxicity was observed at any concentration, including the maximum concentration of 100 mg/l (nominal). Malonic acid is therefore considered to be not toxic to daphnia.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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